{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T22:05:19Z","timestamp":1761948319703,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,18]],"date-time":"2017-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1508284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Symmetry"],"abstract":"<jats:p>After an emergency event (EE) happens, emergency decision making (EDM) is a common and effective way to deal with the emergency situation, which plays an important role in mitigating its level of harm. In the real world, it is a big challenge for an individual emergency manager (EM) to make a proper and comprehensive decision for coping with an EE. Consequently, many practical EDM problems drive group emergency decision making (GEDM) problems whose main limitations are related to the lack of flexibility in knowledge elicitation, disagreements in the group and the consideration of experts\u2019 psychological behavior in the decision process. Hence, this paper proposes a novel GEDM approach that allows more flexibility for preference elicitation under uncertainty, provides a consensus process to avoid disagreements and considers experts\u2019 psychological behavior by using the fuzzy TODIM method based on prospect theory. Eventually, a group decision support system (GDSS) is developed to support the whole GEDM process defined in the proposed method demonstrating its novelty, validity and feasibility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/sym9100234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,18]],"date-time":"2017-10-18T11:10:00Z","timestamp":1508325000000},"page":"234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Managing Non-Homogeneous Information and Experts\u2019 Psychological Behavior in Group Emergency Decision Making"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Liang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Ja\u00e9n, 23071 Ja\u00e9n, Spain"},{"name":"Decision Sciences Institute, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Labella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Ja\u00e9n, 23071 Ja\u00e9n, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosa M.","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and A.I., University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying-Ming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Decision Sciences Institute, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4245-8813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Ja\u00e9n, 23071 Ja\u00e9n, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcm.2007.03.001","article-title":"Group decision support for hazards planning and emergency management: A group analytic network process (GANP) approach","volume":"46","author":"Levy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Math. 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