{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T16:16:11Z","timestamp":1781712971726,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["72274113"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72274113"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Social Science Foundation","award":["23CTQJ07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23CTQJ07"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ZR202111130115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR202111130115"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","award":["9242006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["9242006"]}]},{"name":"Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong province of China","award":["tsqn202103069"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["tsqn202103069"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study integrates complex systems theory and innovation ecosystem theory to develop a unified framework encompassing the innovation environment, innovation actors, and innovation networks. Using fsQCA and NCA, it examines the impact of cross-layer interactions and the coupling of multiple factors on collaborative performance. Empirical analysis in the field of natural language processing (NLP) demonstrates that no single factor is sufficient to serve as a necessary condition for achieving high-innovation collaboration performance. Innovation actors, as endogenous evolutionary drivers, play a central and catalytic role in the collaboration process. Moreover, under specific conditions, the relationship between the innovation environment and innovation networks exhibits a substitutive effect, with certain capabilities enabling this dynamic. This study extends the theoretical understanding of collaboration pathways within innovation ecosystems and offers practical recommendations for fostering innovation cooperation across different industries and organizations. It achieves this by constructing a \u201csituational type\u2013configuration path\u201d matrix, decision tree, and innovation collaboration performance realization model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13121116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T12:57:41Z","timestamp":1765457861000},"page":"1116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Research on the Configurational Paths of Collaborative Performance in the Innovation Ecosystem from the Perspective of Complex Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Business School, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Business School, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China"},{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstra\u00dfe 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7025-7256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robin","family":"Haunschild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstra\u00dfe 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zehua","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information Management, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8934-339X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunjiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Science Library (Chengdu), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-soc-081715-074219","article-title":"From Sole Investigator to Team Scientist: Trends in the Practice and Study of Research Collaboration","volume":"42","author":"Leahey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annu. 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