{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T22:48:13Z","timestamp":1780958893209,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006595","name":"UEFISCDI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["project number PN-III -P1-1.2-PCCDI-2017-0473"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["project number PN-III -P1-1.2-PCCDI-2017-0473"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of dietary inclusion of two additives at the final concentration of 0.5% bilberry (E1) and 1% walnut (E2) leaves powder in the basal diet on digestive health of hens. A total number of 90 Tetra SL hens were divided into two experimental groups (E1 and E2) and one control group (C) consisting of 30 hens each. After four weeks, 10 hens of each group were sacrificed and tissue samples and intestinal content were taken from the duodenum, jejunum, and cecum in order to perform histological, enzymatic, and microbiota analyses. In groups E1 and E2, the histological analysis showed a significant increase of villus height, resulting probably in increased absorption of nutrients in duodenum and jejunum. A decrease in the specific activity of alpha-amylase and trypsin in E1 and E2 for both duodenum and jejunum compared to the control one was also recorded. In addition, the maltase and invertase specific activity in duodenum increased, a tendency that was kept for maltase but not for invertase in jejunum. The cecal microbiota of E1 and E2 individuals was characterized by an increase of Firmicutes and Lactobacilli and a decrease of Enterobacteriaceae. In conclusion, our results indicate that bilberry and walnut leaves additives in feed may improve the health status of the poultry gastrointestinal tract.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10050823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,11]],"date-time":"2020-05-11T12:26:30Z","timestamp":1589199990000},"page":"823","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Bilberry and Walnut Leaves Powder on the Digestive Performances and Health of Tetra SL Laying Hens"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5758-1422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roua Gabriela","family":"Popescu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sorina Nicoleta","family":"Voicu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Titu Maiorescu University, 004051 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gratiela","family":"Gradisteanu Pircalabioru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany-Microbiology, The Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), 76201 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Ciceu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Experimental and Applied Biology, \u201cAurel Ardelean\u201d Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sami","family":"Gharbia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Experimental and Applied Biology, \u201cAurel Ardelean\u201d Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8510-6653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anca","family":"Hermenean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Applied Biology, \u201cAurel Ardelean\u201d Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergiu Emil","family":"Georgescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiana Dumitra","family":"Panaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Research and Development Institute for Animal Biology (IBNA Balote\u0219ti), 077015 Ilfov, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anca","family":"Dinischiotu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y\u00fccel, B., and Ta\u015fkin, T. 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