{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T16:18:03Z","timestamp":1780503483810,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Jiangxi Provincial Social Science Youth Foundation","award":["24GL68D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24GL68D"]}]},{"name":"Jiangxi Provincial Social Science Youth Foundation","award":["GJJ2200829"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GJJ2200829"]}]},{"name":"Education Department of Jiangxi Province","award":["24GL68D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24GL68D"]}]},{"name":"Education Department of Jiangxi Province","award":["GJJ2200829"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GJJ2200829"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Emergency material suppliers serve as a critical component within emergency logistics systems, with their capabilities directly influencing operational efficiency. To identify suppliers with comprehensive capabilities, this study establishes an evaluation index system encompassing four key dimensions: emergency resilience, logistics costs, material quality, and supplier internal conditions. The methodology integrates subjective weights derived from the G1 method and objective weights calculated by entropy weighting, subsequently employing game theory to reconcile conflicts between weighting methods and determine comprehensive weights. The TOPSIS method is applied to identify optimal suppliers through relative approximation comparisons. A case study demonstrates the model\u2019s effectiveness, with comparative analysis against AHP and traditional combination weighting methods revealing distinct advantages: under information distortion conditions, the game theory combination weighting exhibits significantly lower weight fluctuations (0.00018) compared to the additive synthesis (0.00044) and multiplicative synthesis methods (0.000503). This evidence confirms that game theory not only demonstrates superior stability and adaptability for emergency evaluations but also effectively balances weight conflicts, yielding more rational assessment outcomes. The research findings validate the practical utility of this game theory\u2013TOPSIS integrated evaluation model, providing valuable decision support for emergency management professionals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13060493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T09:57:48Z","timestamp":1750327068000},"page":"493","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Evaluation Model for Emergency Material Suppliers in Emergency Logistics Systems Based on Game Theory\u2013TOPSIS Method"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Lihao","family":"Lei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songtao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxian","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linhong","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Civil and Surveying Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3857-542X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qian","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1301","article-title":"Emergency transportation planning in disaster relief supply chain management: A cooperative fuzzy optimization approach","volume":"17","author":"Zheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Soft Comput. Fusion Found. Methodol. Appl."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"287","article-title":"Supplier selection and pre-positioning strategy in humanitarian relief: A case study","volume":"83","author":"Dong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Omega"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, H., Yang, J., and Xiang, Z. (2022). A Fuzzy Linguistic Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach to Assess Emergency Suppliers. Sustainability, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/su142013114"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1023\/B:ANOR.0000030690.27939.39","article-title":"Emergency Logistics Planning in Natural Disasters","volume":"129","author":"Ekinci","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. OR"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"74","article-title":"Construction of evaluation index system for emergency logistics service providers","volume":"40","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Logist. Technol."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"39","article-title":"Evaluation and selection under a fuzzy environment: A case study","volume":"5","author":"Qureshi","year":"2008","journal-title":"ICFAI J. Supply Chain. Manag."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"10","article-title":"Evaluation of emergency material suppliers based on BP neural network","volume":"43","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Logist. Eng. Manag."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2011.11.036","article-title":"Evaluating suppliers via a multiple levels multiple criteria decision making method under fuzzy environment","volume":"62","author":"Chu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2022.104679","article-title":"SF-GRA method based on cumulative prospect theory for multiple attribute group decision making and its application to emergency supplies supplier selection","volume":"110","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eng. Appl. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"18","article-title":"Third party logistics supplier selection based on information entropy and grey situation decision","volume":"10","author":"Yin","year":"2010","journal-title":"China Mark."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"165","article-title":"Research on Evaluation and selection of emergency logistics suppliers based on combination weighting method","volume":"57","author":"Shen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Shanxi Agric. Sci."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1108\/K-06-2016-0132","article-title":"A group decision-making model based on distance-based VIKOR with incomplete heterogeneous information and its application to emergency supplier selection","volume":"46","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"530","article-title":"Two-stage hybrid model for supplier selection and order allocation considering cyber risk","volume":"61","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"INFOR Inf. Syst. Oper. Res."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3057","DOI":"10.1007\/s40815-022-01250-x","article-title":"Research on Green Supplier Selection Based on Hesitant Fuzzy Set and Extended LINMAP Method","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Fuzzy Syst."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"237","article-title":"Research on emergency supplier selection method based on interval q-order orthogonal fuzzy sets","volume":"21","author":"Gao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Digit. Manuf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.3390\/e25040702","article-title":"Extended Multicriteria Group Decision Making with a Novel Aggregation Operator for Emergency Material Supplier Selection","volume":"25","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Entropy"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"217","article-title":"Comprehensive evaluation of emergency logistics suppliers based on TOPSIS method","volume":"34","author":"Haung","year":"2024","journal-title":"Saf. Sci. J."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, H., Kang, Q., Zou, Y., Yu, S., Ke, Y., and Peng, P. (2023). Research on Comprehensive Evaluation Model of Metal Mine Emergency Rescue System Based on Game Theory and Regret Theory. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su151410879"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.3390\/en14010246","article-title":"Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Distributed Energy System Based on Order Relation-Anti-Entropy Weight Method","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Energies"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7275","DOI":"10.3390\/su14127275","article-title":"Fire Risk Assessment of Subway Stations Based on Combination Weighting of Game Theory and TOPSIS Method","volume":"14","author":"Ju","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"45","article-title":"Evaluation of emergency logistics suppliers based on grey entropy model","volume":"3","author":"Shang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stat. Decis. Mak."}],"container-title":["Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-8954\/13\/6\/493\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:55:13Z","timestamp":1760032513000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-8954\/13\/6\/493"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["systems13060493"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/systems13060493","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-8954"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2079-8954","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]]}}}