{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T00:29:28Z","timestamp":1781051368822,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":112,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Schneider Electric and the University of Granada"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The increasing digitalization of the world underscores the critical importance of both social and technical aspects in software engineering practice. While prior research links socio-technical congruence (STC) to positive workstream outcomes, the current convergence of digital products, technologies, and social systems introduces novel and often unpredictable results, driven by the complex interplay of leadership, organizational culture, and software engineering practices operating as a complex adaptive system (CAS). This paper proposes a novel model for adopting socio-cultural practices to bridge the social and technical divide through the lens of STC. The innovation of the model lies in its socio-technical evolutionary journey, built upon dual systems: (1) an analytical System-I focused on enhancing robustness via compliance with Lean and Agile socio-cultural practices, and (2) a holistic System-II emphasizing resilience through an acceptance of interdependence of system actors that requires sense-making techniques. A methodology based on this model was piloted across six case studies: three in an Enterprise IT organization and three in two business units undergoing transformations on Lean and Agile plus DevOps adoption. System-I\u2019s robustness was evaluated through surveys and structured STC maturity assessments (self and guided ones). System-II employed sense-making techniques to foster resilience within the system of work (SoW), laying the groundwork for their evolutionary journeys. The findings reveal a significant need for greater alignment between management (as transformation agents) and software engineering practices. However, the study suggests actionable guidelines, grounded in new principles and mental models for operating within a CAS, to cultivate enhanced resilience and robustness in a VUCA world.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13050374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T09:26:48Z","timestamp":1747128408000},"page":"374","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Disciplined Delivery and Organizational Design Maturity: A Socio-Technical Evolutionary Journey"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7723-8741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Oltra-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Software Engineering Department, Research Centre for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC-UGR), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Schneider-Electric, 41092 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2004-1136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Stonehouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Schneider-Electric, 41092 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6117-8097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Afonso-Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Software Engineering Department, Research Centre for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC-UGR), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Schneider-Electric, 41092 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8031-1276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan A.","family":"Holgado-Terriza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Software Engineering Department, Research Centre for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC-UGR), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.3390\/systems3030109","article-title":"Statistical Model Selection for Better Prediction and Discovering Science Mechanisms That Affect Reliability","volume":"3","author":"Morzinski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Systems"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Muller, G., van Veen, L., and van den Aker, J. 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