{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:31:47Z","timestamp":1790832707660,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]],"date-time":"2020-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586908800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009188","name":"Department of Agriculture and Water Resources, Australian Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["194374-167"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["194374-167"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>With increases in the frequency, intensity and duration of heat waves forecast plus expansion of tropical agriculture, heat stress (HS) is both a current and an emerging problem. As cinnamon has been shown to increase insulin sensitivity, which is part of the adaptive response to HS, the aim of this experiment was to determine if cinnamon could improve insulin sensitivity and ameliorate HS in grower pigs. In a 2 \u00d7 2 factorial design, 36 female Large White \u00d7 Landrace pigs were fed control (0%) vs. cinnamon (1.5%) diets and housed for 7 day under thermoneutral (20 \u00b0C, TN) vs. HS conditions (8 h 35 \u00b0C\/16 h 28 \u00b0C, 35% relative humidity). At the completion of the challenge, insulin sensitivity was assessed by an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT). Heat stress increased parameters such as respiration rate and rectal temperature. Furthermore, biochemical changes in blood and urine indicated the pigs were experiencing respiratory alkalosis. Minimal modelling of parameters of insulin sensitivity showed that HS pigs had a lower insulin response to the IVGTT and improved insulin sensitivity. Cinnamon had additive effects with heat stress, reflected in lowering the insulin area under curve (AUC) and elevated insulin sensitivity compared to TN. However, this apparent improvement in insulin sensitivity did not ameliorate any of the other physiological symptoms of HS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10040690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,16]],"date-time":"2020-04-16T05:15:41Z","timestamp":1587014141000},"page":"690","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["The Effect of Heat Stress on Respiratory Alkalosis and Insulin Sensitivity in Cinnamon Supplemented Pigs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1899-2090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeremy J.","family":"Cottrell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0219-3438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John B.","family":"Furness","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Udani A.","family":"Wijesiriwardana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7890-307X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitchell","family":"Ringuet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2644-2416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6590-3513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristy","family":"DiGiacomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian J.","family":"Leury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iain J.","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3168, Monash, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3998-1240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank R.","family":"Dunshea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9975(67)80012-4","article-title":"Stimulation of cutaneous glands in the pig","volume":"77","author":"Ingram","year":"1967","journal-title":"J. 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