{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T06:40:36Z","timestamp":1774680036713,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Social Science Fund of China","award":["23BJY017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23BJY017"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023J011014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023J011014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>To enhance cross-border logistics service quality and build a trustworthy and transparent service ecosystem, this paper constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model involving cross-border logistics enterprises, governments, and consumers. Considering operational reliability and information transparency, this paper explores the strategic interactions among stakeholders and the sensitivity of key influencing factors through evolutionary stable strategy analysis and numerical simulation. The results indicate four typical evolutionary scenarios: regulatory silos, feedback failure, administrative dominance, and collaborative governance. The government\u2019s willingness to regulate is positively correlated with the service quality provided by logistics enterprises. Positive consumer feedback strengthens social supervision and exerts a substitution effect on government regulation. Improving operational reliability reduces enterprises compliance costs, driving improvements in logistics service quality. Information transparency can increase the implicit costs of low-quality service providers by empowering consumers\u2019 feedback. While simple reward\u2013punishment mechanisms or consumer compensation may generate short-term benefits, they may weaken the governance effectiveness of other stakeholders, potentially inducing regulatory inertia or false feedback.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems14040355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T15:10:24Z","timestamp":1774537824000},"page":"355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evolutionary Game Analysis of Cross-Border Logistics Service Quality Management from the Perspective of Multi-Agent Participation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ming","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Internet Economics and Business, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2226-6294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanxi","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Internet Economics and Business, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yipei","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Internet Economics and Business, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianzhong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Internet Economics and Business, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"State Council of the People\u2019s Republic of China (2026, March 15). The 14th Five-Year Plan for Modern Logistics Development, Available online: https:\/\/www.gov.cn\/gongbao\/content\/2023\/content_5736713.htm."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55726","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3384874","article-title":"A Novel Interval-Valued-q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy-Additive Ratio Assessment Model for Evaluating Logistics Service Quality","volume":"12","author":"Korucuk","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liang, Y., Guo, L., Li, J., Zhang, S., and Fei, X. (2021). The Impact of Trade Facilitation on Cross-Border E-Commerce Transactions: Analysis Based on the Marine and Land Cross-Border Logistical Practices between China and Countries along the \u201cBelt and Road\u201d. Water, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/w13243567"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tiwong, S., Woschank, M., Ramingwong, S., and Tippayawong, K.Y. (2024). Logistics Service Provider Lifecycle Model in Industry 4.0: A Review. Appl. Sci., 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/app14062324"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.54691\/bcpbm.v29i.2203","article-title":"The Impact of Logistics Service Quality of Cross Border E-Commerce Business on Customer Satisfaction","volume":"29","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"BCP Bus. Manag."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70050","DOI":"10.1111\/jbl.70050","article-title":"Are We Delivering What Customers Want? Charting Logistics Service Quality Research\u2014A Process View","volume":"47","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Bus. Logist."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1108\/APJML-03-2023-0203","article-title":"Systematic investigation of the logistics service quality of cross-border e-commerce: A mixed-methods perspective","volume":"36","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Asia Pac. J. Mark. Logist."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1080\/17477778.2023.2290498","article-title":"The Impact of a Tariff on Logistics Service Strategies in an International E-Commerce Trade: Game Theory and Agent-Based Model","volume":"18","author":"Du","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Simul."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2778","DOI":"10.1080\/13675567.2024.2328718","article-title":"Compliance Checking for Cross-Border Construction Logistics Clearance Using Blockchain Smart Contracts and Oracles","volume":"27","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Logist. Res. Appl."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"228","article-title":"Research on Information Cooperation Mechanism of Cross Border E-Commerce Logistics Alliance Based on Tripartite Evolutionary Game","volume":"31","author":"Du","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin. J. Manag. Sci."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"9","article-title":"Cross-Border E-Commerce Logistics System Optimization Analysis","volume":"110","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Econ. Manag. Polit. Sci."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109658","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cie.2023.109658","article-title":"Operational Planning of International Freight Trains Considering the Dynamic Demands and Capacities of Border Ports","volume":"185","author":"Shi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput. Ind. Eng."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, G., Zheng, J., and Zhan, K. (2025). Research on knowledge-sharing decisions in the logistics service supply chain. Front. Phys., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphy.2025.1659092"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang, W., and Li, N. (2024). The Intelligent Upgrading of Logistics Between an Internet Enterprise and a Logistics Enterprise Based on Differential Game Theory. Sustainability, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/su16198556"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100996","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elerap.2020.100996","article-title":"How to Avoid the Free Shipping Pitfall? Changing Consumer Attitudes from the Perspective of Information Interaction","volume":"42","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Electron. Commer. Res. Appl."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miao, X., Li, Z., Yan, Y., and Xu, A. (2025). A Tripartite Evolutionary Game-Based Cooperation Model of Cross-Border E-Commerce Logistics Alliances: A Case Study of China. J. Theor. Appl. Electron. Commer. Res., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/jtaer20010037"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1007\/s10663-024-09634-y","article-title":"Analyzing the Differential Effects of COVID-19 on Export Flows: A Focus on Customs Procedures","volume":"51","author":"Derindag","year":"2024","journal-title":"Empirica"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"128","article-title":"Asymmetric Effects of Environmental Collaborative Governance in the Yangtze River Delta: A Dual Perspective of Multi-Actors and Multi-Regions","volume":"43","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Xi\u2019an Jiaotong Univ. Soc. Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2486581","DOI":"10.1080\/23311975.2025.2486581","article-title":"Logistics Service Quality and Customer Behavior in Cross-Border E-Commerce: A Thai Consumer Perspective","volume":"12","author":"Chotisarn","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cogent Bus. Manag."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jretconser.2022.103165","article-title":"Effects of Logistics Service Quality and Price Fairness on Customer Repurchase Intention: The Moderating Role of Cross-Border E-Commerce Experiences","volume":"70","author":"Do","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Retail. Consum. Serv."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ngo, T.T.A., An, G.K., Dao, D.K., Nguyen, N.A., Nguyen, N.A., and Phong, B.H. (2025). Roles of Logistics Service Quality in Shaping Generation Z Customers\u2019 Repurchase Intention and Electronic Word of Mouth in E-Commerce Industry. PLoS ONE, 20.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0323962"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2019.134522","article-title":"Don\u2019t Trick Me: An Event-Related Potentials Investigation of How Price Deception Decreases Consumer Purchase Intention","volume":"713","author":"Fu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4820877","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/4820877","article-title":"Tripartite Evolutionary Game Analysis of a Logistics Service Supply Chain Cooperation Mechanism for Network Freight Platforms","volume":"2024","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Intell. Syst."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, X., Jiang, H., and Chen, W. (2023). Evolutionary Game Analysis of Cross-Border E-Commerce Logistics Alliance Subject Considering Supply Chain Disruption Risk. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su152316350"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1007\/s10796-023-10393-7","article-title":"IoT-Based Information System on Cold-Chain Logistics Service Quality (ICCLSQ) Management in Logistics 4.0","volume":"26","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Inf. Syst. Front."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6648","DOI":"10.1080\/00207543.2025.2480204","article-title":"A Framework and System Architecture for Value-Oriented Digital Services in Data-Driven Production Logistics","volume":"63","author":"Zafarzadeh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1002\/tee.24138","article-title":"Logistics Supply Chain Management and Control Based on Mobile Communication Technology","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEJ Trans. Electr. Electron. Eng."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2024.123787","article-title":"Impact of Digital Government Construction on the Intelligent Transformation of Enterprises: Evidence from China","volume":"210","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"43","article-title":"The \u201cGuanxi Obstruction\u201d of Digital Empowerment: Technological Paradox and Goal Displacement in Grassroots Governance\u2014A Qualitative Study of Y District, F City","volume":"2026","author":"Gu","year":"2026","journal-title":"E-Government"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"72","article-title":"Logistics Park Service Quality Evaluation Research Based on SERVQUAL Model","volume":"34","author":"Lu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Logist. Sci-Tech."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"153","article-title":"The Impact of Logistics Service Quality on Customer Loyalty in Egyptian Resorts: Customer Satisfaction as a Mediator","volume":"6","author":"Elsaed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Tour. Hosp. Manag."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7989386","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/7989386","article-title":"An Evolutionary Game Model to Study Manufacturers and Logistics Companies\u2019 Behavior Strategies for Information Transparency in Cold Chains","volume":"2020","author":"Xing","year":"2020","journal-title":"Math. Probl. Eng."},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"377","article-title":"Supply Chain Innovation Research: A Conceptual Approach of Information Management with Game Theory","volume":"30","year":"2019","journal-title":"Group. Decis. Negot."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, J., Xu, X., and Yang, Y. (2023). Research on Value Co-Creation Strategies for Stakeholders of Takeaway Platforms Based on Tripartite Evolutionary Game. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su151713010"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spc.2021.06.011","article-title":"Behavioural Choice of Governments, Enterprises and Consumers on Recyclable Green Logistics Packaging","volume":"28","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sustain. Prod. Consum."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1080\/00207179208934253","article-title":"The General Problem of the Stability of Motion","volume":"55","author":"Lyapunov","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int. J. Control"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crfs.2023.100619","article-title":"Food Manufacturer Willingness to Employ Blockchain Technology System Under the Social Co-Governance Framework: China\u2019s Situation","volume":"7","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2022.106290","article-title":"Government Regulation to Promote Coordinated Emission Reduction Among Enterprises in the Green Supply Chain Based on Evolutionary Game Analysis","volume":"182","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, T., Qiu, Y., Wang, B., and Yang, J. (2022). Analysis of Effects on the Dual Circulation Promotion Policy for Cross-Border E-Commerce B2B Export Trade Based on System Dynamics during COVID-19. Systems, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/systems10010013"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2023.113795","article-title":"Low-Carbon Promotion of New Energy Vehicles: A Quadrilateral Evolutionary Game","volume":"188","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev."},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"Xiamen Municipal Commerce Bureau (2026, March 15). The Administration of Funds for Commercial Circulation and Life Service Industries in Xiamen Municipality, Available online: https:\/\/swj.xm.gov.cn\/zwgk\/zfxxgk\/zc\/xzgfxwj\/202412\/t20241212_2906447.htm."},{"key":"ref_42","unstructured":"Quanzhou Licheng District People\u2019s Government (2026, March 15). Several Measures for Promoting the Development of Cross-Border E-Commerce in Quanzhou Municipality, Available online: https:\/\/www.qzlc.gov.cn\/zjlc\/lctz\/zszc\/cyfc\/202503\/t20250311_3147651.htm."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.3390\/jtaer17040088","article-title":"The Impact of Government Behavior on the Development of Cross-Border E-Commerce B2B Export Trading Enterprises Based on Evolutionary Game in the Context of \u201cDual-Cycle\u201d Policy","volume":"17","author":"Qiu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Theor. Appl. Electron. Commer. Res."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54650","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2024.3389985","article-title":"Online Evaluation Information Cascade and Its Impact on Consumer Decision Making: Analyzing Movie Reviews Using Sentiment Corpus","volume":"12","author":"Tuo","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jebo.2022.09.020","article-title":"Branded Websites and Marketplace Selling: Competing during COVID-19","volume":"203","author":"Loginova","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Econ. Behav. Organ."}],"container-title":["Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-8954\/14\/4\/355\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T05:13:46Z","timestamp":1774674826000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-8954\/14\/4\/355"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["systems14040355"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/systems14040355","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-8954"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2079-8954","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]}}}