{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T02:35:11Z","timestamp":1780367711983,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]],"date-time":"2020-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588896000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Feline leishmaniosis (FeL) is an emerging vector-borne feline disease, with increasing numbers of cases reported and studies performed internationally. This study aimed to update the epidemiological status for FeL in stray cats in Milan, northern Italy; compare these results with previous studies in Northern Italy; and report clinicopathologic findings and coinfections in cats infected with Leishmania spp. A total of 117 cats were tested for L. infantum and retrovirus infection, hematological, and biochemical parameters. Demographic and clinical data were collected and FeL affected cats screened for selected coinfections. Overall, 10\/117 (8.6%) cats tested positive for L. infantum: in five cats L. infantum DNA was found in popliteal lymph nodes and five were IFAT seropositive at titers from 1:80 to 1:160. Infected cats were concentrated in a specific area of Milan (p = 0.0154). No specific clinicopathologic abnormalities or retroviral infections were significantly linked to the infection, other than hypergammaglobulinemia (p = 0.0127). Seroreactivity to Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Chlamydophila felis, and Toxoplasma gondii was found in some infected cats. A high prevalence of FeL was found in a non-endemic area of northern Italy and future studies should continually monitor this data to understand whether these cases are imported or if Leishmania vectors are present in this area.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10050817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,11]],"date-time":"2020-05-11T12:26:30Z","timestamp":1589199990000},"page":"817","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Feline Leishmania spp. Infection in a Non-Endemic Area of Northern Italy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3898-6955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Spada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria (DIMEVET), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milan, via dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8241-907X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta","family":"Perego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria (DIMEVET), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milan, via dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Vitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Leishmaniosi (C.Re.Na.L), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale (IZS) della Sicilia A. Mirri, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Leishmaniosi (C.Re.Na.L), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale (IZS) della Sicilia A. Mirri, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0464-4474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Germano","family":"Castelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Leishmaniosi (C.Re.Na.L), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale (IZS) della Sicilia A. Mirri, Via G. Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaia","family":"Tarantola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria (DIMEVET), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milan, via dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciana","family":"Baggiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria (DIMEVET), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milan, via dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Magistrelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agenzia di Tutela della Salute di Milano (Dipartimento Veterinario), Corso Italia 19, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Proverbio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria (DIMEVET), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milan, via dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2018.01.012","article-title":"Feline leishmaniosis: Is the cat a small dog?","volume":"251","author":"Pennisi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-9199-jvatitd-2019-0012","article-title":"Is the cat an important reservoir host for visceral leishmaniasis? A systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Asfaram","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Venom. Anim. Toxins Incl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X13489229","article-title":"Leishmaniosis in cats: ABCD guidelines on prevention and management","volume":"15","author":"Pennisi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Feline Med. Surg."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0909-z","article-title":"LeishVet update and recommendations on feline leishmaniosis","volume":"8","author":"Pennisi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fernandez-Gallego, A., Bernabe, L.F., Dalmau, A., Esteban-Saltiveri, D., Font, A., Leiva, M., Ortu\u00f1ez-Navarro, A., Pe\u00f1a, M.T., Tabar, M.D., and Real-Sampietro, L. (2020). Feline leishmaniosis: Diagnosis, treatment and outcome in 16 cats. J. Feline Med. Surg., online first.","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X20902865"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.11.009","article-title":"Infection of sandflies by a cat naturally infected with Leishmania infantum","volume":"145","author":"Maroli","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spada, E., Proverbio, D., Migliazzo, A., Della Pepa, A., Perego, R., and Bagnagatti De Giorgi, G. (2013). Serological and Molecular Evaluation of Leishmania infantum Infection in Stray Cats in a Nonendemic Area in Northern Italy. ISRN Parasitol., 916376.","DOI":"10.5402\/2013\/916376"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2016.03.001","article-title":"Prevalence of Leishmania infantum and co-infections in stray cats in northern Italy","volume":"45","author":"Spada","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"13","article-title":"Development and validation of a body condition scoring system for cats: A clinical tool","volume":"25","author":"Laflamme","year":"1997","journal-title":"Feline Pract."},{"key":"ref_10","unstructured":"(2020, March 26). Leishmaniosis. Available online: https:\/\/www.oie.int\/fileadmin\/Home\/eng\/Health_standards\/tahm\/3.01.11_LEISHMANIOSIS.pdf."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1307.018","article-title":"TaqMan-based detection of Leishmania infantum DNA using canine samples","volume":"1026","author":"Vitale","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. New York Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2006.07.010","article-title":"Serological and molecular evidence of exposure to arthropod-borne organisms in cats from northeastern Spain","volume":"118","author":"Hegarty","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.155.13.399","article-title":"Seroepidemiological survey for Chlamydophila felis among household and feral cats in northern Italy","volume":"155","author":"Donati","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"Greene, C.E. (2006). Toxoplasmosis and Neosporidiosis. Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat, Saunders Elsevier."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2046-3","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of ELISA, IFAT and Western blot for the detection of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies in cats using a Bayesian analysis without a gold standard","volume":"10","author":"Persichetti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spada, E., Proverbio, D., Galluzzo, P., Della Pepa, A., Bagnagatti De Giorgi, G., Perego, R., and Ferro, E. (2014). Prevalence of haemoplasma infections in stray cats in northern Italy. ISRN Microbiol., 298352.","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/298352"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007594","article-title":"A nationwide survey of Leishmania infantum infection in cats and associated risk factors in Italy","volume":"13","author":"Iatta","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Urbani, L., Tirolo, A., Salvatore, D., Tumbarello, M., Segatore, S., Battilani, M., Balboni, A., and Dondi, F. (2020). Serological, molecular and clinicopathological findings associated with Leishmania infantum infection in cats in Northern Italy. J. Feline Med. Surg., online first.","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X19895067"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20535","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2013.18.29.20535","article-title":"The burden of visceral leishmaniasis in Italy from 1982 to 2012: A retrospective analysis of the multi-annual epidemic that occurred from 1989 to 2009","volume":"18","author":"Gramiccia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2007.01998.x","article-title":"The northward spread of leishmaniasis in Italy: Evidence from retrospective and ongoing studies on the canine reservoir and phlebotomine vectors","volume":"13","author":"Maroli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Int. Health"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perego, R., Proverbio, D., Bagnagatti De Giorgi, G., and Spada, E. (2014). Prevalence of dermatological presentations of canine leishmaniasis in a nonendemic area: A retrospective study of 100 dogs. Vet. Med. Int., 374613.","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/374613"},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Spada, E., and Proverbio, D. (2002, January 26\u201328). Canine leishmaniasis in non-endemic area: Incidence of positivity to IFAT test in dogs moved to endemic area. Proceedings of the LVI National Congress SISVET, Giardini Naxos (ME), Italy."},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"Perego, R., Proverbio, D., Spada, E., and Ferro, E. (2005, January 21\u201324). Canine leishmaniasis: A sero-epidemiological survey by indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) in 313 dogs at sanitary public kennel of Milan. Proceedings of the LIX Congress SISVET, Viareggio (LU), Italy."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3409-8","article-title":"Emerging feline vector-borne pathogens in Italy","volume":"12","author":"Morganti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.11.005","article-title":"Infection by Leishmania infantum in cats: Epidemiological study in Spain","volume":"145","author":"Acedo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.02.044","article-title":"Cytological and molecular detection of Leishmania infantum in different tissues of clinically normal and sick cats","volume":"202","author":"Chatzis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-4-49","article-title":"One health: The importance of companion animal vector-borne diseases","volume":"4","author":"Day","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X13514422","article-title":"Molecular study on selected vector-borne infections in urban stray colony cats in northern Italy","volume":"16","author":"Spada","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Feline Med. Surg."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.156.17.542","article-title":"Two cases of feline leishmaniosis in Switzerland","volume":"156","author":"Sager","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet. Rec."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1024\/0036-7281\/a000593","article-title":"Ocular signs, diagnosis and long-term tretament with allopurinol in a cat with leishmaniasis","volume":"156","author":"Richter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Schweiz Arch. Tierheilkd"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"1","article-title":"Current status of L. infantum infection in stray cats in the Madrid region (Spain): Implications for the recent outbreak of human leishmaniosis?","volume":"7","author":"Checa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-62","article-title":"Survey of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum, haemotropic mycoplasmas and other arthropod-borne pathogens in cats from Albania","volume":"7","author":"Silaghi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2018.01.009","article-title":"Implications of zoonotic and vector-borne parasites to free-roaming cats in central Spain","volume":"251","author":"Montoya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2012.01.010","article-title":"Coinfection of Leishmania chagasi with Toxoplasma gondii, Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) and Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) in cats from an endemic area of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"187","author":"Generoso","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.01.011","article-title":"Advantages of real-time PCR assay for diagnosis and monitoring of canine leishmaniosis","volume":"137","author":"Francino","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ceccarelli, M., Galluzzi, L., Migliazzo, A., and Magnani, M. (2014). Detection and characterization of Leishmania (Leishmania) and Leishmania (Viannia) by SYBR green-based real-time PCR and high resolution melt analysis targeting kinetoplast minicircle DNA. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0088845"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.08.010","article-title":"Detection of Leishmania infantum DNA by real-time PCR in canine oral and conjunctival swabs and comparison with other diagnostic techniques","volume":"184","author":"Lombardo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"307","article-title":"Molecular evidence of Leishmania infantum in Ixodes ricinus ticks from dogs and cats In Italy","volume":"50","author":"Salvatore","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet. Ital."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-1128-3","article-title":"Ticks and associated pathogens collected from cats in Sicily and Calabria (Italy)","volume":"8","author":"Pennisi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1534-1","article-title":"Detection of vector-borne pathogens in cats and their ectoparasites in southern Italy","volume":"9","author":"Persichetti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"(2020, March 21). Plebotomine Maps. Available online: http:\/\/ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/healthtopics\/vectors\/vector-maps\/Pages\/VBORNET_maps_sandflies.aspx."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.4081\/gh.2009.214","article-title":"Risk assessment for canine leishmaniasis spreading in the north of Italy","volume":"4","author":"Morosetti","year":"2009","journal-title":"Geospat. Health"},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"159","article-title":"Entomological survey on phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in three sub-Alpine valleys of Lombardy region, northern Italy","volume":"48","author":"Maroli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Parassitologia"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-005-0071-8","article-title":"Feline leishmaniasis and ehrlichiosis: Serological investigation in Abruzzo region","volume":"29","author":"Vita","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2015.07.042","article-title":"Detection of Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica in domestic cats in the Ege Region of Turkey","volume":"212","author":"Erol","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2014.10.004","article-title":"Evaluation of indirect immunofluorescence antibody test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of infection by Leishmania infantum in clinically normal and sick cats","volume":"147","author":"Chatzis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-3989-3","article-title":"Leishmania infection in cats and dogs housed together in an animal shelter reveals a higher parasite load in infected dogs despite a greater seroprevalence among cats","volume":"13","author":"Baneth","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1023\/B:VERC.0000045447.96444.be","article-title":"Case report of leishmaniasis in four cats","volume":"28","author":"Pennisi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3388-9","article-title":"Treatment and long-term follow-up of a cat with leishmaniosis","volume":"12","author":"Brianti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(97)00174-X","article-title":"Disseminated feline leishmaniosis due to Leishmania infantum in Southern France","volume":"75","author":"Ozon","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(02)00081-X","article-title":"Feline leishmaniosis due to Leishmania infantum in Italy","volume":"106","author":"Poli","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"65","article-title":"Feline leishmaniosis in Portugal: 3 cases (year 2014)","volume":"1\u20132","author":"Pimenta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol. Reg. Stud. Rep."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X12437352","article-title":"Seroprevalence of feline immunodeficiency virus, feline leukaemia virus and Toxoplasma gondii in stray cat colonies in northern Italy and correlation with clinical and laboratory data","volume":"14","author":"Spada","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Feline Med. Surg."},{"key":"ref_54","first-page":"100387","article-title":"Leishmania infection in cats positive for immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus in an endemic region of Iran","volume":"20","author":"Akhtardanesh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol. Reg. Stud. Rep."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1111\/vde.12180","article-title":"Feline leishmaniosis: A case with a high parasitic burden","volume":"26","author":"Migliazzo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Derm."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2009.0251","article-title":"A Serological and Molecular Study of Leishmania infantum Infection in Cats from the Island of Ibiza (Spain)","volume":"11","author":"Sherry","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-011-2461-x","article-title":"Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and Leishmania spp. infections and risk factors for cats from Brazil","volume":"109","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."}],"container-title":["Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/10\/5\/817\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:26:57Z","timestamp":1760174817000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/10\/5\/817"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["ani10050817"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani10050817","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-2615"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-2615","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]]}}}