{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T02:16:43Z","timestamp":1771035403517,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]],"date-time":"2020-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Urbanisation exposes avian wildlife to an array of environmental stressors that result in clinical admission and hospitalisation. The aim of this pilot study was to conduct a retrospective analysis of clinical data and characterise this based on categories of stress experienced by avian wildlife patients. The results from this study indicated that impact injuries (n = 33, 25%) and vehicle-related injuries (n = 33, 25%) were the most common occurring preliminary stressors that resulted in the hospitalisation of avian wildlife. The most common outcome of avian patients that suffered from vehicle-related injuries was euthanasia (n = 15, 45%), as was avian patients that suffered from impact injuries (n = 16, 48%). Immobility (n = 105, 61%) and abnormal behaviour (n = 24, 14%) were the most commonly occurring primary stressors of avian patients. Finally, trauma (n = 51, 32%) and fractures (n = 44, 27%) were the most common occurring secondary stressors in avian patients. The most common outcome of all these stressors was euthanasia. This study provided further evidence towards the notion that human- and urbanisation-related stressors are the main causes of hospitalisation of avian wildlife, but also indicated that birds admitted as a result of human-related stressors are more likely to be euthanised than released. This study also provided a categorisation system for the stressors identified in avian wildlife patients (preliminary, primary and secondary) that may be used to monitor the stress categories of wildlife patients and gain a deeper understanding of the complex notion of stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10091500","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]],"date-time":"2020-08-25T09:24:56Z","timestamp":1598347496000},"page":"1500","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Identifying the Stressors Impacting Rescued Avian Wildlife"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Kimberley","family":"Janssen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Crystal","family":"Marsland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle Orietta","family":"Barreto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renae","family":"Charalambous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia"},{"name":"School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2719-0900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward","family":"Narayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia"},{"name":"School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia"},{"name":"Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jepm.2013.11.005","article-title":"Advances in avian clinical therapeutics","volume":"23","author":"Guzman","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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