{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T03:48:34Z","timestamp":1771300114236,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007801","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n S\u00e9neca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20040\/GERM\/16  and 21105\/PDC\/19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20040\/GERM\/16  and 21105\/PDC\/19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007801","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In pigs, it has been reported that increased farrowing rates and litter size have been induced by photostimulating the seminal doses for artificial insemination with red LED light. As the reproductive characteristics, production system, and outcome parameters of Iberian breed pigs are different from other commercial breeds, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effect of illuminating seminal doses from Duroc boars with red LED light and the fertility outcomes of Iberian females. Semen samples were obtained from 38 fertile Duroc boars. Photostimulation of the artificial insemination (AI) seminal doses was carried out by illuminating the samples with a red LED for 10 min, followed by 10 min of darkness, and finally 10 additional minutes of red light. The fertility study was conducted on two commercial farms using multiparous Iberian sows (farm A, n = 824; farm B, n = 2131), that were randomly assigned to LED (L) or control (C) groups. No differences were found between L and C groups in both farms (p &gt; 0.05) for parity, pregnancy rate, duration of pregnancy, farrowing rate, and litter size (total, alive, and stillborn piglets). Farrowing rates in farm A were 88.8% (n = 383) for control and 89.6% (n = 441, p = 0.67) for the LED group. In farm B, farrowing rates were C:90.5% (n = 1030) and L: 90.1% (n = 1101, p = 0.48). In farm A, total born piglets were 8.69 \u00b1 0.11 for C and 8.71 \u00b1 0.11 for L (p = 0.87). In farm B, the results were 8.72 \u00b1 0.7 for C and 8.70 \u00b1 0.06 (p = 0.82) for L. Under the production conditions for the Iberian breed, the photostimulation with red LED light using Duroc pig seminal doses was not effective in improving the fertility of Iberian sows.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11061656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T10:38:39Z","timestamp":1622630319000},"page":"1656","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Photo Stimulation of Seminal Doses with Red LED Light from Duroc Boars and Resultant Fertility in Iberian Sows"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Crespo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research \u201cCampus Mare Nostrum\u201d and Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"},{"name":"Technical Department, CEFU, SA, Alhama de Murcia, 30840 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mateo","family":"Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical Department, CEFU, SA, Alhama de Murcia, 30840 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3474-7626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joaqu\u00edn","family":"Gadea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research \u201cCampus Mare Nostrum\u201d and Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2005.23.549","article-title":"Influence of visible light and ultraviolet irradiation on motility and fertility of mammalian and fish sperm","volume":"23","author":"Bartoov","year":"2005","journal-title":"Photomed. 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