{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T15:27:32Z","timestamp":1779204452088,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]],"date-time":"2024-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A resilient innovation ecosystem is an important guarantee for enhancing industrial competitiveness. Knowledge spillover is the key driving force to enhance system resilience. Firstly, we use the MEREC-CoCoSo method to calculate the resilience level of the integrated circuit (IC) innovation ecosystem and analyze the evolution trajectory of the resilience before and after the emergence of the \u201cstuck-neck\u201d problem. Secondly, based on the panel data of 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) in China from 2011 to 2021, this paper analyzes the mechanism of the impact of intra-regional knowledge spillovers on the resilience of IC innovation ecosystems using the fixed-effect model and analyzes the spatial effect of inter-regional knowledge spillovers on the resilience of innovation ecosystems using the spatial Durbin model under the human capital matrix. Finally, we analyze the regulating role of contractual and relational governance mechanisms and try to open the \u201cblack box\u201d of governance. The result shows the following: (1) The polarization of innovative ecosystem resilience of integrated circuits is gradually increasing, with strong spatial agglomeration, high\u2013high agglomeration, low\u2013low agglomeration, and low\u2013high dispersion, and there is an obvious \u201cmatthew effect\u201d and \u201csiphon effect\u201d. (2) Both intra- and inter-regional knowledge spillovers contribute significantly to the resilience of IC innovation ecosystems. The contractual governance mechanism can effectively enhance the impact of knowledge spillovers on the resilience of innovation ecosystems in the region, and the relational governance mechanism has a positive impact on the resilience of innovation ecosystems in neighboring regions. (3) Heterogeneity results show that knowledge spillovers within the Pan-PRD region have a significant positive impact on innovation ecosystem resilience. Knowledge spillovers between regions with low innovation capacity have a double effect on innovation ecosystem resilience, and knowledge spillovers between regions with \u201ctalent highlands\u201d have a facilitating effect on innovation ecosystem resilience. Accordingly, policy recommendations are put forward to open up channels for innovation knowledge spillover, realize effective allocation of innovation resources, and optimize the system of innovation talents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems12100441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,21]],"date-time":"2024-10-21T09:58:24Z","timestamp":1729504704000},"page":"441","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Knowledge Spillovers and Integrated Circuit Innovation Ecosystem Resilience: Evidence from China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Shiyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xueguo","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fengmei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, X., Zheng, F., Qi, Y., and Zhang, H. (2024). Study on the identification of key core technology \u201cstrangled\u201d problem of the new generation information technology industry. Kybernetes.","DOI":"10.1108\/K-03-2024-0717"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, F., and Huang, Z. (2023). Analysis of international competitive situation of key core technology in strategic emerging industries: New generation of information technology industry as an example. PLoS ONE, 18.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0287034"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2016.11.009","article-title":"Unpacking the innovation ecosystem construct: Evolution, gaps and trends","volume":"136","author":"Facin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1080\/14778238.2018.1557998","article-title":"The empirical analysis of knowledge spillover effect measurement","volume":"17","author":"Xu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Knowl. Manag. Res. Pract."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1007\/s10961-018-9698-9","article-title":"A scientometric analysis of knowledge spillover research","volume":"45","author":"Ferreira","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Technol. Transf."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morris, A.K., Fiedler, A., and Audretsch, D.B. (2023). Enablers of knowledge spillover entrepreneurship in entrepreneurial ecosystems: Synthesis and future directions. J. Technol. Transf., 1\u201325.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10961-023-10056-4"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ali, N., Phoungthong, K., Khan, A., Abbas, S., Dilanchiev, A., Tariq, S., and Sadiq, M.N. (2023). Does FDI foster technological innovations? Empirical evidence from BRICS economies. PLoS ONE, 18.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0282498"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2018.10.021","article-title":"Digital technology adoption and knowledge flows within firms: Can the Internet overcome geographic and technological distance?","volume":"48","author":"Forman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Res. Policy"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2016.01.014","article-title":"Urban innovation, regional externalities of foreign direct investment and industrial agglomeration: Evidence from Chinese cities","volume":"45","author":"Ning","year":"2016","journal-title":"Res. Policy"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jwb.2023.101461","article-title":"Organizational scaling: The role of knowledge spillovers in driving multinational enterprise persistent rapid growth","volume":"58","author":"Belitski","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. World Bus."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoforum.2015.05.009","article-title":"Balancing the spatial localisation \u2018Tilt\u2019: Knowledge spillovers in processes of knowledge-intensive services","volume":"65","author":"Schmidt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Geoforum"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tang, C., and Dou, J. (2022). Exploring the polycentric structure and driving mechanism of urban regions from the perspective of innovation network. Front. Phys., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphy.2022.855380"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2021.120797","article-title":"Influencing mechanism of reverse knowledge spillover on investment enterprises\u2019 technological progress: An empirical examination of Chinese firms","volume":"169","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2713","DOI":"10.1016\/S1574-0080(04)80018-X","article-title":"Knowledge spillovers and the geography of innovation","volume":"4","author":"Audretsch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Handb. Reg. Urban Econ."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1108\/IMDS-01-2018-0049","article-title":"How do knowledge spillover and access in supply chain network enhance SMEs\u2019 credit quality?","volume":"119","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ind. Manag. Data Syst."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"1","article-title":"Enterprise digital transformation and supply chain resilience: From the perspective of supply chain spillover","volume":"9","author":"Yuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Syst. Eng"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"177","article-title":"Formation mechanism and improvement path of innovation cluster resilience","volume":"66","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fudan J. (Soc. Sci. Ed.)"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"80","article-title":"The enhancement effect of industrial intelligence on industrial chain toughness: Theoretical mechanism and empirical evidence","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reform"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2022.02.008","article-title":"The coevolution of innovation ecosystems and the strategic growth paths of knowledge-intensive enterprises: The case of China\u2019s integrated circuit design industry","volume":"144","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121872","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2022.121872","article-title":"How latecomers strategically respond to global-local resources and leverage local ecosystems: Evidence from China\u2019s integrated circuit design firms","volume":"183","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feng, Y., Wu, J., and He, P. (2018). Global M&A and the development of the IC industry ecosystem in China: What can we learn from the case of Tsinghua Unigroup?. Sustainability, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/su11010106"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1504\/IJTM.2016.080549","article-title":"Establishing a CoPs-based innovation ecosystem to enhance competence-the case of CGN in China","volume":"72","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Technol. Manag."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2017.04.011","article-title":"A multi-level perspective on innovation ecosystems for path-breaking innovation","volume":"136","author":"Walrave","year":"2018","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1007\/s10021-005-0170-y","article-title":"Surrogates for resilience of social\u2013ecological systems","volume":"8","author":"Carpenter","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ecosystems"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1177\/0008125617745086","article-title":"Open innovation: Research, practices, and policies","volume":"60","author":"Bogers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Calif. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/jeg\/lbr019","article-title":"Regional economic resilience, hysteresis and recessionary shocks","volume":"12","author":"Martin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Econ. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"60","article-title":"Research on community resilience based on actor network theory: Theoretical framework and application analysis","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Tongji Univ. (Soc. Sci. Ed.)"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marcus, L., and Colding, J. (2023). Placing urban renewal in the context of the resilience adaptive cycle. Land, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/land13010008"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2017.10.008","article-title":"Organizational and human resource management and innovation: Which management practices are linked to product and\/or process innovation?","volume":"47","author":"Haneda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Res. Policy"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijproman.2017.09.009","article-title":"The interaction effect between intra-organizational and inter-organizational control on the project performance of new product development in open innovation","volume":"35","author":"Lu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Proj. Manag."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1080\/09537320601019628","article-title":"The dark matter of innovation: Design and innovative performance in Dutch manufacturing","volume":"18","author":"Marsili","year":"2006","journal-title":"Technol. Anal. Strateg. Manag."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2021.03.060","article-title":"Differences in the impact of R&D intensity and R&D internationalization on firm performance\u2014Mediating role of innovation performance","volume":"131","author":"Leung","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119953","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2020.119953","article-title":"Can energy saving policies drive firm innovation behaviors?\u2014Evidence from China","volume":"154","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"1706","article-title":"Evaluation and prediction of niche suitability of regional innovation ecosystem: An empirical study based on data from 30 provinces and cities in China from 2009 to 2018","volume":"33","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Res."},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"55","article-title":"The Mechanism Analysis and Empirical Study of Industrial Innovation Based on the Home Market Scale","volume":"1","author":"Feng","year":"2014","journal-title":"China Soft Sci."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"065006","DOI":"10.1088\/2515-7620\/ad53aa","article-title":"Spatial spillover effects of the digital economy on the green total factor productivity of China\u2019s manufacturing industry","volume":"6","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pan, X., Gao, Y., Guo, D., and Cheng, W. (2020). Does higher education promote firm innovation in China?. Sustainability, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/su12187326"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4848","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-022-01042-6","article-title":"Demand-side mobile money drivers of financial inclusion: Minimum economic growth thresholds for mobile money innovations","volume":"14","author":"Asongu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Knowl. Econ."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.frl.2024.105001","article-title":"Innovation-driven policy and firm investment","volume":"61","author":"Hou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Financ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3847","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-022-00899-x","article-title":"Analyzing the role of high-tech industrial agglomeration in green transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry: The case of China","volume":"14","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Knowl. Econ."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2022.106435","article-title":"How does government attention matter in air pollution control? Evidence from government annual reports","volume":"185","author":"Bao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"83","article-title":"An evolutionary game study on cross-organizational knowledge sharing behavior in enterprise innovation network","volume":"30","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oper. Res."},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"89","article-title":"Research on the influence of Industrial Agglomeration on the Collaborative Innovation Efficiency","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"China Soft Sci."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2018.06.169","article-title":"Large-scale assessment of global green innovation research trends from 1981 to 2016: A bibliometric study","volume":"197","author":"Yin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_45","first-page":"605","article-title":"Discussion on the social cost of technological innovation","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stud. Sci. Sci."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jik.2024.100511","article-title":"How does the innovative factor allocation promote the high quality development of manufacturing industry?","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Innov. Knowl."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.strueco.2024.07.009","article-title":"Spatial differentiation and driving factors of scientific and technological innovation efficiency under the background of the digital economy","volume":"71","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Struct. Change Econ. Dyn."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-024-03461-z","article-title":"The measurement, level, and influence of resource allocation efficiency in universities: Empirical evidence from 13 \u201cdouble first class\u201d universities in China","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Humanit. Soc. Sci. Commun."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Z., Wang, Z., Ji, Y., and Liang, S. (2024). Dynamic evolution of spatial distribution of energy factor allocation efficiency: Industrial sector in China. Environ. Dev. Sustain., 1\u201319.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10668-024-04493-w"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liang, H., Luan, X., Guo, J., and Lan, Q. (2024). Partner diversity and the survival of joint ventures. Appl. Econ., 1\u201315.","DOI":"10.1080\/00036846.2024.2342071"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zaid, M.A.A., and Issa, A. (2024). Board committees as catalysts: Divulging the impact of nomination and risk management on corporate eco-innovation and carbon performance. Bus. Strateg. Environ.","DOI":"10.1002\/bse.3803"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jik.2024.100475","article-title":"How do innovation factor allocation and institutional environment affect high-quality economic development? Evidence from China","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Innov. Knowl."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8430","DOI":"10.1109\/TEM.2024.3390207","article-title":"Digital Open Innovation for Sustainability: Evidence from Italian big energy corporations","volume":"71","author":"Del","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Eng. Manag."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijis.2024.04.002","article-title":"Eco-innovative development of industrial ecosystems based on the quintuple helix","volume":"8","author":"Shkarupeta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Innov. Stud."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, J., and Feng, L. (2024). Improving the Regional Science and Technology Innovation Ability under the Background of Data Element Marketization: Insights from the Yunnan Province. Sustainability, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/su16167113"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104961","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2024.104961","article-title":"Profiting from innovation when digital business ecosystems emerge: A control point perspective","volume":"53","author":"Bohnsack","year":"2024","journal-title":"Res. Policy"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1080\/00343404.2011.596701","article-title":"Regional innovation systems: Theory, empirics and policy","volume":"45","author":"Asheim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Reg. Stud."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fan, F., Yang, B., and Wang, S. (2023). The convergence mechanism and spatial spillover effects of urban industry-university-research collaborative innovation performance in China. Technol. Anal. Strateg. Manag., 1\u201317.","DOI":"10.1080\/09537325.2023.2290169"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2021.121200","article-title":"Does innovative city construction improve the industry\u2013university\u2013research knowledge flow in urban China?","volume":"174","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.821","article-title":"Value creation in innovation ecosystems: How the structure of technological interdependence affects firm performance in new technology generations","volume":"31","author":"Adner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Strateg. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.technovation.2024.103048","article-title":"A framework and methodology for analyzing technology spillover processes with an application in solar photovoltaics","volume":"134","author":"Kolesnikov","year":"2024","journal-title":"Technovation"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1177\/10422587221111732","article-title":"Knowledge spillovers, entrepreneurial ecosystems and the geography of high growth firms","volume":"47","author":"Fotopoulos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Entrep. Theory Pract."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.119335","article-title":"Government-enterprise Green Collaborative Governance and Urban Carbon Emission Reduction: Empirical Evidence from Green PPP Programs","volume":"257","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seps.2021.101153","article-title":"How does heterogeneous spillover of knowledge affect economic geography?\u2014An extended local spillover model","volume":"83","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Socio-Econ. Plan. Sci."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00d8jvind, N.R., S\u00f8rensen, E., and Torfing, J. (2024). Drivers of collaborative governance for the green transition. Public Manag. Rev., 1\u201326.","DOI":"10.1080\/14719037.2024.2358321"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1995","DOI":"10.1007\/s10961-021-09846-5","article-title":"Start-ups, Innovation and Knowledge Spillovers","volume":"46","author":"David","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Technol. Transf."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123086","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2023.123086","article-title":"The effects of knowledge spillovers, digital capabilities, and innovation on firm performance: A moderated mediation model","volume":"200","author":"Ferreira","year":"2024","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, X., Wang, W., Wu, Y., and Jin, S. (2023). Research on the Effect of Information Infrastructure Construction on Low-Carbon Technology Knowledge Flow. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su15097390"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jik.2024.100540","article-title":"Knowledge spillovers and innovation performance of the originator: The moderating effect of technological alliances","volume":"9","author":"Jung","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Innov. Knowl."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2023.122728","article-title":"Inter-sectoral and inter-regional knowledge spillovers: The role of ICT and technological branching on innovation in high-tech sectors","volume":"194","author":"Sergio","year":"2023","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.35611\/jkt.2023.27.5.91","article-title":"Localized Knowledge Spillovers and Organizational Capabilities: Evidence from the Canadian Manufacturing Sector","volume":"27","author":"No","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Korea Trade"},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2023.104585","article-title":"A pipeline for urban knowledge spillover: Based on the internal linkage of cross-regional multilocation enterprises","volume":"143","author":"Mao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2023.122608","article-title":"The contrasting effects of interregional networks and local agglomeration on R&D productivity in Chinese provinces: Insights from an empirical spatial Durbin model","volume":"193","author":"Qin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.3568","article-title":"Knowledge diffusion in nascent industries: Asymmetries between startups and established firms in spurring inventions by other firms","volume":"45","author":"Polidoro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Strateg. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1756-2171.2010.00126.x","article-title":"Direct and indirect knowledge spillovers: The \u201csocial network\u201d of open-source projects","volume":"42","author":"Fershtman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rand J. Econ."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1080\/19761597.2021.1920843","article-title":"Understanding technological knowledge spillover in a science technology park ecosystem: An ethnographic study","volume":"30","author":"Wicaksono","year":"2022","journal-title":"Asian J. Technol. Innov."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grandori, A. (2024). Entrepreneurial governance and the nature of the entrepreneurial firm. Small Bus. Econ., 1\u201314.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11187-024-00883-6"},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1080\/14778238.2023.2205028","article-title":"Interactive mechanisms between formal and informal knowledge governance mechanisms in predicting knowledge processes in China","volume":"22","author":"Min","year":"2024","journal-title":"Knowl. Manag. Res. Pract."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jik.2024.100523","article-title":"Institutional complexity and governance in open-source ecosystems: A case study of the oil and gas industry","volume":"9","author":"Moradi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Innov. Knowl."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2024.123460","article-title":"Fostering innovation speed and quality in ICT firms: The role of knowledge governance mechanisms, absorptive capacity and environmental dynamism","volume":"205","author":"Aslam","year":"2024","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indmarman.2024.03.001","article-title":"Managing Chinese suppliers\u2019 sustainability performance: The double-edged role of guanxi governance","volume":"118","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ind. Mark. Manag."},{"key":"ref_82","first-page":"14","article-title":"Mechanism composition, driving logic and adaptive environment of Contract Governance and Relationship Governance: A comparative case study based on cross-generational changes of family firms","volume":"20","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Manag."},{"key":"ref_83","first-page":"1505","article-title":"Innovation ecosystem knowledge governance mechanism and create a study","volume":"40","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J., Liu, B., Wang, D., and Casady, C.B. (2024). The effects of contractual and relational governance on public-private partnership sustainability. Public Adm.","DOI":"10.1111\/padm.12982"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2018.04.021","article-title":"Open innovation in SMEs: Exploring inter-organizational relationships in an ecosystem","volume":"146","author":"Radziwon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hou, W., Peng, X., and Wang, L. (2023). The Influence of Contractual and Relational Governance on the Sustainable Performance of Public-Private Partnership Projects: Findings from PLS-SEM and fsQCA. J. Knowl. Econ., 1\u201327.","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-023-01538-9"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4236\/ib.2022.141001","article-title":"Board Governance, Financing Constraints and Technological Innovation: Empirical Evidence from Parent Companies of Enterprise Groups","volume":"14","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"iBusiness"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pursup.2023.100817","article-title":"The effect of cross-organizational governance on supply chain resilience: A mediating and moderating model","volume":"29","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Purch. Supply Manag."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1007\/s10997-020-09553-7","article-title":"The governance of strategic networks: How do different configurations influence the performance of member firms?","volume":"26","author":"Wegner","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Manag. Gov."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Q., Cheng, T., Lu, Y., Liu, H., Zhang, R., and Huang, J. (2024). Underground mine safety and health: A hybrid MEREC\u2013CoCoSo system for the selection of best sensor. Sensors, 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/s24041285"},{"key":"ref_91","unstructured":"Xie, X.M., Yu, H., and Dai, M.X. (2023). Population symbiotic network and knowledge spillover effect: An empirical study based on the perspective of symbiotic behavior. Nankai Bus. Rev., 1\u201332."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12697","DOI":"10.1111\/rsp3.12697","article-title":"Territorial resilience on the aftermaths of COVID-19 crisis\u2014An exploratory analysis on the role of innovation","volume":"16","author":"Sargento","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reg. Sci. Policy Pract."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s00168-018-0874-5","article-title":"Inter-regional inventor collaboration and the commercial value of patented inventions: Evidence from the US biotechnology industry","volume":"61","author":"Sonmez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Reg. Sci."},{"key":"ref_94","first-page":"54","article-title":"Relational governance, contractual governance and agro-industrial ecosystem evolution","volume":"39","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Manag. World"},{"key":"ref_95","unstructured":"Wang, H.H., Li, Y.J., and Gong, Y.Y. (2024). Technological Diversification, Continuous Innovation and Firm Resilience\u2014The Moderating Role of Dual Networks. Sci. Technol. Prog. Policy, 1\u201312."},{"key":"ref_96","first-page":"96","article-title":"Keeping the \u201cright\u201d and innovation: Evidence from task-oriented policies","volume":"5","author":"Gao","year":"2024","journal-title":"World Econ."}],"container-title":["Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-8954\/12\/10\/441\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:16:22Z","timestamp":1760112982000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-8954\/12\/10\/441"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]},"references-count":96,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["systems12100441"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/systems12100441","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-8954"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2079-8954","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,18]]}}}