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China is a major tin manufacturer and consumer worldwide. Nonetheless, the crucial characteristics of its tin metabolism remain limited. Therefore, a dynamic material flow analysis (MFA) from 2001 to 2022 was performed in this study to trace China\u2019s tin flows and stocks. Findings show that China became a net tin exporter from a life cycle perspective, and annual tin consumption embodied in various final products varied between 49.3 kilo tons (Kt) in 2001 and 161.5 Kt in 2022, with home appliances and electronics being the dominant consumption sectors. A total of 913.3 Kt of tin became in-use stocks. In addition, the imported tin embodied in various final products varied between 13.9 Kt in 2001 and 21.6 Kt in 2022, with machinery being the dominant consumption sector. The exported tin embodied in various final products varied between 12.0 Kt in 2001 and 76.3 Kt in 2022, with machinery being the dominant consumption sector. Finally, this study proposes some suggestions, in view of the Chinese reality, like enhancing tin recycling, promoting tin geological prospecting, optimizing the structure of the tin trade, and promoting regional cooperation, to improve the supply security of tin resources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13080622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T16:04:51Z","timestamp":1753286691000},"page":"622","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Tracing the Tin Flows and Stocks in China: A Dynamic Material Flow Analysis from 2001 to 2022"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4153-9873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China"},{"name":"Antai College of Economics & Management, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lulu","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7855-4941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziyan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2284-1375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Geng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2018.05.041","article-title":"Material bottlenecks in the future development of green technologies","volume":"93","author":"Valero","year":"2018","journal-title":"Renew. 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