{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T00:16:32Z","timestamp":1780100192126,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Attempts to improve the immune response and efficacy of vaccines against tuberculosis in cattle, goats, and other animal species have been the focus of research in this field during the last two decades. Improving the vaccine efficacy is essential prior to running long-lasting and expensive field trials. Studies have shown that vaccine protocols utilizing boosting with proteins improve the vaccine efficacy. The use of polymers such as chitosan and PolyLactic-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) improves the immune response against different diseases by improving the interaction of antigens with the cellular immune system and modulating the host immune response. This study shows that the prime BCG vaccination, boosted with a culture filtrate protein (CFP), alone or in combination with chitosan and PolyLactic-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA), have the potential to reduce tuberculosis (TB) dissemination by reducing the number of animals with lesions, the number of lesions per animal, and the size of the lesions in vaccinated animals, compared with those not vaccinated or those vaccinated with BCG alone. The vaccinated groups showed significantly higher Interferon-\u03b3 levels in the blood compared to the control, nonvaccinated group after vaccination, after boosting, and after the challenge with the wild-type Mycobacterium bovis strain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11041046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T10:34:39Z","timestamp":1617878079000},"page":"1046","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Prime Vaccination with Chitosan-Coated Phipps BCG and Boosting with CFP-PLGA against Tuberculosis in a Goat Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7632-3154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yesenia Guadalupe","family":"Contreras-Magallanes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctorado en Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Avenida de las Ciencias S\/N, Juriquilla, Delegaci\u00f3n Santa Rosa J\u00e1uregui, 76230 Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7260-6779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina","family":"Dur\u00e1n-Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Avenida de las Ciencias S\/N, Juriquilla, Delegaci\u00f3n Santa Rosa J\u00e1uregui, 76239 Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susana L.","family":"Sosa-Gallegos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Avenida de las Ciencias S\/N, Juriquilla, Delegaci\u00f3n Santa Rosa J\u00e1uregui, 76239 Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3302-5493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1ngel H.","family":"\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y Asistencia en Tecnolog\u00eda y Dise\u00f1o del Estado de Jalisco, Av. Normalistas 800, Col. Colinas de la Normal, 44370 Guadalajara, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1tima A.","family":"Andrade-Santill\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maestr\u00eda en Salud y Producci\u00f3n Animal Sustentable, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Avenida de las Ciencias S\/N Juriquilla, Delegaci\u00f3n Santa Rosa J\u00e1uregui, 78230 Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"B\u00e1rcenas-Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Avenida de las Ciencias S\/N, Juriquilla, Delegaci\u00f3n Santa Rosa J\u00e1uregui, 76239 Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Ru\u00edz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Avenida de las Ciencias S\/N, Juriquilla, Delegaci\u00f3n Santa Rosa J\u00e1uregui, 76239 Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elba","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Disciplinaria en Fisiolog\u00eda y Mejoramiento Animal, INIFAP, SAGARPA, Km. 1 Carretera a Col\u00f3n, Ajuchitlan, 76280 Col\u00f3n, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7821-9916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Germinal J.","family":"Cant\u00f3-Alarc\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Avenida de las Ciencias S\/N, Juriquilla, Delegaci\u00f3n Santa Rosa J\u00e1uregui, 76239 Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feliciano","family":"Mili\u00e1n-Suazo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Quer\u00e9taro, Avenida de las Ciencias S\/N, Juriquilla, Delegaci\u00f3n Santa Rosa J\u00e1uregui, 76239 Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1054\/tube.2000.0254","article-title":"Vaccination of cattle against Mycobacterium bovis","volume":"81","author":"Buddle","year":"2001","journal-title":"Tuberculosis"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.02.018","article-title":"Bovine tuberculosis vaccine research: Historical perspectives and recent advances","volume":"30","author":"Waters","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"OIE (2021, February 08). 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