{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T15:09:31Z","timestamp":1782832171733,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]],"date-time":"2025-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The selection of the most economically advantageous tender (MEAT) in public procurement procedures requires transparent evaluation systems capable of integrating heterogeneous criteria, including qualitative ones, to reconcile quality and cost. This systematic review analyzes 74 studies published between 1998 and 2023 to explore the application of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) methods in public construction procurement. The vast majority of MCDA applications focus on the award phase, with constant growth over the last 10 years. However, applications in the prequalification and verification phases are much less frequent and remain under-represented. Geographically, Europe is the most active area in terms of publications, followed by China and some countries in the Asia-Pacific area. In these regions, MCDA has been employed more systematically over time, while in other areas (e.g., Africa, Latin America), applications are sporadic or absent. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is confirmed as the most widely used technique. Emerging techniques (such as BWM, MABAC, EDAS, VIKOR, advanced TOPSIS) show greater computational rigor and in some cases better theoretical properties, but are less used due to complexity, less practical familiarity and the lack of accessible software tools. The operationalization of environmental and social criteria is still poorly standardized: clear indications on metrics, measurement scales and data sources are often lacking. In most cases, the criteria are treated in a generic or qualitative way, without common standards. Furthermore, the use of sensitivity analyses and procedures for aggregating judgments between evaluators is limited, with a consequent risk of poor robustness and transparency in the evaluation. In order to consider proposing a framework or guidelines based on the review findings, a six-step operational framework that connects selection of criteria and their operationalization, choice of method based on the context, robustness checks and standard minimum reporting, with clear assignment of roles and deliverables, is provided. The framework summarizes and makes the review evidence applicable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13090777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T07:46:17Z","timestamp":1757058377000},"page":"777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Structuring Multi-Criteria Decision Approaches for Public Procurement: Methods, Standards and Applications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6235-3440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Debora","family":"Anelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Architecture and Design, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Flaminia 359, 00196 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8049-1206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierluigi","family":"Morano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Polytechnic University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9036-3138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiziana","family":"Acquafredda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil, Environmental, Land, Building Engineering and Chemistry, Polytechnic University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2011-1950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Tajani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Architecture and Design, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Flaminia 359, 00196 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anelli, D., and Sica, F. (2020). The financial feasibility analysis of urban transformation projects: An application of a quick assessment model. International Symposium: New Metropolitan Perspectives, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-48279-4_44"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morano, P., Tajani, F., Di Liddo, F., and Anelli, D. (2020). A feasibility analysis of the refurbishment investments in the Italian residential market. Sustainability, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/su12062503"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Banca D\u2019Italia (2023, November 11). Questioni di Economia e Finanza, No. 659. Available online: https:\/\/www.bancaditalia.it\/pubblicazioni\/qef\/2021-0659\/QEF_659_21.pdf."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pursup.2013.02.003","article-title":"Tender evaluation and supplier selection methods in public procurement","volume":"19","author":"Bergman","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Purch. Supply Manag."},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Hughes, M. (2005). Evaluation of the Local Government Procurement Agenda\u2013Baseline Survey Report, The Office of the Deputy Prime Minister."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"779","article-title":"Multi-criteria decision making: A systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Azhar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Recent Adv. Electr. Electron. Eng."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"801","article-title":"A review of multi-criteria decision making techniques for supplier evaluation and selection","volume":"2","author":"Agarwal","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Ind. Eng. Comput."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21582440241297400","DOI":"10.1177\/21582440241297400","article-title":"Worldwide Trends in Public Procurement Efficiency Studies Under the Lens of Award Criteria","volume":"14","year":"2024","journal-title":"SAGE Open"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"257","article-title":"Multi-criteria selection or lowest price? Investigation of UK construction clients\u2019 tender evaluation preferences","volume":"8","author":"Wong","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eng. Constr. Archit. Manag."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2014.05.013","article-title":"A review of application of multi-criteria decision making methods in construction","volume":"45","year":"2014","journal-title":"Autom. Constr."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Antoniou, F. (2021). Delay Risk Assessment Models for Road Projects. Systems, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/systems9030070"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oliveira, R.A.F., Lopes, J.P., and Abreu, M.I. (2021). Sustainability Perspective to Support Decision Making in Structural Retrofitting of Buildings: A Case Study. Systems, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/systems9040078"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kalogeraki, M., and Antoniou, F. (2021). Improving Risk Assessment for Transporting Dangerous Goods through European Road Tunnels: A Delphi Study. Systems, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/systems9040080"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"467","article-title":"Chapter 11: Scoping reviews","volume":"Volume 169","author":"Peters","year":"2020","journal-title":"JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","article-title":"The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data","volume":"33","author":"Landis","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.12360","article-title":"Cognitive and motivational biases in decision and risk analysis","volume":"35","author":"Montibeller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Risk Anal."},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"ANAC (2023, October 10). Guidelines No. 2\u2014Identifying the Methods for Determining the Remuneration for the Assignment of Professional Services, as well as the Criteria for Remunerating Professional Performances. Available online: https:\/\/www.anticorruzione.it\/-\/linee-guida-n.-2."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-1323(97)00016-4","article-title":"Contractor selection using multicriteria utility theory: An additive model","volume":"33","author":"Hatush","year":"1998","journal-title":"Build. Environ."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2012.04.004","article-title":"A fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making model for construction contractor prequalification","volume":"25","year":"2012","journal-title":"Autom. Constr."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2018.04.105","article-title":"An integrated model for solving problems in green supplier selection and order allocation","volume":"190","author":"Lo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ek, K., Mathern, A., Rempling, R., Ros\u00e9n, L., Claeson-Jonsson, C., Brinkhoff, P., and Norin, M. (2019, January 27\u201329). Multi-criteria decision analysis methods to support sustainable infrastructure construction. Proceedings of the IABSE Symposium, Guimaraes, Portugal.","DOI":"10.2749\/guimaraes.2019.1084"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"V\u00e1zquez-Rowe, I., C\u00f3rdova-Arias, C., Brioso, X., and Santa-Cruz, S. (2021). A method to include life cycle assessment results in choosing by advantage (CBA) multicriteria decision analysis. A case study for seismic retrofit in peruvian primary schools. Sustainability, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/su13158139"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u0160tili\u0107, A., Pu\u0161ka, A., Bo\u017eani\u0107, D., and Te\u0161i\u0107, D. (2023). Multi-Criteria Decision-Making in Public Procurement: An Empirical Study of Contractor Selection for Landslide Rehabilitation. Information, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/info14070357"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-0483(02)00029-4","article-title":"Facilitating Bid Evaluation in Public Call for Tenders: A Socio-Technical Approach","volume":"30","author":"Correa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Omega"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3639","DOI":"10.1007\/s12652-019-01564-z","article-title":"Bid evaluation decision for major project based on analytic hierarchy process and data envelopment analysis cross-efficiency model","volume":"11","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Ambient. Intell. Humaniz. Comput."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2008.12.013","article-title":"Post-objective determination of weights of the evaluation factors in public procurement tenders","volume":"200","author":"Lorentziadis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1108\/eb021121","article-title":"Neural network model for contractors\u2019 prequalification for local authority projects","volume":"6","author":"Khosrowshahi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eng. Constr. Archit. Manag."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dss.2011.02.010","article-title":"A GIS-based multicriteria spatial decision support system for planning urban infrastructures","volume":"51","author":"Antunes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Decis. Support Syst."},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"195","article-title":"Multi-attribute assessment of road design solutions by using the COPRAS method","volume":"2","author":"Zavadskas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Balt. J. Road Bridge Eng."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.3846\/13923730.2011.582380","article-title":"Owner preferences regarding renovation measures\u2013the demonstration of using multi-criteria decision making","volume":"17","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Civ. Eng. Manag."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rogulj, K., Jajac, N., and Batini\u0107, K. (2023). Flat Roofs Renovation Planning on Public Buildings Using Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Analysis. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su15076280"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2012.01.010","article-title":"Product-cost modelling approach for the development of a decision support system for optimal roofing material selection","volume":"39","author":"Rahman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0263-7863(99)00038-1","article-title":"Application of the AHP in project management","volume":"19","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Proj. Manag."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50372","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2868374","article-title":"A hybrid MCDM approach for large group green supplier selection with uncertain linguistic information","volume":"6","author":"Quan","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1007\/s10668-018-0261-5","article-title":"Sustainable outsourcing partner selection and evaluation using an integrated BWM\u2013VIKOR framework","volume":"22","author":"Garg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Dev. Sustain."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eiar.2021.106581","article-title":"An integrated method for the assessment of social sustainability in public-works procurement","volume":"89","author":"Pellicer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Impact Assess. Rev."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1007\/s42107-021-00381-0","article-title":"Using AHP to prioritize the corruption risk practices in the Iraqi construction sector","volume":"22","author":"Alani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asian J. Civ. Eng."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2008.01.010","article-title":"Using the analytic hierarchy process to rank foreign suppliers based on supply risks","volume":"55","author":"Levary","year":"2008","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1515\/ethemes-2016-0006","article-title":"Application of multi-criteria analysis in the public procurement process optimization","volume":"54","year":"2016","journal-title":"Econ. Themes"},{"key":"ref_41","first-page":"333","article-title":"An AHP model for construction contractor prequalification","volume":"6","author":"Anagnostopoulos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Oper. Res."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.proeng.2017.07.202","article-title":"A multi-criteria decision model for construction material supplier selection","volume":"196","author":"Cengiz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Procedia Eng."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2010.04.029","article-title":"A fuzzy multicriteria approach for evaluating environmental performance of suppliers","volume":"126","author":"Awasthi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eiar.2022.106844","article-title":"Assessing social performance of construction companies in public works procurement: Data envelopment analysis based on the benefit of the doubt approach","volume":"96","author":"Pellicer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ. Impact Assess. Rev."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"062003","DOI":"10.1088\/1757-899X\/245\/6\/062003","article-title":"Analysis of criteria influencing contractor selection using TOPSIS method","volume":"Volume 245","author":"Alptekin","year":"2017","journal-title":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering"},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"29","article-title":"A multi-criteria approach to contractor selection","volume":"9","author":"Mahdi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eng. Constr. Archit. Manag."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1080\/01446193.2022.2030063","article-title":"Raising risk awareness in multi-criteria design decisions for integrated design and construction tenders","volume":"40","author":"Hartmann","year":"2022","journal-title":"Constr. Manag. Econ."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000488","article-title":"Contractor selection using multicriteria decision-making methods","volume":"138","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Constr. Eng. Manag."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1057\/jors.2010.13","article-title":"An ANP- and AHP-based approach for weighting criteria in public works bidding","volume":"61","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Oper. Res. Soc."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2005.08.002","article-title":"The use of time and cost utility for construction contract award under European Union Legislation","volume":"42","author":"Lambropoulos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Build. Environ."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.3846\/jcem.2019.8656","article-title":"Solving construction project selection problem by a new uncertain weighting and ranking based on compromise solution with linear assignment approach","volume":"25","author":"Davoudabadi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Civ. Eng. Manag."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2012.02.024","article-title":"An integrated model for supplier selection under a fuzzy situation","volume":"138","author":"Lin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Econ."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fung, R.Y., and Wong, C.F. (2001). Supplier Environmental Performance Evaluation Using AHP, City University of Hong Kong.","DOI":"10.13033\/isahp.y2001.064"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.istruc.2020.05.049","article-title":"Evaluation and selection of construction projects based on risk analysis","volume":"Volume 27","author":"Issa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Structures"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2003.09.009","article-title":"A decision model proposal for construction contractor selection in Turkey","volume":"39","author":"Topcu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Build. Environ."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9364(2002)128:1(76)","article-title":"SIM-UTILITY: Model for project ceiling price determination","volume":"128","author":"Wang","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Constr. Eng. Manag."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/S0263-7863(00)00020-X","article-title":"Multi-criteria assessment of the probability of winning in the competitive bidding process","volume":"19","author":"Cagno","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int. J. Proj. Manag."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2016.06.125","article-title":"A supplier selection life cycle approach integrating traditional and environmental criteria using the best worst method","volume":"135","author":"Rezaei","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mukherjee, K., Sarkar, B., and Bhattacharjya, A. (2009, January 6\u20139). Supplier\u2019s selection strategy for mass customization. Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computers & Industrial Engineering, Troyes, France.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCIE.2009.5223861"},{"key":"ref_60","first-page":"2319","article-title":"Efficient contractor selection and bid evaluation methods for construction industry in India","volume":"4","author":"Puri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Sci. Res."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Erdogan, S.A., \u0160aparauskas, J., and Turskis, Z. (2019). A multi-criteria decision-making model to choose the best option for sustainable construction management. Sustainability, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/su11082239"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1007\/s42524-020-0119-z","article-title":"Tender evaluation through efficiency analysis for public construction contracts","volume":"9","author":"Niewerth","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Eng. Manag."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1080\/01446190150505108","article-title":"A fuzzy neural network approach for contractor prequalification","volume":"19","author":"Lam","year":"2001","journal-title":"Constr. Manag. Econ."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acme.2012.06.015","article-title":"Evaluating the construction methods of cold-formed steel structures in reconstructing the areas damaged in natural crises, using the methods AHP and COPRAS-G","volume":"12","author":"Bitarafan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch. Civ. Mech. Eng."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1504\/EJIE.2009.023604","article-title":"Contractor selection in government procurement auctions: A case study","volume":"3","author":"Padhi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2023.119624","article-title":"Hybrid MCDM and simulation-optimization for strategic supplier selection","volume":"219","author":"Saputro","year":"2023","journal-title":"Expert Syst. Appl."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8667.2007.00480.x","article-title":"Integration of simulation-based cost model and multi-criteria evaluation model for bid price decisions","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Comput.-Aided Civ. Infrastruct. Eng."},{"key":"ref_68","first-page":"151","article-title":"Multiple criteria models for evaluation of competitive bids","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2000","journal-title":"IMA J. Manag. Math."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1080\/0144619032000065090","article-title":"TenSeM: A multicriteria and multidecision-makers\u2019 model in tender evaluation","volume":"21","author":"Pongpeng","year":"2003","journal-title":"Constr. Manag. Econ."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1108\/JEIM-09-2019-0294","article-title":"An integrated decision-making model for supplier evaluation in public healthcare system: The case study of a Spanish hospital","volume":"33","author":"Yazdani","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Enterp. Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_71","first-page":"1279","article-title":"Weighted analysis on evaluation criteria of the most advantageous bid","volume":"2","author":"Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Eng. Res."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bakshi, T., Sinharay, A., Sarkar, B., and Sanyal, S.K. (2011, January 19\u201321). MCDM based project selection by F-AHP & VIKOR. Proceedings of the Swarm, Evolutionary, and Memetic Computing: Second International Conference, SEMCCO 2011, Visakhapatnam, India. Proceedings, Part I 2.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-27172-4_47"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.3846\/13923730.2012.734851","article-title":"Applying the AHP to support the best-value contractor selection\u2013lessons learned from two case studies in Taiwan","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Civ. Eng. Manag."},{"key":"ref_74","first-page":"1729","article-title":"An integrated VIKOR and fuzzy AHP method for assessing a sustainable research project","volume":"22","author":"Thipparat","year":"2013","journal-title":"World Appl. Sci. J."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1108\/JOPP-05-2018-0020","article-title":"Multicriteria approach to select the most economically advantageous tender: The application of AHP in Italian public procurement","volume":"19","author":"Marcarelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Public Procure."},{"key":"ref_76","unstructured":"Sciancalepore, F., Falagario, M., Constantino, N., and Pietroforte, R. (2011, January 20\u201323). Multi-criteria bid evaluation of public projects. Proceedings of the Management and Innovation for a Sustainable Built Environment MISBE 2011, Amsterdam, The Netherlands."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11771","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-022-07426-9","article-title":"A Multi-criteria approach for public tenders. ELECTRE III and Parsimonious AHP: A comparative study","volume":"26","author":"Fattoruso","year":"2022","journal-title":"Soft Comput."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cheng, M.Y., Yeh, S.H., and Chang, W.C. (2020). Multi-criteria decision making of contractor selection in mass rapid transit station development using bayesian fuzzy prospect model. Sustainability, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/su12114606"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ishizaka, A., and Nemery, P. (2013). Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis: Methods and Software, John Wiley & Sons.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118644898"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2012.11.029","article-title":"Advanced multicriteria models to promote quality and reputation in public construction e-marketplaces","volume":"30","author":"Costa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Autom. Constr."},{"key":"ref_81","first-page":"4887","article-title":"Green public procurement criteria for road infrastructures: State of the art and proposal of a weighted sum multicriteria analysis to assessenvironmental impacts","volume":"17","author":"Moretti","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Eng. Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mati\u0107, B., Jovanovi\u0107, S., Das, D.K., Zavadskas, E.K., Stevi\u0107, \u017d., Sremac, S., and Marinkovi\u0107, M. (2019). A new hybrid MCDM model: Sustainable supplier selection in a construction company. Symmetry, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/sym11030353"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(86)90044-5","article-title":"How to select and how to ran projects. The promethee method","volume":"24","author":"Brans","year":"1986","journal-title":"Eur. J. Oper. Res."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-9236(94)90048-5","article-title":"The PROMCALC & GAIA decision support system for multicriteria decision aid","volume":"12","author":"Brans","year":"1994","journal-title":"Decis. Support Syst."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S1478-4092(03)00032-3","article-title":"Supplier selection using a multi-criteria decision aid method","volume":"9","author":"Dulmin","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Purch. Supply Manag."},{"key":"ref_86","first-page":"313","article-title":"Process innovations for the digitalization of public procurement: Synergies between BIM and multi-criteria analysis","volume":"13","author":"Ermolli","year":"2017","journal-title":"TECHNE-J. Technol. Archit. Environ."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marovi\u0107, I., Peri\u0107, M., and Hanak, T. (2021). A multi-criteria decision support concept for selecting the optimal contractor. Appl. Sci., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/app11041660"},{"key":"ref_88","first-page":"75","article-title":"Multi-attribute utility theory for selecting an appropriate procurement method in the construction projects","volume":"22","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Constr. Dev. Ctries."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcm.2011.06.068","article-title":"An MAGDM based on constrained FAHP and FTOPSIS and its application to supplier selection","volume":"54","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Math. Comput. Model."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1108\/17410390610708526","article-title":"A data envelopment analysis approach based on total cost of ownership for supplier selection","volume":"19","author":"Garfamy","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Enterp. Inf. Manag."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1108\/JOPP-06-2021-0040","article-title":"Choosing the most economically advantageous tender using a multi-criteria decision analysis approach","volume":"22","author":"Lehtonen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Public Procure."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijproman.2004.01.002","article-title":"Fuzzy MCDM approach for planning and design tenders selection in public office buildings","volume":"22","author":"Hsieh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Proj. Manag."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1108\/JOPP-11-03-2011-B005","article-title":"Using fuzzy decision making for supplier selection in public procurement","volume":"11","author":"Costantino","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Public Procure."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2020.106064","article-title":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making techniques for the management of public procurement tenders: A case study","volume":"88","author":"Dotoli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Soft Comput."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1177\/1094428120943288","article-title":"Theorizing through literature reviews: The miner-prospector continuum","volume":"26","author":"Breslin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Organ. Res. Methods"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2016.09.027","article-title":"A scenario-based MCDA framework for wastewater infrastructure planning under uncertainty","volume":"183","author":"Zheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Locurcio, M., Tajani, F., Morano, P., and Anelli, D. (2020). A multi-criteria decision analysis for the assessment of the real estate credit risks. Appraisal and Valuation: Contemporary Issues and New Frontiers, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-49579-4_22"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morano, P., Guarini, M.R., Sica, F., and Anelli, D. (2021). Ecosystem services and land take. A composite indicator for the assessment of sustainable urban projects. International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-86979-3_16"},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anelli, D., and Ranieri, R. (2022). Resilience of complex urban systems: A multicriteria methodology for the construction of an assessment index. International Symposium: New Metropolitan Perspectives, Springer International Publishing.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-06825-6_65"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.48264\/VVSIEV-20223006","article-title":"A multi-criteria composite indicator to support sustainable investment choices in the built environment","volume":"30","author":"Locurcio","year":"2022","journal-title":"Valori E Valutazioni"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.37394\/232015.2022.18.24","article-title":"To rebuild or to refurbish? An analysis of the financial convenience of interventions on urban consolidated contexts","volume":"18","author":"Locurcio","year":"2022","journal-title":"WSEAS Trans. Environ. Dev."}],"container-title":["Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-8954\/13\/9\/777\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:39:41Z","timestamp":1760035181000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-8954\/13\/9\/777"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]]},"references-count":101,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["systems13090777"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/systems13090777","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-8954"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2079-8954","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,4]]}}}