{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:32:10Z","timestamp":1760149930219,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Studies on Critical Success Factors (CSFs) in Healthcare Information Systems (HIS) development projects have traditionally often been limited to retrospectively identifying CSFs in a finished project. In this paper, we focus on how to prospectively apply and manage CSFs in HIS projects. Based on a holistic perspective and systems thinking, an inductive research strategy was applied and a single in-depth case study was conducted. The findings include detailed descriptions that contribute to further understanding of how to prospectively apply and manage CSFs in HIS projects. The analysis reveals that CSFs must be applied differently and managed on various system levels. Furthermore, it shows how interactions exist between different system levels, both in the case of a specific CSF and between different CSFs on various system levels. Our analysis framework and findings indicate new directions for future research: how to prospectively apply and manage CSFs in HIS development projects can now be investigated both in a more holistic way and more in detail. Finally, healthcare practitioners can use the descriptions as practical checklists for guiding them in how to realize situational adaptation of CSFs in HIS projects across different system levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems11090469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T21:41:12Z","timestamp":1694554872000},"page":"469","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["How to Apply and Manage Critical Success Factors in Healthcare Information Systems Development?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Lena","family":"Aggestam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering Science, University West, Gustava Melins Gata 2, 46132 Trollh\u00e4ttan, Sweden"}]},{"given":"Joeri","family":"van Laere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Informatics, University of Sk\u00f6vde, Box 408, 54128 Sk\u00f6vde, Sweden"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1421-868X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ann","family":"Svensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Business Economics and IT, University West, Gustava Melins Gata 2, 46132 Trollh\u00e4ttan, Sweden"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"9306192","article-title":"Patients\u2019 and healthcare personnel\u2019s experiences of health coaching with online self-management in the renewing health project","volume":"2017","author":"Lindberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. 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