{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T13:21:41Z","timestamp":1791638501348,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]],"date-time":"2020-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CORFO GRANT","award":["14IDL4-30442"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14IDL4-30442"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Canine immunocastration development has been of interest for many years as a complementary strategy to surgical castration. The purpose of this paper was to verify the effect of a recombinant vaccine for dog immunocastration. Two tests were done, one under controlled conditions and a second under field conditions. Animals were injected with 1 mL of 500 \u00b5g GnRXG\/Q recombinant protein; 500 \u00b5g of low molecular weight chitosan as adjuvant; 1 mL NaCl 0.9% q.s. In the first trial, eight Beagle male dogs between the ages of 1 and 3 comprised the sample, randomly divided into two groups: vaccinated group (n = 7) and control group (n = 2). The second trial had 32 dogs with owners. In the first controlled conditions trial, the vaccine produced specific antibodies that remained until the end of the trial (day 270), inducing reduced testosterone and spermiogram changes in the immunized animals. In a second trial, on the field, specific immunity was induced, which remained high up to day 150. The vaccine also reduced sexual agonistic and marking behaviors. This new vaccine proved to be safe, immunogenic, capable of reducing gonadal functionality, and had a positive effect on inducing reduced sexual, agonistic, and marking behavior of the animals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10020226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]],"date-time":"2020-01-31T05:55:46Z","timestamp":1580450146000},"page":"226","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Reproductive and Behavioral Evaluation of a New Immunocastration Dog Vaccine"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7735-1218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Siel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccines, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5965-9390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9","family":"Ubilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccines, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Loaiza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccines, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Quiroga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccines, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Cifuentes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Hardman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccines, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisette","family":"Lapierre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5909-9362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodolfo","family":"Paredes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7647-9714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo","family":"S\u00e1enz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Veterinary Vaccines, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39105.659919.BE","article-title":"Dog bites","volume":"334","author":"Morgan","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.003","article-title":"Managing canine vector-borne diseases of zoonotic concern: Part one","volume":"25","author":"Otranto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2015.11.011","article-title":"Effects of surgical and chemical sterilization on the behavior of free-roaming male dogs in Puerto Natales, Chile","volume":"123","author":"Garde","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prev. 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