{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:39:11Z","timestamp":1760060351445,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755561600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","award":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo City, China","award":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang","award":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"]}]},{"name":"National \u201c111\u201d Center on Safety and Intelligent Operation of Sea Bridge","award":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","award":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"]}]},{"name":"Specific Research Project of Guangxi for Research Bases and Talents","award":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"]}]},{"name":"Guilin Key R&amp;D Program","award":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"]}]},{"name":"Liuzhou Key R&amp;D Program","award":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MS25E080023","2024J130","SJLY2023009","D21013","71971059","52262047","52302388","52272334","61963011","BK20230853","AD20159035","20210214-1","2022AAA0103"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study addresses the critical challenge of emergency material distribution during atypical public health crises, using the COVID-19 pandemic in Hubei Province as a representative case. An innovative internal\u2013external coupled dispatching framework is proposed by integrating regional medical resource allocation with cross-regional supply chain networks. Our methodology employs the SEIR epidemiological model to forecast infection rates and corresponding material demands, then incorporates bidirectional dispatching efficiency as a key determinant of demand urgency. Through systematic risk stratification of affected areas, we develop a dual-objective optimization model that simultaneously minimizes logistical time and cost, solved by the NSGA-II algorithm. The results demonstrate that the internal\u2013external coupled emergency material dispatching approach significantly enhances demand satisfaction in affected regions and improves overall dispatching effectiveness. This study offers practical recommendations and valuable references for emergency material dispatching during public health crises.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13080714","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]],"date-time":"2025-08-19T11:41:41Z","timestamp":1755603701000},"page":"714","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An Optimization Model of Coupled Medical Material Dispatching Inside and Outside Epidemic Areas Considering Comprehensive Satisfaction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6303-124X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Maritime and Transportation, Ningbo University, Fenghua Road 818#, Ningbo 315211, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8795-4955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaofei","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Maritime and Transportation, Ningbo University, Fenghua Road 818#, Ningbo 315211, China"}]},{"given":"Shuyi","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Maritime and Transportation, Ningbo University, Fenghua Road 818#, Ningbo 315211, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0858-1482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xingchen","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Nanijng Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Architecture and Transportation, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Jiniji Road 1#, Guilin 541004, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2360-3712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China"}]},{"given":"Pengjun","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Maritime and Transportation, Ningbo University, Fenghua Road 818#, Ningbo 315211, China"}]},{"given":"Rongjun","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Maritime and Transportation, Ningbo University, Fenghua Road 818#, Ningbo 315211, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.1050.0135","article-title":"An Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search Heuristic for the Pickup and Delivery Problem with Time Windows","volume":"40","author":"Ropke","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transp. 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