{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T00:52:49Z","timestamp":1760057569899,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Social Science Foundation of China","award":["24XMZ027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24XMZ027"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Taking into account retailers\u2019 resistance and operational costs, manufacturer enterprises are facing the optimal decision-making problem of whether and what kind of direct sales channels to open. Meanwhile, against the backdrop of asymmetric demand information, how does retailers\u2019 information sharing affect manufacturers\u2019 channel selection? Based on this, this study considers three types of sales channels for manufacturers in the context of asymmetric demand information: a traditional channel, online direct sales channel, and subsidiary direct sales channel. Six supply chain game models are established under the retailer\u2019s information strategy, and the manufacturer\u2019s channel-selection decision and the retailer\u2019s information-sharing decision are analyzed. The study demonstrates that when information is shared, the online direct sales channel represents the optimal choice. Conversely, when information sharing is absent, the manufacturer will select the subsidiary direct channel when the subsidiary sales channel opening cost is minimal, and the unit direct selling cost of online direct sales channels is moderate. Furthermore, we discover that retailers lack motivation to share demand information. Therefore, we propose an information-sharing incentive system to encourage retailers to voluntarily share information with manufacturers, aiming for Pareto optimization in the supply chain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13020108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T05:34:32Z","timestamp":1739252072000},"page":"108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Manufacturer Channel-Selection Strategy Considering Information Sharing Under Uncertain Demand"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Fang","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Economic and Social Development Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Governance, Chongqing 400041, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Management, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1368-4889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China"},{"name":"Sichuan Center for Rural Development Research, Chengdu 611130, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2024.06.010","article-title":"Agency or reselling? 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