{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T05:18:20Z","timestamp":1779254300309,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Considering the escalating international geopolitical tensions and the ensuing great power maneuvers, China\u2019s oil supply faced unprecedented threats. To safeguard against these risks and harness domestic resources more effectively, addressing the stability of refined oil supply had become an urgent imperative. The complex network theory is integrated into oil product delivery logistics, accounting for transportation volumes, distances, and node importance. Through simulation, we evaluated each scheme\u2019s efficacy using a case study from a province in northwest China. The results demonstrate notable improvements in network robustness across all four strategies. The key node focuses on protection measures emerged as the most effective, followed by the oil depot resource optimization strategy and the network topology optimization strategy, in descending order. By mitigating the risks stemming from international uncertainties, our strategies ensured the timely supply of refined oil products, thereby upholding the stable functioning of the national economy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems14010069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T08:09:06Z","timestamp":1767946146000},"page":"69","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Enhancing Resilience in China\u2019s Refined Oil Product Distribution Network: A Complex Network Theory Approach with Optimization Strategies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Qingning","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tongtong","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8366-5312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cen","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Yao, L., Li, X., and Qin, Z. 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