{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T09:29:48Z","timestamp":1787563788383,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Early prediction of lactation milk yield enables more efficient herd management. Therefore, this study attempted to predict lactation milk yield (LMY) in 524 Polish Holstein\u2013Friesian cows, based on information recorded by the automatic milking system (AMS) in the periparturient period. The cows calved in 2016 and\/or 2017 and were used in 3 herds equipped with milking robots. In the first stage of data analysis, calculations were made of the coefficients of simple correlation between rumination time (expressed as mean time per cow during the periparturient period: second (14\u20138 days) and first (7\u20131 days) week before calving, 1\u20134, 5\u20137, 8\u201314, 15\u201321 and 22\u201328 days of lactation), electrical conductivity and temperature of milk (expressed as means per cow on days 1\u20134, 5\u20137, 8\u201314, 15\u201321 and 22\u201328), amount of concentrate intake, number of milkings\/day, milking time\/visit, milk speed and lactation milk yield. In the next step of the statistical analysis, a decision tree technique was employed to determine factors responsible for LMY. The study showed that the correlation coefficients between LMY and AMS traits recorded during the periparturient period were low or moderate, ranging from 0.002 to 0.312. Prediction of LMY from the constructed decision tree model was found to be possible. The employed Classification and Regression Trees (CART) algorithm demonstrated that the highest lactation yield is to be expected for cows with completed lactations (survived until the next lactation), which were milked 4.07 times per day on average in the 4th week of lactation. We proved that the application of the decision tree method could allow breeders to select, already in the postparturient period, appropriate levels of AMS milking variables, which will ensure high milk yield per lactation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11020383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T11:54:31Z","timestamp":1612353271000},"page":"383","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Prediction of Lactational Milk Yield of Cows Based on Data Recorded by AMS during the Periparturient Period"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Piotr","family":"Kli\u015b","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lely Center Bydgoszcz, Lisi Ogon, 86-065 \u0141ochowo, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8298-2316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dariusz","family":"Piwczy\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, UTP University of Science and Technology, 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Sawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, UTP University of Science and Technology, 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1036-7450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beata","family":"Sitkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, UTP University of Science and Technology, 85-084 Bydgoszcz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7426","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2015-9377","article-title":"Invited review: Changes in the dairy industry affecting dairy cattle health and welfare","volume":"98","author":"Barkema","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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