{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T08:38:35Z","timestamp":1784968715176,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":135,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Commission, under the Horizon 2020 programme, project ENOUGH","award":["101036588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101036588"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hybrid Reality (HyR) is the place where human beings and artificial entities interact. HyR modelling relies simultaneously on the cognitive power of humans and artificial entities. In addition, HyR is an evolving paradigm where natural and artificial intelligence can intervene in processes that demand proper control. This work aims to lay the foundation for a systematic approach to understanding and modeling present and future human\u2013machine symbiosis under a systems engineering perspective. It introduces a novel cyber-systemic methodology for managing the engineering of purposeful regulation for HyR phenomena by integrating the Blockchain technology framework and principled methods of cybernetics. This formalized interdisciplinary methodology integrates system dynamics, agent-based computation, artificial intelligence, and Blockchain-powered security and safety layers. The Blockchain framework, seen under a new cyber-systemic perspective, provides new opportunities and tools for the organization and control of HyR. A Cybersystemic Security Kit is here defined as a major component of the methodology, representing a candidate to offer viable breakthroughs in the field with respect to the best practices of Industry 5.0 when a systemically augmented perspective is adopted. Ongoing research and experimentation in the real field of sustainable supply chains is used as a motivating use case to support the proposed position. The industrial target is the primary one in its multi-dimensional and multi-faceted sustainability impacts, but this study will also reveal other potential societal areas of intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13040294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T06:53:46Z","timestamp":1744872826000},"page":"294","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Blockchain-Driven Cyber-Systemic Approach to Hybrid Reality"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4813-7861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Pirani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Sciences and Technologies, Pegaso University, Centro Direzionale Isola F2\u2013via Giovanni Porzio 4, 80143 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0173-9862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Cucchiarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Engineering, Marche Polytechnic University, via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4924-1852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tariq","family":"Naeem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Engineering, Marche Polytechnic University, via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4807-6632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Spalazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Engineering, Marche Polytechnic University, via Brecce Bianche 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1108\/K-01-2020-0061","article-title":"Hybrid reality development-can social responsibility concepts provide guidance?","volume":"50","author":"Perko","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Totschnig, W. 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