{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T06:46:18Z","timestamp":1782197178368,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["390621612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["390621612"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Decision making in modern supply chain management relies heavily on data-driven decision support. Companies show a growing interest in building insights not only on data from within the company\u2019s own boundaries, but also from collaborators and other actors in the market. While the topic of data and information sharing has been the focus of previous works, there has been a lack of studies focusing on practical implementations in the supply chain domain. Our aim is to conduct a technical feasibility study of data sharing in supply chain management. We analyze the requirements for cross-company data sharing in supply chains, and discuss existing technologies that enable such collaboration. We apply a distributed analytics framework that has already been implemented in the healthcare domain to a simulated use case of key performance indicator (KPI) exchange between supply chain actors. We find that the application is able to compute and exchange KPIs from the simulated companies\u2019 datasets without requiring centralization of the databases. Furthermore, we find that the framework supports integration of data quality assessment and privacy preservation mechanisms. The application thus yields promising results with regard to technical feasibility. Factors that may facilitate scalability are discussed as directions for future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13060418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T09:47:34Z","timestamp":1748512054000},"page":"418","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cross-Company Data Sharing Using Distributed Analytics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5975-0031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soo-Yon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Data Stream Management and Analysis, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7210-4009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefanie","family":"Berninger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Industrial Management at RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9801-0300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Max","family":"Kocher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Data Stream Management and Analysis, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8622-5188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Perau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Industrial Management at RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8970-6282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Geisler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Data Stream Management and Analysis, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroecorev.2024.104674","article-title":"COVID-19 Supply Chain Disruptions","volume":"162","author":"Meier","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. Econ. Rev."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106022","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2019.106022","article-title":"Special issue: Data-driven decision making in supply chains","volume":"139","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.protcy.2013.12.194","article-title":"Information Sharing in Supply Chain Management","volume":"11","author":"Lotfi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Procedia Technol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.3139\/104.112396","article-title":"Data Sharing im Supply-Chain-Management","volume":"115","author":"Linnartz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Z. Wirtsch. Fabr."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Alicke, K., Rexhausen, D., and Seyfert, A. (2017). Supply Chain 4.0 in Consumer Goods, McKinsey & Company."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1504\/IJMTM.2000.001329","article-title":"Information sharing in a supply chain","volume":"1","author":"Lee","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int. J. Manuf. Technol. Manag."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jom.2007.01.009","article-title":"Supply chain practice and information sharing","volume":"25","author":"Zhou","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Oper. Manag."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5121\/ijdms.2019.11301","article-title":"Bridging data silos using big data integration","volume":"11","author":"Patel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Database Manag. Syst."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scerri, S., Tuikka, T., de Vallejo, I.L., and Curry, E. (2022). Common European Data Spaces: Challenges and Opportunities. Data Spaces: Design, Deployment and Future Directions, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-98636-0_16"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"055","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1641216","article-title":"Between access and privacy: Challenges in sharing health data","volume":"27","author":"Malin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Yearb. Med. Inform."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2012.06.258","article-title":"Information Sharing in Supply Chains: An Overview","volume":"38","author":"Kumar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Procedia Eng."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1007\/s10115-018-1323-6","article-title":"Investigations into data ecosystems: A systematic mapping study","volume":"61","author":"Oliveira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Knowl. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"1","article-title":"Knowledge-Driven Data Ecosystems Toward Data Transparency","volume":"14","author":"Geisler","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Data Inf. Qual."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neugebauer, R. (2019). International Data Spaces. Digital Transformation, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-58134-6"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1109\/MNET.2021.9387709","article-title":"The Road to European Digital Sovereignty with Gaia-X and IDSA","volume":"35","author":"Braud","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Netw."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1740564","article-title":"A Privacy-Preserving Distributed Analytics Platform for Health Care Data","volume":"61","author":"Welten","year":"2022","journal-title":"Methods Inf. Med."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1162\/dint_a_00032","article-title":"Distributed Analytics on Sensitive Medical Data: The Personal Health Train","volume":"2","author":"Beyan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Data Intell."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matpr.2017.01.126","article-title":"Application of big data in supply chain management","volume":"4","author":"Jain","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater. Today Proc."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2018.04.013","article-title":"Barriers to big data analytics in manufacturing supply chains: A case study from Bangladesh","volume":"128","author":"Moktadir","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saenz, M.J., Ubaghs, E., and Cuevas, A.I. (2014). Vertical Collaboration and Horizontal Collaboration in Supply Chain. Enabling Horizontal Collaboration Through Continuous Relational Learning, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-08093-2"},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Bj\u00f6rnfot, A., Torjussen, L., and Erikshammar, J. (2011, January 13\u201315). Horizontal supply chain collaboration in Swedish and Norwegian sme networks. Proceedings of the 19th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction 2011, IGLC 2011, Lima, Peru."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Hemmrich, S., Sch\u00e4fer, J., Hansmeier, P., and Beverungen, D. (2024, January 3\u20136). The Value of Reputation Systems in Business Contexts\u2014A Qualitative Study Taking the View of Buyers. Proceedings of the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences 2024 (HICSS-57), Honolulu, HI, USA. Available online: https:\/\/scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu\/items\/0405ff3b-a6c5-4f57-8d91-0c05d23a37e9."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Indulska, M., Reinhartz-Berger, I., Cetina, C., and Pastor, O. (2023). Designing Secure and Privacy-Preserving Information Systems for Industry Benchmarking. Proceedings of the Advanced Information Systems Engineering, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-34560-9"},{"key":"ref_24","unstructured":"Gelhaar, J., G\u00fcrpinar, T., Henke, M., and Otto, B. (2021, January 12\u201314). Towards a Taxonomy of Incentive Mechanisms for Data Sharing in Data Ecosystems. Proceedings of the Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems (PACIS), Virtual."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1108\/02635570110386625","article-title":"Benefits of information sharing with supply chain partnerships","volume":"101","author":"Yu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ind. Manag. Data Syst."},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"European Parliament (2024, December 09). Boosting Data Sharing in the EU: What Are the Benefits?. Available online: https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/topics\/en\/article\/20220331STO26411\/boosting-data-sharing-in-the-eu-what-are-the-benefits."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"Paja, E., Jarke, M., Otto, B., and Piller, F.T. (2020). 4.3 The Business of Data Ecosystems. Dagstuhl Seminar 19411 Social Agents for Teamwork and Group Interactions, Schloss Dagstuhl."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1108\/13598540210436586","article-title":"Supplier selection problem: A comparison of the total cost of ownership and analytic hierarchy process approaches","volume":"7","author":"Bhutta","year":"2002","journal-title":"Supply Chain. Manag. Int. J."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"153","article-title":"The effect of supplier selection, supplier development and information sharing on SME\u2019s business performance in sedibeng","volume":"12","author":"Ntshingila","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Econ. Financ. Stud."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-013-4955-4","article-title":"An exploration of green supply chain practices and performances in an automotive industry","volume":"68","author":"Diabat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1108\/JAMR-12-2019-0218","article-title":"What is the value of delivering on time?","volume":"17","author":"Niemi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Adv. Manag. Res."},{"key":"ref_32","first-page":"243","article-title":"A survey of privacy-aware supply chain collaboration: From theory to applications","volume":"28","author":"Hong","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bugliesi, M., Preneel, B., Sassone, V., and Wegener, I. (2006). Differential Privacy. Proceedings of the Automata, Languages and Programming, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/11787006"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pennekamp, J., Alder, F., Matzutt, R., Muhlberg, J.T., Piessens, F., and Wehrle, K. (July, January 29). Secure End-to-End Sensing in Supply Chains. Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE Conference on Communications and Network Security (CNS), Virtual.","DOI":"10.1109\/CNS48642.2020.9162337"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sch\u00f6nle, D., Wallis, K., Stodt, J., Reich, C., Welte, D., and Sikora, A. (2021). Industry use cases on blockchain technology. Industry Use Cases on Blockchain Technology Applications in IoT and the Financial Sector, IGI Global.","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-7998-6650-3.ch011"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-financial-110921-022806","article-title":"Smart Contracts and Decentralized Finance","volume":"15","author":"John","year":"2023","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Financ. Econ."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Otto, B., ten Hompel, M., and Wrobel, S. (2022). International Data Spaces in a Nutshell. Designing Data Spaces: The Ecosystem Approach to Competitive Advantage, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-93975-5"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160018","DOI":"10.1038\/sdata.2016.18","article-title":"The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship","volume":"3","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Data"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Otto, B., and \u00d6sterle, H. (2016). Datenqualit\u00e4t\u2014Eine Managementaufgabe. Corporate Data Quality: Voraussetzung Erfolgreicher Gesch\u00e4ftsmodelle, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-46806-7_1"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koppelaar, R.H.E.M., Pamidi, S., Haj\u00f3si, E., Herreras, L., Leroy, P., Jung, H.Y., Concheso, A., Daniel, R., Francisco, F.B., and Parrado, C. (2023). A Digital Product Passport for Critical Raw Materials Reuse and Recycling. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su15021405"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1515\/zwf-2022-1167","article-title":"Unternehmens\u00fcbergreifendes Datenqualit\u00e4tsmanagement: Entwicklung eines Rahmenwerks zur Analyse der Stammdatenqualit\u00e4t in Kunden-Lieferanten-Beziehungen","volume":"117","author":"Linnartz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Z. Wirtsch. Fabr."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106854","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2020.106854","article-title":"A review of applications in federated learning","volume":"149","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-024-03450-6","article-title":"A study on interoperability between two Personal Health Train infrastructures in leukodystrophy data analysis","volume":"11","author":"Welten","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Data"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Boukhers, Z., Bleier, A., Yediel, Y.U., Hienstorfer-Heitmann, M., Jaberansary, M., Welten, S., Koumpis, A., and Beyan, O. (2023, January 26\u201330). PADME-SoSci: A Platform for Analytics and Distributed Machine Learning for the Social Sciences. Proceedings of the 2023 ACM\/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (JCDL), Santa Fe, NM, USA.","DOI":"10.1109\/JCDL57899.2023.00047"},{"key":"ref_45","unstructured":"Logistik, T. (2001). Logistic Indicators for Procurement, Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI). Technical Report VDI 4400 Blatt 1."},{"key":"ref_46","unstructured":"Jugl, M., Welten, S., Mou, Y., Yediel, Y.U., Beyan, O.D., Sax, U., and Kirsten, T. (2023). Privacy-Preserving Linkage of Distributed Datasets using the Personal Health Train. arXiv."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218488502001648","article-title":"k-anonymity: A model for protecting privacy","volume":"10","author":"Sweeney","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Uncertain. Fuzziness Knowl. Based Syst."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1145\/1217299.1217302","article-title":"l-diversity: Privacy beyond k-anonymity","volume":"1","author":"Machanavajjhala","year":"2007","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Knowl. Discov. Data (TKDD)"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tirpitz, L. (2024, January 25\u201328). Towards FAIR Data Stream Processing Ecosystems. Proceedings of the 18th ACM International Conference on Distributed and Event-Based Systems, Lyon, France.","DOI":"10.1145\/3629104.3672434"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dustdar, S., Yu, E., Salinesi, C., Rieu, D., and Pant, V. (2020). Data Sovereignty and the Internet of Production. Proceedings of the Advanced Information Systems Engineering, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-49435-3"}],"container-title":["Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-8954\/13\/6\/418\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:43:09Z","timestamp":1760031789000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-8954\/13\/6\/418"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["systems13060418"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/systems13060418","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-8954"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2079-8954","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]]}}}