{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T06:59:31Z","timestamp":1764053971604,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":113,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]],"date-time":"2025-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Fund","award":["K\u03a0-06-\u03a0H77\/6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K\u03a0-06-\u03a0H77\/6"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education and Science in Bulgaria","award":["K\u03a0-06-\u03a0H77\/6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K\u03a0-06-\u03a0H77\/6"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This systematic review answers questions about whether or not a model of metacognition is well accepted and if it can be used in cognitive architecture design. Self-planning, self-monitoring, and self-evaluation are the model concepts, which are viewed as metacognitive experiences. A newly formulated theoretical approach named Attention as Action was targeted, as it is shown to be used in cognitive architecture design. In order to link the model to the theoretical approach, specific concepts like mental imagery and learning experience were researched. The method includes the statistical analysis of key phrases in articles that were collected based on a system of criteria. Data were retrieved from 91 scientific papers to allow statistical analysis of the relationship between the model of metacognition and the theoretical approach to cognitive architecture design. Several observations from the data show that the model is applicable for designing cognitive monitoring systems that depict experiences of metacognition. Furthermore, the results point out that the researched fields require explanations about the concepts defined in the theoretical approach of Attention as Action. Systematically formulated as types of internal attentional experiences, new relations are provided for researching cognitive and metacognitive concepts in terms of the cognitive cycle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13030177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]],"date-time":"2025-03-05T09:37:52Z","timestamp":1741167472000},"page":"177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Reviewing a Model of Metacognition for Application in Cognitive Architecture Design"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1466-1139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teodor","family":"Ukov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technologies in Industry, Faculty of Computer Systems and Technology, Technical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2442-8311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgi","family":"Tsochev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Technologies in Industry, Faculty of Computer Systems and Technology, Technical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsochev, G., and Ukov, T. 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