{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T23:17:26Z","timestamp":1783034246100,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748908800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YJS050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YJS050"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Current technological innovation in mega projects faces the problem of mismatch between supply and demand, where technology demand-side entities struggle to translate engineering problems into precise scientific research language, while technology supply-side entities fail to capture authentic scenario parameters from engineering sites. This study employs an evolutionary game model to thoroughly investigate behavioral interaction processes among governance entities, demand-side entities, and intermediary collaborative innovation platforms during technological innovation supply\u2013demand matching. By constructing and deriving a tripartite evolutionary game model, this research analyzes the impacts of initial states, the matching effort coefficient, the innovation risk coefficient, and other factors on the evolution of scientific technological innovation supply\u2013demand matching. Additionally, this study simulates the dynamic evolutionary processes of strategic selection. The findings reveal that the initial states of the three parties do not influence behavioral evolution. Furthermore, the subsidy coefficient, additional benefits, and risk coefficient emerge as the most significant parameters affecting tripartite strategy selection. The research outcomes and managerial implications provide crucial reference value for enhancing the alignment between scientific research supply and demand in mega projects, thereby promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in major railway engineering projects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13060434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T03:57:34Z","timestamp":1749009454000},"page":"434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Study on the Technological Innovation Supply\u2013Demand Matching Mechanism for Major Railway Projects Based on a Tripartite Evolutionary Game"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9002-203X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianyi","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Law School, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.2307\/41166482","article-title":"Innovation in Megaprojects: Systems Integration at London Heathrow Terminal 5","volume":"51","author":"Davies","year":"2009","journal-title":"Calif. 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