{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T18:30:44Z","timestamp":1791916244065,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]],"date-time":"2021-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A study was carried out from August 2017 to February 2018 on lactating dairy cows, one-humped dromedary camels, and goats to determine mastitis in the Bule Hora and Dugda Dawa districts of in Southern Ethiopia. Milk samples from 564 udder quarters and udder halves from 171 animals consisting of 60 dairy cows, 51 camels, and 60 goats were tested for mastitis. Sixty-four positive udder milk samples were cultured, and bacterial mastitis pathogens were isolated and identified. The antibiotic resistance of bacterial isolates from milk with mastitis was tested against nine antimicrobials commonly used in the study area. Cow- and quarter-level prevalence of mastitis in dairy cows, camels, and goats was 33.3%, 26.3%, and 25% and 17.6%, 14.5%, and 20%, respectively. In cattle, the prevalence was significantly higher in Dugda Dawa than in Bule Hora. Major bacterial isolates were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species (39.1%), S. aureus (17.2%), S. hyicus (14.1%), and S. intermedius and Escherichia coli (9.4% each). In camels, udder abnormality and mastitis were significantly higher in late lactation than in early lactation. Mastitis tends to increase with parity in camels. E. coli isolates were highly resistant to spectinomycin, vancomycin, and doxycycline, whereas most S. aureus isolates were multidrug-resistant. Most of the rural and periurban communities in this area consume raw milk, which indicates a high risk of infection with multidrug-resistant bacteria. We recommend a community-focused training program to improve community awareness of the need to boil milk and the risk of raw milk consumption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11061530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]],"date-time":"2021-05-24T12:38:01Z","timestamp":1621859881000},"page":"1530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Prevalence of Mastitis and Antibiotic Resistance of Bacterial Isolates from CMT Positive Milk Samples Obtained from Dairy Cows, Camels, and Goats in Two Pastoral Districts in Southern Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Amanuel","family":"Balemi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, P.O. Box 231, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balako","family":"Gumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, P.O. Box 1176, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0985-2950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kebede","family":"Amenu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, P.O. Box 34, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sisay","family":"Girma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agriculture, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, P.O. Box 144, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mu'uz","family":"Gebru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, P.O. Box 231, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6890-1209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muluken","family":"Tekle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, P.O. Box 34, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agustin A.","family":"R\u00edus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doris H.","family":"D\u2019Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37998, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9903-5283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Getahun E.","family":"Agga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Animal Environmental Systems Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bowling Green, KY 42101, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2108-8905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oudessa","family":"Kerro Dego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Comparison of California Mastitis Test (CMT), Somatic Cell Counts (SCC) and bacteriological examinations for detection of camel (Camelus dromedarius) mastitis in Ethiopia","volume":"119","author":"Hildebrandt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Berl. 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