{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T16:21:11Z","timestamp":1761582071425,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Canine gastric disorders are common in veterinary clinical practice and among these neoplasms require rapid identification and characterization. Standard ultrasound (US) is the imaging modality of choice for gastric wall assessment. The aim of this prospective study is to describe the specific B-mode and contrast enhanced US (CEUS) features of normal, inflammatory, and neoplastic gastric wall in dogs. B-mode US and CEUS of the stomach were performed in anesthetized dogs with or without gastric disorders. Gastric wall qualitative and quantitative parameters were evaluated on B-mode US and CEUS examination. A total of 41 dogs were included: 6 healthy (HEA) as the control group; 9 gastritis (INF); 8 adenocarcinoma (AC); 8 alimentary lymphoma (AL); 4 leiomyosarcoma (LEIS); 2 gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST); 2 leiomyoma; 1 undifferentiated sarcoma; 1 metastatic gastric hemangiosarcoma. Gastric tumors appear as a marked wall thickness with absent layers definition and possible regional lymphadenopathy (AC and AL) and steatitis (AC) while gastritis generally shows no\/mild thickening and no other alterations on B-mode US. On CEUS, neoplasm shows a higher and faster wash in if compared to that of gastritis. B-mode and CEUS assessment may be useful in the evaluation of canine gastric disorders in the distinction between gastritis and gastric neoplasms, even if there are no specific features able to discriminate between the different tumor histotypes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11030670","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T20:33:57Z","timestamp":1614803637000},"page":"670","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["B-Mode and Contrast Enhanced Ultrasonography Features of Gastric Inflammatory and Neoplastic Diseases in Dogs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5308-4402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Simeoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, SP 18, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Del Signore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, SP 18, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Aste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, SP 18, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Bargellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tyrus Veterinary Clinic, via Aldo Bartocci 1G, 05100 Terni, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Rubini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UltraVet Diagnostic, via Enrico Fermi 59, San Giovanni Persiceto, 40017 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rossella","family":"Terragni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pet Care Veterinary Clinic, via Marzabotto 1\/2 M-N, 40133 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6198-163X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Tamburro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, SP 18, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Falerno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, SP 18, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"de Pasquale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, SP 18, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1219-8603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naple, via Federico Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4981-4051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Vignoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, SP 18, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(99)50029-6","article-title":"Gastric Neoplasia","volume":"29","author":"Gualtieri","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vet. 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