{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T04:35:37Z","timestamp":1777178137205,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":183,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fujian Social Science Foundation","award":["FJ2025A005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FJ2025A005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Digital transformation (DT) has become a core strategic priority for major economies, with global investments exceeding $2 trillion worldwide and $0.55 trillion in China alone in 2025. As DT reshapes the norms of international competitiveness and sustainable development, experts frequently emphasize the need for innovative cross-domain frameworks to decode the mechanisms of DT success. Even though public economists view government attention to digital talent (GADT) as a key driver of DT, there is an acute shortage of empirical models that explain how it affects firm-level DT directly or indirectly through intermediary mechanisms, e.g., talent agglomeration, absorptive capacity, and subsidies. Thus, exploring this relationship empirically holds significant theoretical and practical value. Based on the latest keyword frequency data from government policies and annual reports from 2008 to 2022 for 3952 A-share listed companies across 243 cities in 31 provinces, this study constructs an interactive two-way fixed-effects panel regression model with 35,058 valid observations. The empirical results show that GADT significantly promotes the digital transformation of enterprises (EDT), supported by enterprise talent agglomeration, absorptive capacity, and government digital talent subsidies. Notably, the effects of GADT on EDT were heterogeneous, with a significant positive impact observed in labor-intensive enterprises, peripheral cities, and enterprises in non-digital-economy pilot areas. Moreover, the effects of GADT on EDT were less pronounced among technology-intensive enterprises (e.g., automotive, pharmaceutical, and manufacturing), central cities (e.g., Chengdu, Fuzhou), and those in digital economy pilot areas (e.g., Xinjiang, Ningxia). This study aims to examine the impact mechanism of GADT on EDT, thereby providing theoretical support and practical implications for more targeted and effective digital talent policies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems14040430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T14:24:58Z","timestamp":1776176698000},"page":"430","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Does the Government\u2019s Attention to Digital Talent Foster Digital Transformation Among Enterprises in China? Evidence from a Data-Driven Tripartite Institutional Policy, Technology, and Spatial Framework"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yun","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Business Administration, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinjin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Business Administration, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1348-4169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shoukat Iqbal","family":"Khattak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Business Administration, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China"},{"name":"EMPAK\u2014Empirical Policy Analysis & Knowledge, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Fortune Business Insights (2026, February 20). Digital Transformation Market Size, Share and Industry Analysis, by Technology (Cloud Computing, Big Data and Analytics, Cybersecurity, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), Business Intelligence and Blockchain), by Deployment (Local and Cloud), by Enterprise Type (Large Enterprises and Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises), by Industry (BFSI, Manufacturing, IT and Telecommunications, Retail and Consumer Goods, Healthcare, Transportation and Logistics, Government, etc.) and Regional Forecast, 2024\u20132032. Available online: https:\/\/www.fortunebusinessinsights.com\/zh\/digital-transformation-market-104878."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Knowledge-and innovation-based business models for future growth: Digitalized business models and portfolio considerations","volume":"15","author":"Bouncken","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev. Manag. Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"150","article-title":"A comparative analysis review of digital transformation stage in developing countries","volume":"16","author":"Haryanti","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ind. Eng. Manag."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"325","article-title":"The impact of digital transformation on European countries: Insights from a comparative analysis","volume":"16","author":"Urbaniec","year":"2021","journal-title":"Equilib. Q. J. Econ. Econ. Policy"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zimmermann, A., Schmidt, R., Sandkuhl, K., Jugel, D., Bogner, J., and M\u00f6hring, M. (2018, January 16\u201319). Evolution of enterprise architecture for digital transformation. Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE 22nd International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Workshop (EDOCW), Stockholm, Sweden.","DOI":"10.1109\/EDOCW.2018.00023"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deng, J., Chen, T., and Zhang, Y. (2023). Effect of collaborative innovation on high-quality economic development in beijing\u2013tianjin\u2013hebei urban agglomeration\u2014An empirical analysis based on the spatial durbin model. Mathematics, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/math11081909"},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"8495","article-title":"How industrial intelligence affects high-quality economic development","volume":"15","author":"Kai","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Knowl. Econ."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1108\/CPE-10-2019-0019","article-title":"An empirical study on the returns to scale of supply structure in China\u2019s economic growth: 1993\u20132015","volume":"2","author":"Ren","year":"2019","journal-title":"China Political Econ."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, H., Zhao, Z., and Han, D. (2024). Growth models and influencing mechanisms of total factor productivity in China\u2019s national high-tech zones. Sustainability, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/su16083245"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alojail, M., and Khan, S.B. (2023). Impact of digital transformation toward sustainable development. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su152014697"},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Berger, S., Bitzer, M., H\u00e4ckel, B., and Voit, C. (2020, January 15\u201317). Approaching digital transformation-development of a multi-dimensional maturity model. Proceedings of the 28th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS), an Online AIS Conference, Marrakech, Morocco."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jik.2025.100763","article-title":"Innovation-driven growth: The power of technological capability in regional development","volume":"10","author":"Dai","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Innov. Knowl."},{"key":"ref_13","unstructured":"Xi, J. (2025, October 05). Upholding the Great Banner of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics and Striving Together for the Comprehensive Construction of a Modern Socialist Country\u2014Report at the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Available online: https:\/\/www.gov.cn\/xinwen\/2022-10\/25\/content_5721685.htm."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"Sichuan, V. (2025, May 21). Policy Practices and Experience Analysis of Local Governments in Promoting the Digital Transformation of SMEs. Available online: https:\/\/cbgc.scol.com.cn\/news\/5835576."},{"key":"ref_15","unstructured":"Press, C. (2024, November 20). By 2026, Expenditure in China\u2019s Digital Transformation Market Is Projected to Surpass $600 Billion. Available online: https:\/\/www.cls.cn\/detail\/1382809."},{"key":"ref_16","unstructured":"Reports, X. (2025, November 21). Digital Transformation of Enterprises: The Balancing Act of Costs and Benefits and Strategic Choices. Available online: https:\/\/baijiahao.baidu.com\/s?id=1849135801304196897&wfr=spider&for=pc."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"The State Council the People\u2019s Republic of China (2025, December 15). Decisive Victory in Building a Well-Off Society in an All-Round Way to Win the Great Victory of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era-Report at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Available online: https:\/\/www.gov.cn\/zhuanti\/2017-10\/27\/content_5234876.htm."},{"key":"ref_18","unstructured":"Ministry of Education of the People\u2019s Republic of China (2025, December 03). Nine-Sector Printing Programme\u2014Accelerate the Cultivation of Digital Talents to Support the Development of Digital Economy, Available online: http:\/\/www.moe.gov.cn\/jyb_xwfb\/s5147\/202404\/t20240418_1126210.html."},{"key":"ref_19","unstructured":"The People\u2019s Government of Beijing Municipality (2025, December 03). Beijing Digital Economy Whole Industry Chain Open Development Action Plan, Available online: https:\/\/www.beijing.gov.cn\/zhengce\/zhengcefagui\/202205\/t20220531_2724836.html."},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"The People\u2019s Government of Guangzhou Municipality (2025, December 03). Notice of the General Office of Guangzhou Municipal People\u2019s Government on Printing and Issuing the High-Quality Development Plan of Guangzhou Digital Economy, Available online: https:\/\/www.gz.gov.cn\/zt\/js12218mmhjgzxdhcyxlt\/tdgzlfzgzylc\/content\/post_10130519.html."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"100233","article-title":"Impacts of government attention on achieving sustainable development goals: Evidence from China","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Geogr. Sustain."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tian, J., Zhang, S., Wei, X., Zhuang, S., and Zhang, M. (2022). The impact of government environmental attention on public health: Implications for corporate sustainable development. Front. Environ. Sci., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fenvs.2022.973477"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2017.2927","article-title":"An analysis of price vs. revenue protection: Government subsidies in the agriculture industry","volume":"65","author":"Alizamir","year":"2019","journal-title":"Manag. Sci."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1111\/poms.12326","article-title":"Supply chain consequences of subsidies for corporate social responsibility","volume":"24","author":"Arya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prod. Oper. Manag."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10961-019-09753-w","article-title":"Science Parks, talent attraction and stakeholder involvement: An international study","volume":"46","author":"Cadorin","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Technol. Transf."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, B., Lei, Y., Hu, M., and Li, W. (2022). The impact of policy orientation on green innovative performance: The role of green innovative capacity and absorptive capacity. Front. Environ. Sci., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fenvs.2022.842133"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"103","article-title":"An innovation policy framework for upgrading firm absorptive capacities in the context of catching-up economies","volume":"15","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Entrep. Manag. Innov."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1177\/0038038517750540","article-title":"The role of migration policies in the attraction and retention of international talent: The case of Indian researchers","volume":"53","author":"Toma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sociology"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barinova, E., Sheremetyeva, E., and Zotova, A. (2019). Digital talents: Realities and prospects. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference \u201cDigital Transformation of the Economy: Challenges, Trends, New Opportunities\u201d, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-27015-5_39"},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"The State Council the People\u2019s Republic of China (2025, November 14). The Plan Has Arrived: China Set to Launch Digital Talent Development Drive, Available online: https:\/\/www.gov.cn\/zhengce\/202404\/content_6945917.htm."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.28924\/2291-8639-23-2025-110","article-title":"Increasing Intention to Continue Participating in Digital Transformation among SMEs: Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Analysis Using R","volume":"23","author":"Giang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Anal. Appl."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chieco.2025.102376","article-title":"Talent magnets in China: Can talent attraction policies catalyze digital transformation in enterprises?","volume":"90","author":"Hua","year":"2025","journal-title":"China Econ. Rev."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1108\/09576060110384307","article-title":"A framework for analysing business performance, firm innovation and related contextual factors: Perceptions of managers and policy makers in two European regions","volume":"12","author":"Neely","year":"2001","journal-title":"Integr. Manuf. Syst."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2017.05.005","article-title":"A review on political factors influencing public support for urban environmental policy","volume":"75","author":"Wan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Policy"},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"272","article-title":"Dynamic capabilities for digital transformation","volume":"15","author":"Berg","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Strategy Manag."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S71","DOI":"10.1086\/261725","article-title":"Endogenous technological change","volume":"98","author":"Romer","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Political Econ."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1177\/14761270231223397","article-title":"Research frontiers on the attention-based view of the firm","volume":"22","author":"Joseph","year":"2024","journal-title":"Strateg. Organ."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Romer, P.M. (1989). Human Capital and Growth: Theory and Evidence, National Bureau of Economic Research.","DOI":"10.3386\/w3173"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2500154","DOI":"10.1080\/23299460.2025.2500154","article-title":"Dynamic capabilities and digital innovation: Pathways to competitive advantage through responsible innovation","volume":"12","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Responsible Innov."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0266(199708)18:7<509::AID-SMJ882>3.0.CO;2-Z","article-title":"Dynamic capabilities and strategic management","volume":"18","author":"Teece","year":"1997","journal-title":"Strateg. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1186\/s13731-024-00446-9","article-title":"Developing dynamic capabilities for successful digital transformation projects: The mediating role of change management","volume":"13","author":"Almarhdi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Innov. Entrep."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lrp.2018.12.001","article-title":"Building dynamic capabilities for digital transformation: An ongoing process of strategic renewal","volume":"52","author":"Warner","year":"2019","journal-title":"Long Range Plan."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1177\/23409444231185790","article-title":"Sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring dynamic capabilities in innovative firms: Why does strategic leadership make a difference?","volume":"28","year":"2025","journal-title":"BRQ Bus. Res. Q."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joitmc.2025.100523","article-title":"Leveraging dynamic capabilities for digital transformation: Exploring the moderating role of cost in environmental performance of SMEs","volume":"11","author":"Rahman","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Open Innov. Technol. Mark. Complex."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-024-02553-0","article-title":"On the Influence of Industrial Innovations, Fossil Fuels, and Military Expenditures on CO2 Emissions: An Econometric Analysis","volume":"17","author":"Khan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Knowl. Econ."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.55662\/JST.2023.4103","article-title":"Integrating AI and IoT with Salesforce: A Framework for Digital Transformation in the Manufacturing Industry","volume":"4","author":"Potla","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2019.09.022","article-title":"Digital transformation: A multidisciplinary reflection and research agenda","volume":"122","author":"Verhoef","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_48","first-page":"1","article-title":"IoT real-time production monitoring and automated process transformation in smart manufacturing","volume":"36","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Organ. End User Comput."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gardner, N. (2022). Digital transformation and organizational learning: Situated perspectives on becoming digital in architectural design practice. Front. Built Environ., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fbuil.2022.905455"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7788","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-023-01413-7","article-title":"How digital transformation promotes disruptive innovation? Evidence from Chinese entrepreneurial firms","volume":"15","author":"Pang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Knowl. Econ."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.frl.2025.107165","article-title":"Digital transformation and organizational resilience","volume":"78","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Financ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.14807\/ijmp.v12i4.1375","article-title":"Digital transformation in the manufacturing industry under the optics of digital platforms and ecosystems","volume":"12","author":"Okano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Indep. J. Manag. Prod."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, A. (2024, January 7\u20138). Research on enterprise digital transformation: A case study of Alibaba. Proceedings of the SHS Web of Conferences, Sanya, China.","DOI":"10.1051\/shsconf\/202420801014"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2682","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-023-01288-8","article-title":"Analyzing the role of governance, ICT, and urbanization on environment in South Asian countries","volume":"15","author":"Kakar","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Knowl. Econ."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.3390\/smartcities7020034","article-title":"Exploring the symbiotic relationship between digital transformation, infrastructure, service delivery, and governance for smart sustainable cities","volume":"7","author":"Das","year":"2024","journal-title":"Smart Cities"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iref.2025.104496","article-title":"How fiscal policy drives corporate digital transformation: An analysis of the synergistic effects of tax incentives and special subsidies","volume":"103","author":"He","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Econ. Financ."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4149","DOI":"10.1108\/K-08-2022-1098","article-title":"How government subsidies affect technology innovation in the context of Industry 4.0: Evidence from Chinese new-energy enterprises","volume":"53","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Kybernetes"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-023-02250-4","article-title":"Government regulatory policies for digital transformation in small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises: An evolutionary game analysis","volume":"10","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Humanit. Soc. Sci. Commun."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1108\/BPMJ-05-2025-0672","article-title":"How managers\u2019 digital literacy promotes ambidexterity innovation: The serial mediating role of knowledge re-orchestration and digital capabilities","volume":"31","author":"Jiang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Bus. Process Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1108\/IJM-03-2021-0176","article-title":"The role of human resource practices in the implementation of digital transformation","volume":"43","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Manpow."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0266(199707)18:1+<187::AID-SMJ936>3.0.CO;2-K","article-title":"Towards an attention-based view of the firm","volume":"18","author":"Ocasio","year":"1997","journal-title":"Strateg. Manag. J."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e28772","article-title":"Affording digital transformation: The role of industrial Internet platform in traditional manufacturing enterprises digital transformation","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1177\/00081256211059140","article-title":"How can large manufacturers digitalize their business models? A framework for orchestrating industrial ecosystems","volume":"64","author":"Parida","year":"2022","journal-title":"Calif. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1002\/sej.1272","article-title":"Entrepreneurship in digital platforms: A network-centric view","volume":"12","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Strateg. Entrep. J."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iref.2025.104389","article-title":"Analysis of the impact mechanisms of the digital economy and executive risk preference on the intelligent transformation of enterprises","volume":"102","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Econ. Financ."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107761","DOI":"10.1016\/j.frl.2025.107761","article-title":"The impact of digital economy development on the performance of digital creative enterprises","volume":"84","author":"Gao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Financ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jin, X., Li, T., Shi, Y., and Zhang, M. (2024). Do political connections facilitate or inhibit firms\u2019 digital transformation? Evidence from China\u2019s A-share private listed companies. PLoS ONE, 19.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0302586"},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124992","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2025.124992","article-title":"Can digitalization break the political resource curse? A study on political connections and corporate green innovation","volume":"380","author":"Shen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_69","unstructured":"Simon, H., and March, J. (2015). Administrative behavior and organizations. Organizational Behavior 2, Routledge."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.2307\/2938742","article-title":"The destruction of issue monopolies in Congress","volume":"87","author":"Jones","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am. Political Sci. Rev."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007123409990068","article-title":"Punctuations and turning points in British politics: The policy agenda of the Queen\u2019s speech, 1940\u20132005","volume":"40","author":"John","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br. J. Political Sci."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.2307\/2111759","article-title":"Presidential rhetoric and the public agenda","volume":"39","author":"Cohen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. J. Political Sci."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, J., and Zheng, X. (2022). Government annual report: Decision usefulness, information accessibility and policy communication efficiency\u2013Observations from 19 Chinese cities. Governance and Public Administration in China, Routledge.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003325208-7"},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107084","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eiar.2023.107084","article-title":"Influence of government attention on environmental quality: An analysis of 30 provinces in China","volume":"100","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Impact Assess. Rev."},{"key":"ref_75","first-page":"92","article-title":"How Local Governments Attract Talent\u2014A Mixed Research Study from the Perspective of Policy Marketing","volume":"40","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gov. Stud."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, X., Li, J., Yuan, C., Guo, S., and Wang, Z. (2022). Digital talents. Development Practice of Digital Business Environment in China, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-16-8527-9"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-025-05413-7","article-title":"Do digitalization policies promote enterprise innovation? The logic of cost heterogeneity of enterprises","volume":"12","author":"Wei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Humanit. Soc. Sci. Commun."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, X., Chen, Z., and Chen, Y. (2024). The impact of digital talent inflow on the co-agglomeration of the digital economy industry and manufacturing. Systems, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/systems12080317"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Q., Sun, T., and Wang, T. (2023). Synergy effect of talent policies on corporate innovation\u2014Evidence from China. Front. Psychol., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1069776"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shajek, A., and Hartmann, E.A. (2023). New Digital Work: Digital Sovereignty at the Workplace, Springer Nature.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-26490-0"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s40711-020-0115-z","article-title":"Market disputes and government intervention: An explanatory framework of risk transformation","volume":"7","author":"Xiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Chin. Sociol."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.128401","article-title":"Can public participation in haze governance be guided by government?--evidence from large-scale social media content data mining","volume":"318","author":"Xu","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duan, X., and Wang, Y. (2025). A Study on the Impact of Local Policy Response on the Technological Innovation of the New Energy Vehicle Industry. Sustainability, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/su17198873"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.technovation.2022.102545","article-title":"Government digital initiatives and firm digital innovation: Evidence from China","volume":"119","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Technovation"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resourpol.2024.105108","article-title":"How does digital government affect carbon intensity at the global level? New perspective of resource allocation optimization","volume":"94","author":"Feng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Resour. Policy"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, D. (2016). Research on the Endogenous Growth Theory and Chinese Economic Growth. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Management Science, Education Technology, Arts, Social Science and Economics 2016, Atlantis Press.","DOI":"10.2991\/msetasse-16.2016.87"},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijedudev.2024.103189","article-title":"Research on the cultivation model of international talents based on staying in Qiong to build Free Trade Port","volume":"112","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Educ. Dev."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e30121","article-title":"Scale or effectiveness? The nonlinear impact of talent agglomeration on high-quality economic development in China","volume":"10","author":"Jian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plas.2024.100120","article-title":"The future of digitalized project practices through data-savvy talent: A digital competence formation perspective","volume":"5","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proj. Leadersh. Soc."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yan, L., Fan, S., and Mengyu, L. (2024). Innovative talent agglomeration, spatial spillover effects and regional innovation performance\u2014Analyzing the threshold effect of government support. PLoS ONE, 19.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0311672"},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1108\/MD-08-2023-1363","article-title":"Digital transformation anxiety: Absorptive capacity, dynamic capability, and digital innovation performance","volume":"63","author":"Chang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Manag. Decis."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2020.11.011","article-title":"Can traditional organizations be digitally transformed by themselves? The moderating role of absorptive capacity and strategic interdependence","volume":"124","author":"Siachou","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1057\/jit.2008.18","article-title":"IS integration and business performance: The mediation effect of organizational absorptive capacity in SMEs","volume":"23","author":"Francalanci","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Inf. Technol."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1111\/jsbm.12449","article-title":"Managing network resource and organizational capabilities to create competitive advantage for SMEs in a volatile environment","volume":"57","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Small Bus. Manag."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1108\/EJIM-10-2019-0314","article-title":"The strategy of human resource flexibility versus absorptive capacity of knowledge: An integrative framework in industrial firms","volume":"24","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Innov. Manag."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.2007.25275513","article-title":"Absorptive capacity: Valuing a reconceptualization","volume":"32","author":"Todorova","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2520","DOI":"10.1002\/mde.3831","article-title":"The effects of government support on enterprises\u2019 digital transformation: Evidence from China","volume":"44","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Manag. Decis. Econ."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.26599\/IJCS.2025.9100003","article-title":"Bibliometric analysis on digital talent cultivation in China","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Crowd Sci."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cui, W., Tang, J., and Yang, L. (2025). Government subsidies, digital transformation, and innovation dynamics. Econ. Innov. New Technol., 1\u201325.","DOI":"10.1080\/10438599.2025.2571621"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu, S., Lin, K., Wang, H., and Wang, H. (2025). Illuminating the digital path: The signalling effects of talent subsidies on enterprise digital transformation. Appl. Econ., 1\u201316.","DOI":"10.1080\/00036846.2025.2506846"},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eap.2024.06.003","article-title":"Mystery of special government subsidies: How does digital transformation promote enterprise innovation and development?","volume":"83","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Econ. Anal. Policy"},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.frl.2023.103754","article-title":"New infrastructure, optimization of resource allocation and upgrading of industrial structure","volume":"54","author":"Gong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Financ. Res. Lett."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eap.2025.05.049","article-title":"Digitalization policy and enterprise digital transformation: The role of big data capability","volume":"86","author":"Yu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Econ. Anal. Policy"},{"key":"ref_104","first-page":"353","article-title":"Digital tax administration: Transforming the workforce to deliver","volume":"18","author":"Bentley","year":"2020","journal-title":"eJTR"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102979","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pacfin.2025.102979","article-title":"Digital economy policies and enterprise digital transformation: A quasi-natural experiment of digital economy pilot zones","volume":"95","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pac.-Basin Financ. J."},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.6.1173","article-title":"The moderator\u2013mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations","volume":"51","author":"Baron","year":"1986","journal-title":"J. Personal. Soc. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_107","first-page":"53","article-title":"Recruiting digital talent: The strategic role of recruitment in organisations\u2019 digital transformation","volume":"35","author":"Gilch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ger. J. Hum. Resour. Manag."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, G., Zeng, Z., Yang, D., Wang, H., and Niu, X. (2025). Does Regional Integration Enhance Green Development Efficiency? Evidence from the Yangtze River Delta Region in China. Systems, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13100904"},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Q., Yang, M., and Lv, S. (2022). Corporate digital transformation and green innovation: A quasi-natural experiment from integration of informatization and industrialization in China. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192013606"},{"key":"ref_110","unstructured":"National Bureau of Statistics (2025, July 11). China Statistical Yearbook, Available online: https:\/\/www.stats.gov.cn\/sj\/ndsj\/."},{"key":"ref_111","unstructured":"GTA Data Technology Co., Ltd. (2025, June 15). CSMAR Database (China Stock Market & Accounting Research). Available online: https:\/\/data.csmar.com\/."},{"key":"ref_112","unstructured":"Wind Information Co., Ltd. (2025, June 15). Wind Database (China). Available online: https:\/\/www.wind.com.cn."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gao, F., Lin, C., and Zhai, H. (2022). Digital transformation, corporate innovation, and international strategy: Empirical evidence from listed companies in China. Sustainability, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/su14138137"},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-025-06011-3","article-title":"Supply chain resilience and digital transformation: Perspectives from a supply chain network","volume":"12","author":"Tian","year":"2025","journal-title":"Humanit. Soc. Sci. Commun."},{"key":"ref_115","first-page":"130","article-title":"Enterprise digital transformation and capital market performance: Empirical evidence from stock liquidity","volume":"37","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Manag. World"},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2022.106435","article-title":"How does government attention matter in air pollution control? Evidence from government annual reports","volume":"185","author":"Bao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.irfa.2025.103923","article-title":"Is policy pilot a viable path to sustainable development? Attention allocation perspective","volume":"98","author":"Dai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Financ. Anal."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eap.2023.07.016","article-title":"Government environmental attention and carbon emissions governance: Firm-level evidence from China","volume":"80","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Econ. Anal. Policy"},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jin, X., and Pan, X. (2023). Government attention, market competition and firm digital transformation. Sustainability, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/su15119057"},{"key":"ref_120","first-page":"54","article-title":"Government\u2019s attention on basic research in the process of Chin\u2019s S&T system reform\u2014Discourse analysis of the report on the work of the government (1985\u20132018)","volume":"39","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Sci. Manag. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_121","first-page":"19","article-title":"A study on the government\u2019s attention to scientific and technological talents since the founding of new China-based on the text analysis of the government work report (1954\u20132019)","volume":"41","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Sci. Manag. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.2307\/258177","article-title":"The concept of fit in strategy research: Toward verbal and statistical correspondence","volume":"14","author":"Venkatraman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acad. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-4101(94)00382-F","article-title":"Complementarities and fit strategy, structure, and organizational change in manufacturing","volume":"19","author":"Milgrom","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Account. Econ."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74409","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-27279-5","article-title":"Research on the impact of digital economy on Regional Green Technology Innovation: Moderating effect of digital talent Aggregation","volume":"30","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.teler.2022.100010","article-title":"Digital economy and demand structure of skilled talents\u2014Analysis based on the perspective of vertical technological innovation","volume":"7","author":"Huaping","year":"2022","journal-title":"Telemat. Inform. Rep."},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70189","DOI":"10.1002\/psp.70189","article-title":"Unlocking Urban Talent Dividends: Can Digital Economy Development Accelerate Growth Through Scale, Efficiency and Allocation?","volume":"32","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Popul. Space Place"},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jengtecman.2009.10.005","article-title":"The complementarity of internal integration and product modularity: An empirical study of their interaction effect on competitive capabilities","volume":"26","author":"Antonio","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Eng. Technol. Manag."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhu, Y., and Li, C. (2025). Research on the Impact of Digital and Green Transformation on Corporate Sustainability Performance from a Synergistic Perspective. Systems, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/systems13090820"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8323","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-11225-w","article-title":"The impact of heterogeneous environmental regulation on innovation of high-tech enterprises in China: Mediating and interaction effect","volume":"28","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res."},{"key":"ref_130","first-page":"11","article-title":"Government Guidance, Policy Empowerment and Enterprise Digital Transformation","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Quant. Technol. Econ."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.econmod.2023.106629","article-title":"Top managers with information technology backgrounds and digital transformation: Evidence from small and medium companies","volume":"132","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Econ. Model."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19684","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-70605-1","article-title":"The impact of the digital economy on land transfer-out decisions among Chinese farmers: Evidence from CHFS micro-data","volume":"14","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techfore.2021.120795","article-title":"The adoption of digital technologies in supply chains: Drivers, process and impact","volume":"169","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change"},{"key":"ref_134","first-page":"11","article-title":"Government Subsidy and Digital Transformation of Enterprise\u2014A Signaling-based Perspective","volume":"44","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Res. Econ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_135","first-page":"104","article-title":"The employment effect of robots: Mechanism and evidence from China","volume":"37","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Manag. World"},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eap.2024.12.020","article-title":"Does the government digital attention improve China\u2019s digital economy output efficiency: Accelerator or inhibitor","volume":"85","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Econ. Anal. Policy"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.irfa.2023.102849","article-title":"Fintech inputs, non-performing loans risk reduction and bank performance improvement","volume":"90","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Financ. Anal."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tan, H., and Jing, X. (2024). Effects of environmental regulation on adjustment of agricultural industrial structure\u2014An empirical study based on panel data of 31 provinces in China. PLoS ONE, 19.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0296189"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.econmod.2023.106189","article-title":"Local governments\u2019 environmental targets and green total factor productivity in Chinese cities","volume":"120","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Econ. Model."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.2308\/AJPT-2022-140","article-title":"Superstition, risk aversion, and audit quality: Evidence from China","volume":"43","author":"Dou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Audit. J. Pract. Theory"},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2023.140126","article-title":"The impact of digital economy development on carbon emissions-based on the perspective of carbon trading market","volume":"434","author":"Tian","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iref.2025.104426","article-title":"How Does Enterprise Digital Transformation Affect the Cost of Debt Financing? Based on the Perspective of Customer Concentration Risk","volume":"103","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Econ. Financ."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2552","DOI":"10.1109\/TEM.2025.3578458","article-title":"Government Attention, Online Public Opinion and Enterprise Digital Transformation: An Analysis Through the Signal of Narrative Text","volume":"72","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Eng. Manag."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.26650\/ibr.2020.49.0009","article-title":"Sustainable digital talent ecosystem in the new era: Impacts on businesses, governments and universities","volume":"49","author":"Karaboga","year":"2020","journal-title":"Istanb. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eap.2022.03.020","article-title":"Can government subsidies promote the green technology innovation transformation? Evidence from Chinese listed companies","volume":"74","author":"Shao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Econ. Anal. Policy"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dai, D.Y., and Li, X. (2020). Behind an accelerated scientific research career: Dynamic interplay of endogenous and exogenous forces in talent development. Educ. Sci., 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/educsci10090220"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3932(94)01152-4","article-title":"Human capital and endogenous growth evidence from Taiwan","volume":"34","author":"Tallman","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Monet. Econ."},{"key":"ref_148","first-page":"778","article-title":"Can Returnee Executives Promote the Digital Transformation of enterprises?","volume":"42","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stud. Sci. Sci."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.6.6.645","article-title":"The impact of executive information systems on organizational design, intelligence, and decision making","volume":"6","author":"Leidner","year":"1995","journal-title":"Organ. Sci."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1007\/s00181-019-01777-3","article-title":"Dimensions of human capital and technological diffusion","volume":"60","author":"Asif","year":"2021","journal-title":"Empir. Econ."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chieco.2024.102167","article-title":"Does urban innovation policy accelerate the digital transformation of enterprises? Evidence based on the innovative City pilot policy","volume":"85","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"China Econ. Rev."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.4236\/tel.2013.32016","article-title":"Growth theory and endogenous human capital development: A contribution to the theory of complex systems","volume":"3","author":"Liening","year":"2013","journal-title":"Theor. Econ. Lett."},{"key":"ref_153","first-page":"55","article-title":"Industry-University-Research Collaboration, Knowledge Absorption Capacity and Enterprise Innovation Performance: The Moderating Effect of Executives\u2019 Academic Background and Government Innovation Subsidies","volume":"41","author":"Xingqi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Technol. Prog. Policy"},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4202","DOI":"10.1108\/EJIM-08-2024-0917","article-title":"Determining the antecedents of digital transformation and performance: The roles of social capital, open social innovation, absorptive capacity and government support","volume":"28","author":"Tran","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Innov. Manag."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fan, M., Huang, W., and Xiong, S. (2023). How enterprise interactions in innovation networks affect technological innovation performance: The role of technological innovation capacity and absorptive capacity. PLoS ONE, 18.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0282540"},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jin, Y., Xu, H., and Su, X. (2023). Digital Transformation, Dynamic Capabilities and Enterprise Innovation Performance Based on Dynamic Capability Theory and Upper Echelon Theory. Proceedings of the DMI, SAGE Publications.","DOI":"10.3233\/FAIA230739"},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4433","DOI":"10.1007\/s10098-024-02857-4","article-title":"Environmental regulations and government support drive green innovation performance: Role of competitive pressure and digital transformation","volume":"26","author":"Akhtar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clean Technol. Environ. Policy"},{"key":"ref_158","first-page":"62","article-title":"Enterprise digital transformation and audit pricing","volume":"3","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Audit. Res."},{"key":"ref_159","first-page":"62","article-title":"Administrative protection of intellectual property rights and corporate digital transformation","volume":"11","author":"Zhen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Econ. Res. J."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21582440241303255","DOI":"10.1177\/21582440241303255","article-title":"High-Speed Rail Opening, Economic Agglomeration, and Urban Innovation","volume":"14","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sage Open"},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tranpol.2023.01.007","article-title":"Impacts of high-speed rail on the industrial developments of non-central cities in China","volume":"134","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transp. Policy"},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102674","DOI":"10.1016\/j.techsoc.2024.102674","article-title":"How does the development of digital economy in central cities promote the coordinated development of regions? Evidence from 19 urban agglomerations in China","volume":"78","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Technol. Soc."},{"key":"ref_163","unstructured":"The Central People\u2019s Government of the People\u2019s Republic of China (2025, December 18). The 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development of the People\u2019s Republic of China, Available online: https:\/\/www.gov.cn\/xinwen\/2016-03\/17\/content_5054992.htm."},{"key":"ref_164","unstructured":"Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People\u2019s Republic of China (2025, December 15). Seven Local and Regional National Big Data Comprehensive Experimental Zones Have Been Approved, Available online: https:\/\/www.miit.gov.cn\/ztzl\/lszt\/tddsjcyfz\/sdsf\/art\/2020\/art_59cc06f2e0604858a60ab35c6b0319de.html."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chieco.2017.09.012","article-title":"Growth led by human capital in big cities: Exploring complementarities and spatial agglomeration of the workforce with various skills","volume":"57","author":"Liang","year":"2019","journal-title":"China Econ. Rev."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng, R., and Huang, H. (2024). An Empirical Study on the Digital Economy, Fiscal Policy, and Regional Sustainable Development\u2014Based on Data from Less Developed Regions in China. Sustainability, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/su162210057"},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi, Y. (2024). The Impact of Digital Transformation on Labor Productivity of Chinese Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs). The Future of Industry: Human-Centric Approaches in Digital Transformation, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-66801-2_30"},{"key":"ref_168","unstructured":"Central People\u2019s Government of the People\u2019s Republic of China (2025, December 16). Communiqu\u00e9 of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Available online: https:\/\/www.gov.cn\/yaowen\/liebiao\/202407\/content_6963409.htm."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y., and Ng, K.-H. (2026). Spatial Network of Digital Talent Mobility and Its Impact on Economic Growth in Urban Agglomerations in China. Singap. Econ. Rev., 1\u201331.","DOI":"10.1142\/S0217590825500572"},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2921(92)90083-9","article-title":"Endogenous macroeconomic growth theory","volume":"36","author":"Helpman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur. Econ. Rev."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.26599\/CJE.2023.9300402","article-title":"Innovation Subsidy, Endogenous Growth, and Industrial Structural Transformations: Theory and Evidence","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"China J. Econ."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113924","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2023.113924","article-title":"Digitalization generates equality? Enterprises\u2019 digital transformation, financing constraints, and labor share in China","volume":"163","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Bus. Res."},{"key":"ref_173","first-page":"169","article-title":"Human capital accumulation and endogenous growth in a dual economy","volume":"47","author":"Gupta","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hitotsubashi J. Econ."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resourpol.2024.105189","article-title":"Are natural resources, sustainable growth and entrepreneurship matter endogenous growth theory? The strategic role of technical progress","volume":"96","author":"Yuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Resour. Policy"},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/ijmr.12306","article-title":"The attention-based view: Review and conceptual extension towards situated attention","volume":"25","author":"Brielmaier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Manag. Rev."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.2307\/2077861","article-title":"The dynamic effects of government spending policies in a two-sector endogenous growth model","volume":"27","author":"Devereux","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Money Credit Bank."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.121766","article-title":"Does government environmental attention drive green total factor productivity? Evidence from China","volume":"366","author":"Du","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manag."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1108\/BIJ-12-2023-0864","article-title":"Dynamic capabilities for digital transformation in an enterprise business","volume":"32","author":"Froehlich","year":"2025","journal-title":"Benchmarking Int. J."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1108\/JKM-02-2023-0121","article-title":"Revisiting the idea of knowledge-based dynamic capabilities for digital transformation","volume":"28","author":"Mele","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Knowl. Manag."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1007\/s13132-022-01092-w","article-title":"Linking digital capacity to innovation performance: The mediating role of absorptive capacity","volume":"15","author":"Kastelli","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Knowl. Econ."},{"key":"ref_181","unstructured":"Daily, B. (2025, November 20). Proposals of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the Fifteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development. Available online: https:\/\/baijiahao.baidu.com\/s?id=1847213841689032831&wfr=spider&for=pc."},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0164-0704(00)00138-5","article-title":"The subsidy to human capital accumulation in an endogenous growth model: A comparative dynamics analysis","volume":"22","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Macroecon."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1080\/1331677X.2021.1972818","article-title":"The influence of government subsidy on enterprise innovation: Based on Chinese high-tech enterprises","volume":"35","author":"Xinle","year":"2022","journal-title":"Econ. Res.-Ekon. Istra\u017eivanja"}],"container-title":["Systems"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-8954\/14\/4\/430\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T04:11:12Z","timestamp":1777176672000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-8954\/14\/4\/430"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]},"references-count":183,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["systems14040430"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/systems14040430","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-8954"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2079-8954","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]}}}