{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T06:05:06Z","timestamp":1761199506363,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Social Science Fund of China","award":["25CSH024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25CSH024"]}]},{"name":"the China Youth and Children Research Association","award":["2025B110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025B110"]}]},{"name":"Research Project on Teaching Reform in Hubei Province","award":["2023\u2013No.169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023\u2013No.169"]}]},{"name":"the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Zhongnan University of Economics and Law) in China"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With the accelerating pace of societal digitalization, parental mediation practices have emerged as a critical mechanism for facilitating children\u2019s socialization within the family system. Based on the 2022 Chinese Minors\u2019 Digital Life and Online Protection Survey dataset, this study empirically examined the current state of parental mediation and its influencing mechanism on school-aged children\u2019s academic performance. The results indicated that the level of parental mediation demonstrated a significantly positive influence on students\u2019 academic performance. This finding remained robust when subjected to rigorous validation methods, including instrumental variable analysis, propensity score matching, and double machine learning techniques. Meanwhile, the mediation models showed that children\u2019s e-learning behavior and civic engagement played parallel mediating roles in the relationship between parental mediation and academic performance. Moreover, heterogeneity analysis further revealed that family socioeconomic status negatively moderated the indirect pathways through which parental mediation influenced students\u2019 academic performance. Our research suggested that active parental mediation could not only be beneficial for children\u2019s academic performance but also be helpful to narrowing developmental inequalities across different social classes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13110934","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T05:20:44Z","timestamp":1761196844000},"page":"934","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["How Does Parental Mediation Impact Children\u2019s Academic Performance Within the Family System? Evidence from a Nationwide Survey in China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Journalism and Culture Communication, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qunli","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Journalism and Culture Communication, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2676-2030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology, School of Philosophy, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2890","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-020-01760-y","article-title":"Parental concerns about their school-aged children\u2019s use of digital devices","volume":"29","author":"Danet","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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