{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T03:20:39Z","timestamp":1773804039622,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012456","name":"National Social Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["24CJL029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24CJL029"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012456","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In an era of intensifying global technological competition and systemic disruptions, the resilience of metropolitan innovation networks has emerged as a cornerstone of sustainable regional development. Based on joint invention patents, this study employs a multi-method analytical framework integrating social network analysis, network motif analysis, a random walk algorithm, and the Exponential Random Graph Model (ERGM) to trace the evolution of resilience across node, structural, and community levels in the Shanghai Metropolitan Area (2011\u20132020). Our findings reveal a significant trajectory of strengthening resilience, marked not only by a shift from a monocentric to a polycentric structure at the node level but also by a qualitative change in collaborative patterns at the structural level, and enhanced integration at the community level. ERGM analysis identifies policy coordination and industrial upgrading as the most potent drivers of this evolution, with a pivotal finding being that digital connectivity, measured by information proximity, has superseded geographic proximity in facilitating collaboration. This study develops and applies a multi-scale resilience framework, while also extending proximity theory by highlighting the growing importance of policy and information dimensions over geographic distance. It offers actionable insights for building resilient innovation ecosystems in policy-driven metropolitan regions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13111017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T09:59:09Z","timestamp":1763027949000},"page":"1017","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Anatomizing Resilience: The Multi-Dimensional Evolution and Drivers of Regional Collaborative Innovation Networks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Zhimin","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Urban and Demographic Studies, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, Shanghai 200020, China"}]},{"given":"Tianbo","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Institute for Science of Science, Shanghai 200031, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4507-7701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiawei","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai\u2019an 223001, China"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eado5304","DOI":"10.1126\/science.ado5304","article-title":"Build networked resilience across cities","volume":"383","author":"Bai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1080\/00343404.2014.959481","article-title":"Towards an evolutionary perspective on regional resilience","volume":"49","author":"Boschma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reg. Stud."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scib.2020.02.021","article-title":"Rural-urban co-governance: Multi-scale practice","volume":"65","author":"Ye","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Bull."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.habitatint.2021.102419","article-title":"Where are the frontiers of sustainability research? An overview based on Web of Science Database in 2013\u20132019","volume":"116","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Habitat Int."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1177\/0309132519853870","article-title":"Trinity of change agency, regional development paths and opportunity spaces","volume":"44","author":"Grillitsch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prog. Hum. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1080\/00343404.2012.674637","article-title":"Cities, skills and regional change","volume":"48","author":"Glaeser","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reg. Stud."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2025.122855","article-title":"Enhancing environmental, social, and governance performance through artificial intelligence supply chains in the energy industry: Roles of innovation, collaboration, and proactive sustainability strategy","volume":"245","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Renew. Energy"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/jeg\/lbu015","article-title":"On the notion of regional economic resilience: Conceptualization and explanation","volume":"15","author":"Martin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Econ. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"69","article-title":"Connotation, attributes and target vision of the Shanghai Metropolitan Area from the perspective of global city regions","volume":"2","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Urban Plan. Forum"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1080\/09654313.2017.1322041","article-title":"Regional economic resilience: The role of national and regional policies","volume":"25","author":"Kakderi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Plan. Stud."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1093\/jeg\/lbl012","article-title":"Path dependence and regional economic evolution","volume":"6","author":"Martin","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Econ. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1093\/cjres\/rsp033","article-title":"Regional resilience: A promising concept to explain differences in regional economic adaptability?","volume":"3","author":"Hassink","year":"2010","journal-title":"Camb. J. Reg. Econ. Soc."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s00168-022-01127-9","article-title":"Technological, institutional, and geographical peripheries: Regional development and risk of poverty in the European regions","volume":"69","author":"Barbero","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Reg. Sci."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1007\/s10614-018-9853-2","article-title":"Introduction to network modeling using exponential random graph models (ERGM): Theory and an application using R-project","volume":"54","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput. Econ."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1080\/00130095.2025.2542151","article-title":"Regions in industrial transitions: A transformative resilience perspective on the uneven geographies of vulnerability, preparedness, and responsiveness","volume":"101","author":"Trippl","year":"2025","journal-title":"Econ. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1080\/09654313.2013.861806","article-title":"Do regions make a difference? Regional innovation systems and global innovation networks in the ICT industry","volume":"23","author":"Chaminade","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Plan. Stud."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdrr.2023.103828","article-title":"Evaluation of urban resilience based on Service-Connectivity-Environment (SCE) model: A case study of Jinan city, China","volume":"95","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1080\/00343404.2011.596701","article-title":"Regional innovation systems: Theory, empirics and policy","volume":"45","author":"Asheim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Reg. Stud."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1080\/09654313.2015.1074984","article-title":"Network structures in regional innovation systems","volume":"24","author":"Stuck","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Plan. Stud."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, R., Wang, Y., Zhang, Z., and Lu, Y. (2025). Towards smart and resilient city networks: Assessing the network structure and resilience in Chengdu\u2013Chongqing smart urban agglomeration. Systems, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13010060"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2427.2009.00887.x","article-title":"The contribution of regional networks to innovation and challenges for regional policy","volume":"33","author":"Gellynck","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Urban Reg. Res."},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"1115","article-title":"Knowledge, networks, and knowledge networks: A review and research agenda","volume":"38","author":"Phelps","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Manag."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1177\/0162243908329187","article-title":"National innovation system: The system approach in historical perspective","volume":"34","author":"Godin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sci. Technol. Hum. Values"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105648","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2021.105648","article-title":"How to identify key players that contribute to resilient performance: A social network analysis perspective","volume":"148","author":"Bertoni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Saf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"391","article-title":"Cooperation in innovation practices among firms in Portugal: Do external partners stimulate innovative advances?","volume":"7","author":"Silva","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Entrep. Small Bus."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.glt.2019.05.002","article-title":"Enriching innovation ecosystems: The role of government in a university science park","volume":"1","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Glob. Transit."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1080\/00343404.2014.883598","article-title":"Proximity and innovation: From statics to dynamics","volume":"49","author":"Balland","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reg. Stud."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1080\/12265934.2021.1938641","article-title":"The geography of intercity technological proximity: Evidence from China","volume":"27","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Urban Sci."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1007\/s10961-017-9620-x","article-title":"An evolving regional innovation network: Collaboration among industry, university, and research institution in China\u2019s first technology hub","volume":"44","author":"Lyu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Technol. Transf."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1093\/cjres\/rsv031","article-title":"The geography of the economic crisis in Europe: National macroeconomic conditions, regional structural factors and short-term economic performance","volume":"9","author":"Crescenzi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Camb. J. Reg. Econ. Soc."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/s11769-022-1256-6","article-title":"Exploring regional innovation growth through a network approach: A case study of the Yangtze River Delta region, China","volume":"32","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin. Geogr. Sci."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1080\/02723638.2016.1206395","article-title":"Urban resilience for whom, what, when, where, and why?","volume":"40","author":"Meerow","year":"2019","journal-title":"Urban Geogr."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1080\/00343404.2013.854879","article-title":"Regional resilience: An agency perspective","volume":"48","author":"Bristow","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reg. Stud."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2014.09.008","article-title":"Access to finance for innovative SMEs since the financial crisis","volume":"44","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Res. Policy"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1177\/0042098016630521","article-title":"Network structure and regional innovation: A study of university\u2013industry ties","volume":"54","author":"Huggins","year":"2017","journal-title":"Urban Stud."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1080\/09654313.2019.1642856","article-title":"Network position and innovation capability in the regional innovation network","volume":"27","author":"Piazza","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Plan. Stud."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, X., and Huang, Y. (2024). Spatial evolution, influencing factors and spillover effects of logistics resilience in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. PLoS ONE, 19.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0303639"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/grow.12280","article-title":"Innovating in less developed regions: What drives patenting in the lagging regions of Europe and North America","volume":"50","author":"Wilkie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Growth Change"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s40887-020-00038-x","article-title":"Regional innovation system research trends: Toward knowledge management and entrepreneurial ecosystems","volume":"6","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Qual. Innov."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeog.2025.103635","article-title":"Technological relatedness, technological complexity and the development of digital technology in Chinese cities","volume":"179","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Appl. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbvi.2025.e00521","article-title":"Close but not nearby? Rethinking proximity in the digital era of entrepreneurial ecosystems","volume":"23","author":"Lamotte","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Bus. Ventur. Insights"},{"key":"ref_42","unstructured":"People\u2019s Government of Shanghai Municipality, People\u2019s Government of Jiangsu Province, and People\u2019s Government of Zhejiang Province (2025, August 08). Spatial Collaborative Planning of the Shanghai Metropolitan Area, Available online: https:\/\/ghzyj.sh.gov.cn\/gzdt\/20220928\/398a780306ca4e4fbbb03e38208ab89c.html."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s00168-008-0245-8","article-title":"The impact of network structure on knowledge transfer: An application of social network analysis in the context of regional innovation networks","volume":"44","author":"Fritsch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Reg. Sci."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"1767","article-title":"Structural evolution and policy orientation of China\u2019s rare earth innovation network: A social network analysis based on collaborative patents","volume":"33","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pol. J. Environ. Stud."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19368","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1819529116","article-title":"What network motifs tell us about resilience and reliability of complex networks","volume":"116","author":"Dey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1080\/08985626.2013.877985","article-title":"Clusters for life or life cycles of clusters: In search of the critical factors of clusters\u2019 resilience","volume":"26","author":"Suire","year":"2014","journal-title":"Entrep. Reg. Dev."},{"key":"ref_47","unstructured":"Bla\u0161kovi\u0107, F., Conrad, T.O.F., Klus, S., and Conrad, N.D. (2025). Random walk based snapshot clustering for detecting community dynamics in temporal networks. Sci. Rep., 15."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma, J., Wu, L., and Hu, J. (2025). Dynamic evolution and driving mechanism of a multi-agent green technology cooperation innovation network: Empirical evidence based on exponential random graph model. Systems, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13080706"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grabner, S.M. (2021). Regional economic resilience: Review and outlook. Econ. Resil. Reg. Organ., 21\u201355.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-658-33079-8_2"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/pirs.12478","article-title":"Knowledge networks and industrial structure for regional innovation: An analysis of patents collaborations in Italy","volume":"99","author":"Innocenti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pap. Reg. Sci."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jue.2015.12.003","article-title":"Co-invention networks and inventive productivity in US cities","volume":"92","author":"Breschi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Urban Econ."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chieco.2024.102171","article-title":"The impact of administrative boundaries on foreign direct investments in China\u2019s Yangtze River Delta region","volume":"85","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"China Econ. Rev."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.3846\/tede.2021.14828","article-title":"The regional disparity of influencing factors of technological innovation in China: Evidence from high-tech industry","volume":"27","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Technol. Econ. Dev. Econ."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2020.119998","article-title":"The effect of innovation network size and public R&D investment on regional innovation efficiency","volume":"155","author":"Min","year":"2020","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huang, J., Li, Q., Du, M., and Chen, X. (2023). Spatial and temporal variation of economic resilience and its drivers: Evidence from Chinese cities. Front. Environ. Sci., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fenvs.2023.1109857"},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"1","article-title":"A comparative study of innovation development patterns between the United States and China in the field of artificial intelligence","volume":"38","author":"Wanling","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Beijing Univ. Aeronaut. Astronaut. (Soc. Sci. Ed.)"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1080\/00036846.2022.2095344","article-title":"Place-based policies and regional innovation: Evidence from western development in China","volume":"55","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl. Econ."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3920","DOI":"10.1080\/00036846.2023.2208852","article-title":"Analysis on the structure and economic resilience capacity of China\u2019s regional economic network","volume":"56","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Econ."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1080\/09654313.2012.755832","article-title":"Mapping knowledge space and technological relatedness in US cities","volume":"21","author":"Kogler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. Plan. Stud."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.technovation.2015.08.001","article-title":"Research orientation and agglomeration: Can every region become a Silicon Valley?","volume":"45","author":"Ooms","year":"2015","journal-title":"Technovation"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1111\/pirs.12417","article-title":"Quality of government and regional resilience in the European Union","volume":"98","author":"Ezcurra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Evid. Great Recession. Pap. Reg. Sci."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1080\/00343404.2018.1437900","article-title":"Smart specialization policy in the European Union: Relatedness, knowledge complexity and regional diversification","volume":"53","author":"Balland","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reg. Stud."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2426","DOI":"10.1080\/00343404.2022.2118252","article-title":"The role of cohesion policy for sustaining the resilience of European regional labour markets during different crises","volume":"57","author":"Caro","year":"2023","journal-title":"Reg. Stud."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2445594","DOI":"10.1080\/00343404.2024.2445594","article-title":"Unseen costs: The inequities of the geography of innovation","volume":"59","author":"Boschma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Reg. Stud."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1080\/09654313.2012.755827","article-title":"Global and regional dynamics in knowledge flows and innovation networks","volume":"21","author":"Kogler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. Plan. Stud."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1080\/22797254.2021.1872929","article-title":"The role of innovation and knowledge for entrepreneurship and regional development","volume":"33","author":"Kraus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Entrep. Reg. Dev."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respol.2019.05.012","article-title":"Do low-skilled workers gain from high-tech employment growth? High-technology multipliers, employment and wages in Britain","volume":"48","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Res. Policy"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1111\/grow.12648","article-title":"The evolutionary patterns of intercity co-invention networks in the Greater Pearl River Delta, China: A comparative analysis based on the technological intensity of industry","volume":"54","author":"Chong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Growth Change"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/jeg\/lbr019","article-title":"Regional economic resilience, hysteresis and recessionary shocks","volume":"12","author":"Martin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Econ. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-025-05874-w","article-title":"From digital island to resilient networks: The impact of digital economy agglomeration on urban resilience in China","volume":"12","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Humanit. Soc. Sci. Commun."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19775","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-024-01932-x","article-title":"Digital innovation and urban resilience: Lessons from the Yangtze river Delta region","volume":"15","author":"Cao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Knowl. Econ."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1080\/23792949.2016.1264867","article-title":"What matters for regional industrial dynamics in a transitional economy?","volume":"2","author":"He","year":"2017","journal-title":"Area Dev. Policy"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1111\/tesg.12447","article-title":"Regional resilience in times of a pandemic crisis: The case of COVID-19 in China","volume":"111","author":"Gong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tijdschr. Voor Econ. En Soc. Geogr."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gu, J., and Liu, Z. (2024). A study of the coupling between the digital economy and regional economic resilience: Evidence from China. PLoS ONE, 19.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0296890"},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"05024042","DOI":"10.1061\/JUPDDM.UPENG-5005","article-title":"Resilience evolution of urban network structures from a complex network perspective: A case study of urban agglomeration along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River","volume":"151","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Urban Plan. Dev."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1177\/0160017618764279","article-title":"Innovation in the periphery: A critical survey and research agenda","volume":"42","author":"Eder","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Reg. Sci. Rev."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1080\/00343404.2019.1595565","article-title":"Does related variety foster regional entrepreneurship? Evidence from European regions","volume":"53","author":"Content","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reg. Stud."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qiao, N., and Niu, L. (2024). The impact of the industrial innovation ecosystem on innovation performance\u2014Using the equipment manufacturing industry as an example. Systems, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/systems12120578"}],"container-title":["Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-8954\/13\/11\/1017\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T05:23:29Z","timestamp":1763184209000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-8954\/13\/11\/1017"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["systems13111017"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/systems13111017","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-8954"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2079-8954","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]]}}}