{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T23:17:10Z","timestamp":1778109430404,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]],"date-time":"2021-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pericardial effusion presents clinicians with a challenge when diagnosing the underlying cause and performing a prognosis. Different techniques have been suggested for canine thoracoscopic pericardiectomy with the creation of variable pericardial window size. The aim of this study was to statistically compare the surgical time and achieved window size of the paraxiphoid transdiaphragmatic and monolateral intercostal approaches. The paraxifoid and monolateral intercostal approaches showed a mean surgical time of 55 \u00b1 20.08 (SD) minutes and 13.94 \u00b1 4.61 (SD) minutes, and a mean pericardial window diameter of 4.23 \u00b1 0.80 (SD) cm and 3.31 \u00b1 0.43 (SD) cm, respectively. A significant correlation was observed between the dogs\u2019 bodyweight and window size (r = 0.48; p = 0.04) for both surgical approaches, and between the dogs\u2019 bodyweight and surgical time (r = 0.72; p = 0.0016) for monolateral intercostal approach. All treated dogs showed no clinical signs of recurrent cardiac tamponade during the follow-up. Our results provided useful information to help surgeons make the definitive choice of the surgical technique to treat the pericardial effusion.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11051438","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]],"date-time":"2021-05-18T00:06:54Z","timestamp":1621296414000},"page":"1438","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluation of Thoracoscopic Pericardial Window Size and Execution Time in Dogs: Comparison of Two Surgical Approaches"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Macr\u00ec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vito","family":"Angileri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3049-1181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Giannetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Scaletta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinaria Enterprise Stp S.R.L., Via Galvani 33d, 00153 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piero","family":"Miele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinaria Enterprise Stp S.R.L., Via Galvani 33d, 00153 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Loris","family":"Pazzaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinica Veterinaria Galilei, Via B. Franklin 22, 59100 Prato, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2224-0833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Di Pietro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2004.tb00202.x","article-title":"A retrospective study of clinical findings, treatment and outcome in 143 dogs with pericardial effusion","volume":"45","author":"Johnson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Small Anim. 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Rec."}],"container-title":["Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/11\/5\/1438\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:02:59Z","timestamp":1760162579000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/11\/5\/1438"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}},"alternative-id":["ani11051438"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani11051438","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-2615"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-2615","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,18]]}}}