{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T06:22:39Z","timestamp":1791613359938,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011598","name":"Coordination of European Transnational Research in Organic Food and Farming Systems","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["727495"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["727495"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011598","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The National Centre for Research and Development in Poland","award":["COREORG\/COFUND\/FREEBIRDS\/2\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COREORG\/COFUND\/FREEBIRDS\/2\/2018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Optimal development of the gut is important for nutrient absorption and for poultry to resist diseases. The aim of the study was to compare gastrointestinal tract morphometrics, small intestine microstructure, as well as the amount of pasture matter and feed ingested by the birds with outdoor access presenting either an outdoor-preferring, moderate-outdoor or indoor-preferring ranging profile. Sixty non-beak trimmed birds per strain: broiler hybrid Sasso and Polish indigenous green-legged partridge were housed from week 5 to 10 in groups of 10, under conditions of EU organic meat chicken production. Pens with outdoor ranges were video recorded, to obtain frequencies of the birds\u2019 range use. Statistical analysis was conducted applying generalized linear mixed models, applying the ranging profile as a fixed effect and pen as a random factor. The weight of the pasture matter in bird crops was the highest in moderate-outdoor profiled green-legged partridges, as compared to other ranging profiles (p = 0.04). In Sasso, villi in the small intestines were significantly higher in the outdoor-preferring compared to indoor-preferring profiled birds (p = 0.04), while their area was larger in the outdoor-preferring Sasso birds (p = 0.01). The level of development of the gastrointestinal tract and its content may be a potential indicator of the birds\u2019 ranging profile and forage consumption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11071881","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]],"date-time":"2021-06-24T11:01:38Z","timestamp":1624532498000},"page":"1881","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Gastrointestinal Tract Morphometrics and Content of Commercial and Indigenous Chicken Breeds with Differing Ranging Profiles"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Joanna","family":"Marchewka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrz\u0119biec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1304-6780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patryk","family":"Sztandarski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrz\u0119biec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u017baneta","family":"Zdanowska-S\u0105siadek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrz\u0119biec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3840-935X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dobrochna","family":"Adamek-Urba\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ichthyology and Biotechnology in Aquaculture, Institute of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Damaziak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of Animal Breeding, Bioengineering and Conservation, Institute of Animal Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franciszek","family":"Wojciechowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrz\u0119biec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8644-3456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anja B.","family":"Riber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, DK-8830 Aarhus, Tjele, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9126-1905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Gunnarsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Environment and Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), S-532 23 Skara, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Hiemstra, S.J., and Ten Napel, J. 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