{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T01:44:50Z","timestamp":1768095890410,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The purpose of determining serum cortisol level is to reflect the activity of stress axis, ethological alterations, acute and chronic pain, life quality, or psychogenic stress. Although it is stated that stress can produce a measurable influence on the cortisol level, a certified value of this pain biomarker in dogs was not generally accepted yet. This study aimed to investigate if serum cortisol measured follows allopathic treatments only, or it is associated with physiotherapy, point out pain level in dogs with orthopedic disease, which could reveal the healing progress. The diagnostic identified: hip dysplasia, cranial cruciate ligament rupture, or intervertebral disc disease. Ortolani and Barden tests, together with clinical examination, drawer sign, and tibia compression test, were done in dogs exhibiting postures, and motion alteration, and X-Ray confirmed. A total of 30 dogs were grouped in healthy (n = 10) and pain groups (n = 20), the blood sampling is done at the beginning of the investigation, and after ten days of the study. Dogs were handled in two ways: G1\u2014treated with Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) only and respectively, G2\u2014by therapy and physiotherapy. The analysis was performed on a Roche Cobas Analyzer (Roche, USA), serum cortisol being determined by Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA), and statistics using ANOVA, following Tukey\u2019s Multiple Comparison Test. The results revealed that, out of ten specimens in the Control group, nine were within the normal limits: 5\u201365 ng \u00d7 mL\u22121 (24.76 \u00b1 19.48678), and one sample under the set limit. In G1, it was observed that the plasmatic P1 values were below the levels of P2, in six situations. In G2, although the status of all subjects improved radically with the removal or evident reduction of pain, confirmed clinically and imagistically, the P2 values in five dogs were higher than the initial P1 values, and in contradiction with the observed clinical reality. Comparing results, the mean difference in G1 was 0.41, and in G2 = 2.54, with an SD for G1 = 13.38, and G2 = 16.66, registering moderate development. Standard deviation illustrated that the values of treated groups were highly spread throughout the interval, and the serum cortisol assay did not generate significant statistical differences between groups in our case. This inferred the doubt whether the used detection method or values registered correctly indicates the pain levels in dog species.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10112036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T00:00:37Z","timestamp":1604534437000},"page":"2036","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Is ECLIA Serum Cortisol Concentration Measurement, an Accurate Indicator of Pain Severity in Dogs with Locomotor Pain?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Adela Katalin","family":"Markovszky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat\u2019s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine \u201cKing Michael I of Romania\u201d from Timi\u0219oara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4858-2188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corinna","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboklin GmbH &amp; Co.KG, Steuben Str. 4, 97688 Bad Kissingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ot\u00edlia","family":"Biksi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hungarian Pet Physiotherapy Society, Robinson Park 41, 2337 D\u00e9legyh\u00e1za, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mihai","family":"Danes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pasteur National Institute, Calea Giulesti 333 C, 60269 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugenia","family":"Dumitrescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat\u2019s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine \u201cKing Michael I of Romania\u201d from Timi\u0219oara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2907-4233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florin","family":"Muselin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat\u2019s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine \u201cKing Michael I of Romania\u201d from Timi\u0219oara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0089-4393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Tufarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70010 Bari, Valenzano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5500-7010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikola","family":"Puva\u010da","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering Management in Biotechnology, Faculty of Economics and Engineering Management in Novi Sad, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, Cve\u0107arska 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5420-1516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romeo Teodor","family":"Cristina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat\u2019s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine \u201cKing Michael I of Romania\u201d from Timi\u0219oara, Calea Aradului 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Srithunyarat, T., Hagman, R., H\u00f6glund, O.V., Stridsberg, M., Olsson, U., Hanson, J., Nonthakotr, C., Lagerstedt, A.-S., and Pettersson, A. 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