{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T08:20:37Z","timestamp":1772785237347,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Jiangsu Provincial Social Science Foundation Project","award":["20YSA003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20YSA003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This article discusses the interactions among project management, social capital, and organizational efficiency in the cross-departmental synergetic design of home appliance enterprises, with the goal of providing a reference for related enterprises\u2019 collaborative innovation. The structural equation modeling was used in this study to analyze the trust relationships, shared vision, and mutually motivating innovation teams established among people, information, social capital, and organizational efficiency in the project context. Research has found that effective information sharing and communication in the cross-departmental synergetic design of enterprises can significantly improve organizational performance and competitiveness under the conditions of social capital and task adaptation. Synergetic design innovations in organizations promote mutual trust, understanding, and the acceleration of innovation among organizational members, thereby achieving the enterprise\u2019s goal of sustainable development. This study concludes that social capital is essential for enterprises.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems11100504","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T09:14:22Z","timestamp":1696497262000},"page":"504","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cross-Departmental Synergetic Design in Home Appliance Enterprises\u2014Exploring the Role of Project Management, Social Capital, and Organizational Efficiency in the Context of Sustainability"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4020-8370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Design, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1058-2070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Design, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9112\/28\/9\/027","article-title":"Synergetics","volume":"28","author":"Haken","year":"1977","journal-title":"Phys. Bull."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Gloor, P.A. (2006). Swarm Creativity: Competitive Advantage through Collaborative Innovation Networks, Oxford University Press."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-5805(99)00025-4","article-title":"Collaborative design: What is it?","volume":"9","author":"Kvan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Autom. Constr."},{"key":"ref_4","unstructured":"Burkett, I. (2012). An Introduction to Co-Design, Knode."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1504\/IJTM.2002.003012","article-title":"A model of co-design relationships: Definitions and contingencies","volume":"23","author":"Spina","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Technol. Manag."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.destud.2008.03.003","article-title":"Barriers and enablers for creating shared understanding in co-design projects","volume":"29","author":"Kleinsmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Des. Stud."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Kleinsmann, M., Buijs, J., and Valkenburg, R. (2005, January 15\u201318). Managing shared understanding in collaborative design projects. Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Engineering Design, Melbourne, Australia."},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"339","article-title":"Social capital and project management success in a developing country environment: Mediating role of knowledge management","volume":"7","author":"Acquaah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Afr. J. Manag."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1007\/s10551-020-04525-1","article-title":"Socially Sustainable Supply Chain Management and Suppliers\u2019 Social Performance: The Role of Social Capital","volume":"173","author":"Alghababsheh","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Bus. Ethics"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2020.11.050","article-title":"Intelligent purchasing: How artificial intelligence can redefine the purchasing function","volume":"124","author":"Ballester","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.2753\/MIS0742-1222310110","article-title":"How Social Capital Among Information Technology and Business Units Drives Operational Alignment and IT Business Value","volume":"31","author":"Wagner","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Manag. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tsc.2017.12.006","article-title":"The interaction between social capital, creativity and efficiency in organizations","volume":"27","year":"2018","journal-title":"Think. Ski. Creat."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijproman.2011.03.006","article-title":"Social capital in project-based organizations: Its role, structure, and impact on project performance","volume":"30","author":"Mascia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Proj. Manag."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"68","article-title":"The Synergetic & Symbiosis Theory: A New Management Paradigm in the Digital Age","volume":"40","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Foreign Econ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Greenberg, A.G., Gullotta, T.P., and Bloom, M. (2016). Social Capital and Community Well-Being: The Serve Here Initiative, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-33264-2"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lock, D. (2020). Project Management, Routledge.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315245911"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pritchard, C.L. (2014). Risk Management: Concepts and Guidance, CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/9780429438967"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijproman.2017.08.006","article-title":"Investigating the relationship between communication-conflict interaction and project success among construction project teams","volume":"35","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Proj. Manag."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1002\/kpm.1379","article-title":"Knowledge Sharing Barriers in Complex Research and Development Projects: An Exploratory Study on the Perceptions of Project Managers","volume":"19","author":"Santos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Knowl. Process Manag."},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Shenhar, A.J., and Dvir, D. (2007). Reinventing Project Management: The Diamond Approach to Successful Growth and Innovation, Harvard Business Review Press."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apergo.2011.04.009","article-title":"Factors of collaborative working: A framework for a collaboration model","volume":"43","author":"Patel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Ergon."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/s11213-012-9261-9","article-title":"Collaborative Project Management: A Systemic Approach to Heavy Equipment Manufacturing Project Management","volume":"27","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Syst. Pract. Action Res."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6759","DOI":"10.3390\/app11156759","article-title":"Research Hotspots and Frontiers of Product R&D Management under the Background of the Digital Intelligence Era\u2014Bibliometrics Based on Citespace and Histcite","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dale, B.G., and Plunkett, J.J. (2017). Quality Costing, Routledge.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315245515"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/2390587","article-title":"The individual and organization: Some problems of mutual adjustment","volume":"2","author":"Argyris","year":"1957","journal-title":"Adm. Sci. Q."},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"Child, J. (2015). Organization: Contemporary Principles and Practice, John Wiley & Sons."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2012.01.008","article-title":"All for one, one for all: Coopetition and virtual team performance","volume":"79","author":"Baruch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1080\/03075079.2014.927848","article-title":"Transformational leadership and innovation: A comparison study between Iraq\u2019s public and private higher education","volume":"41","author":"Elbeltagi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stud. High. Educ."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1108\/JKM-08-2017-0371","article-title":"Investigating the impact of information systems on knowledge sharing","volume":"22","author":"Mirzaee","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Knowl. Manag."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, S., Madni, G.R., and Yasin, I. (2022). Exploring the Mutual Nexus of Social Capital, Social Innovations and Organizational Performance. Sustainability, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/su141911858"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S0263-7863(98)00076-3","article-title":"Strategic project management and strategic behaviour","volume":"18","author":"Grundy","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Proj. Manag."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijproman.2021.02.003","article-title":"Organisational capabilities and project organising research","volume":"39","author":"Leiringer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Proj. Manag."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5437","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2015.1008106","article-title":"External knowledge acquisition and innovation: The role of supply chain network-oriented flexibility and organisational awareness","volume":"53","author":"Liao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fayyaz, A., Chaudhry, B.N., and Fiaz, M. (2021). Upholding Knowledge Sharing for Organization Innovation Efficiency in Pakistan. J. Open Innov. Technol. Mark. Complex., 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/joitmc7010004"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.1040.0074","article-title":"Learning to Contract: Evidence from the Personal Computer Industry","volume":"15","author":"Mayer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Organ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"133","article-title":"The Influence of Budgetary Participation by R&D Managers on Product Innovation Performances: The Effect of Trust, Job Satisfaction and Information Asymmetry","volume":"19","author":"Cheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Asia-Pac. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2015.05.003","article-title":"Consumer acceptance of a revolutionary technology-driven product: The role of adoption in the industrial design development","volume":"26","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Retail. Consum. Serv."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1207\/S15328007SEM1001_6","article-title":"Revisiting Sample Size and Number of Parameter Estimates: Some Support for the N:q Hypothesis","volume":"10","author":"Jackson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Struct. Equ. Model. A Multidiscip. J."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02291575","article-title":"An index of factorial simplicity","volume":"39","author":"Kaiser","year":"1974","journal-title":"Psychometrika"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thompson, B. (2004). Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis: Understanding Concepts and Applications, American Psychological Association.","DOI":"10.1037\/10694-000"},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., Anderson, R.E., and Tatham, R.L. (2006). Multivariate Data Analysis, Pearson Prentice Hall. [6th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.103.3.411","article-title":"Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach","volume":"103","author":"Anderson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"ref_43","unstructured":"Hair, J.F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., Anderson, R.E., and Tatham, R.L. (1998). Multivariate Data Analysis, Prentice Hall."},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"Nunnally, J., Jum, N., Bernstein, I.H., and Bernstein, I. (1994). Psychometric Theory, McGraw-Hill Companies, Incorporated."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1177\/002224378101800104","article-title":"Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error","volume":"18","author":"Fornell","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Mark. Res."},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"7","article-title":"Commentary: Issues and opinion on structural equation modeling","volume":"22","author":"Chin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Commentary"},{"key":"ref_47","first-page":"53","article-title":"Structural equation modelling: Guidelines for determining model fit","volume":"6","author":"Hooper","year":"2008","journal-title":"Electron. J. Bus. Res. Methods"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014694","article-title":"Reporting practices in confirmatory factor analysis: An overview and some recommendations","volume":"14","author":"Jackson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychol. Methods"},{"key":"ref_49","unstructured":"Kline, R.B. (2015). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling, Guilford Publications. [4th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_50","unstructured":"Whittaker, T.A. (2011). A Beginner\u2019s Guide to Structural Equation Modeling, Taylor & Francis."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118","article-title":"Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives","volume":"6","author":"Hu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Struct. Equ. Model. A Multidiscip. J."}],"container-title":["Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-8954\/11\/10\/504\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T21:01:32Z","timestamp":1760130092000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-8954\/11\/10\/504"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["systems11100504"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/systems11100504","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-8954"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2079-8954","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]}}}