{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T07:33:15Z","timestamp":1790148795706,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study evaluated the effect of different roughages fed to sheep on nutrient and water intake, ingestive behavior, nitrogen balance, microbial protein synthesis, fermentation parameters, and methane production using an in vitro gas production system. The treatments consisted of five diets: cactus cladodes Nopalea (NUB) and Opuntia (OUB), both with the addition of sugarcane bagasse (SB) and urea\/ammonium sulfate (urea\/as); Tifton hay (TH); corn silage (CS); and sorghum silage (SS), also with added urea\/as. The NUB provided greater (p \u2264 0.03) intakes of dry matter (1024 g\/d), digestible organic matter (670 g\/d), and crude protein (161 g\/d) than those on the SS. The NUB provided greater (p &lt; 0.01) dietary water intake (3023 g\/d) than TH. The time spent on rumination was shorter (p &lt; 0.01), and the idle time was longer in animals fed NUB and OUB than TH and CS. Microbial protein synthesis was not affected (p = 0.27). The final pH (6.4) of the incubation fluid and the concentration of NH3-N (39.05 mg\/dL) were greater for NUB and OUB. Ruminal parameters and methane production were little or not affected by tested forages. We recommend using cactus cladodes in combination with sugarcane bagasse and urea\/as in sheep diets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11051266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]],"date-time":"2021-04-27T23:25:59Z","timestamp":1619565959000},"page":"1266","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Nutritive Value, In Vitro Fermentation, and Methane Production of Cactus Cladodes, Sugarcane Bagasse, and Urea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Michelle","family":"Siqueira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manoel de Medeiros Street, Dois Irm\u00e3os, Recife, Pernambuco 52171-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6982-425X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juana","family":"Chagas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), 901 83 Ume\u00e5, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Paulo","family":"Monnerat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manoel de Medeiros Street, Dois Irm\u00e3os, Recife, Pernambuco 52171-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6738-7375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manoel de Medeiros Street, Dois Irm\u00e3os, Recife, Pernambuco 52171-900, Brazil"},{"name":"Animal Science Department, State University of Alagoas, BR 316, km 87,5, Bebedouro, Santana do Ipanema 57500-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8439-784X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Mora-Luna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manoel de Medeiros Street, Dois Irm\u00e3os, Recife, Pernambuco 52171-900, Brazil"},{"name":"National Experimental University of T\u00e1chira, Sector 5001, San Crist\u00f3bal, Venezuela"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8269-9959","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Dubeux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3925 Hwy 71, Marianna, FL 32446-8091, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"DiLorenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3925 Hwy 71, Marianna, FL 32446-8091, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Ruiz-Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, 3925 Hwy 71, Marianna, FL 32446-8091, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manoel de Medeiros Street, Dois Irm\u00e3os, Recife, Pernambuco 52171-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alval\u00e1, R.C.S., Paula, A., Cunha, M.A., Brito, S.S.B., Seluchi, M.E., Marengo, J.A., Moraes, O.L.L., and Carvalho, M.A. (2019). 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