{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T08:25:56Z","timestamp":1774340756576,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]],"date-time":"2025-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Program for Research of the National Association of Technical Universities\u2014GNAC ARUT 2023","award":["168\/04.12.2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["168\/04.12.2023"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>As automation technologies continue to advance within the automotive industry, urban road traffic is gradually shifting from conventional driving toward fully autonomous. This transition is supported by the progressive integration of partially automated functions, such as Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) and lane-keeping assistance, which are already implemented in commercial vehicles and increasingly affect both individual driving behavior and overall traffic flow dynamics. The main purpose of this research is to evaluate the impact of automated vehicles presence in a complex signalized intersection under mixed traffic conditions, considering different penetration rates and demand levels. A review of previous modeling approaches from the literature was conducted, highlighting critical aspects to be considered in the design and simulation of road traffic. Field traffic data were collected and used as input for a microsimulation model developed in AIMSUN. A base scenario and a 20% growth scenario were analyzed to assess the impact of AV-ACC penetration, varying the AV-ACC\u2019s rates in traffic composition. The results indicate that increased AV-ACC penetration rates, especially beyond 50%, contribute significantly to improving traffic stability and efficiency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13090751","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T13:01:13Z","timestamp":1756818073000},"page":"751","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluating the Impact of Automated Vehicle Penetration on Intersection Traffic Flow: A Microsimulation-Based Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6416-4512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mircea Augustin","family":"Rosca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Transport Faculty, National University for Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Spl Independentei, No 313, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2602-2534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Floriana Cristina","family":"Oprea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transport Faculty, National University for Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Spl Independentei, No 313, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vasile","family":"Dragu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transport Faculty, National University for Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Spl Independentei, No 313, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4063-7909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oana Maria","family":"Dinu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transport Faculty, National University for Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Spl Independentei, No 313, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilona","family":"Costea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transport Faculty, National University for Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Spl Independentei, No 313, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9328-1152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Burciu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transport Faculty, National University for Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Spl Independentei, No 313, RO-060042 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"88","article-title":"Smart mobility and public transport: Opportunities and challenges in rural and urban areas","volume":"7","author":"Porru","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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