{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:43:32Z","timestamp":1760240612769,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,24]],"date-time":"2019-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Systems"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Agile processes have been used in software development, with many case studies indicating positive changes in productivity when these processes are used. Agile processes are beginning to be applied to work beyond software-centric systems. There does not yet exist a diverse set of studies on the effectiveness of Agile processes on hardware-intensive systems. The research in this article applies a modeling and simulation-based approach which uses the function\u2013behavior\u2013structure framework to evaluate the effectiveness of waterfall and Agile processes. The simulation was validated against case studies of software-centric design efforts. When applied to a space launch vehicle\u2014a highly coupled, hardware-intensive system\u2014the simulation shows that the benefits of Agile may not be as great as those seen with software-intensive systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/systems7030037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,25]],"date-time":"2019-07-25T05:37:41Z","timestamp":1564033061000},"page":"37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Agent-Based Simulation of Hardware-Intensive Design Teams Using the Function\u2013Behavior\u2013Structure Framework"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1605-4364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitch","family":"Bott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, 35899 AL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bryan","family":"Mesmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Industrial &amp; Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, 35899 AL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Mesmer, B.L. 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