{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T14:37:11Z","timestamp":1781188631325,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The research focuses on the limitations of traditional systems in optimizing information flow in the healthcare domain. It focuses on integrating knowledge graphs (KGs) and utilizing AI-powered applications, specifically conversational agents (CAs), particularly during peak operational hours in emergency departments (EDs). Leveraging the Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) framework, the authors tailored a customized methodology, CRISP-knowledge graph (CRISP-KG), designed to harness KGs for constructing an intelligent knowledge base (KB) for CAs. This KG augmentation empowers CAs with advanced reasoning, knowledge management, and context awareness abilities. We utilized a hybrid method integrating a participatory design collaborative methodology (CM) and Methontology to construct a domain-centric robust formal ontological model depicting and mapping information flow during peak hours in EDs. The ultimate objective is to empower CAs with intelligent KBs, enabling seamless interaction with end users and enhancing the quality of care within EDs. The authors leveraged semantic web rule language (SWRL) to enhance inferencing capabilities within the KG framework further, facilitating efficient information management for assisting healthcare practitioners and patients. This innovative assistive solution helps efficiently manage information flow and information provision during peak hours. It also leads to better care outcomes and streamlined workflows within EDs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13020072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T11:09:02Z","timestamp":1737544142000},"page":"72","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Digital Health Transformation: Leveraging a Knowledge Graph Reasoning Framework and Conversational Agents for Enhanced Knowledge Management"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7634-5564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abid Ali","family":"Fareedi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Academy for Information Technology (ITE), Halmstad University, 30118 Halmstad, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3113-7416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computing Engineering and Sciences, University of South Wales, Pontypridd CF37 1DL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7732-9849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephane","family":"Gagnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement des Sciences Administratives, Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC J8Y 3G5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5215-1252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad","family":"Ghazanweh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Academy for Information Technology (ITE), Halmstad University, 30118 Halmstad, Sweden"},{"name":"School of Economics, Innovation and Technology, Kristiania University College, 0153 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zartashia","family":"Arooj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Azra Naheed Dental College, Superior University, Lahore 05400, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Basu, K. 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