{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T22:34:24Z","timestamp":1761863664356,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,2]],"date-time":"2017-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488412800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Due to the loosely coupled property of cloud computing environments, no node has complete knowledge of the system. For this reason, detecting a Sybil attack in cloud computing environments is a non\u2010trivial task. In such a dynamic system, the use of algorithms based on tree or ring structures for collecting the global state of the system has unfortunate downsides, that is, the structure should be re\u2010constructed in the presence of node joining and leaving. In this paper, we propose an unstructured Sybil attack detection algorithm in cloud computing environments. Our proposed algorithm uses one\u2010to\u2010one communication primitives rather than broadcast primitives and, therefore, the message complexity can be reduced. In our algorithmic design, attacker nodes forging multiple identities are effectively detected by normal nodes with the fail\u2010stop signature scheme. We show that, regardless of the number of attacker nodes, our Sybil attack detection algorithm is able to reach consensus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym9030035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,2]],"date-time":"2017-03-02T10:31:17Z","timestamp":1488450677000},"page":"35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Detecting\u00a0Sybil\u00a0Attacks\u00a0in\u00a0Cloud\u00a0Computing\u00a0 Environments\u00a0Based\u00a0on\u00a0Fail\u2010Stop\u00a0Signature"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8954-2903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"JongBeom","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Game & Multimedia Engineering, Korea Polytechnic University, Siheung\u2010si, Gyeonggi\u2010do 15073, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"HeonChang","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6774-8476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joon\u2010Min","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Technology Engineering, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan\u2010si, Gyeongsangbuk\u2010do 38430, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Druschel, P., Kaashoek, F., and Rowstron, A. 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