{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T14:58:43Z","timestamp":1776783523551,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":139,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]],"date-time":"2021-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>One of the most significant challenges in deer is the ability to maintain genetic diversity, avoiding inbreeding and sustaining population health and reproduction. Although our general knowledge of reproductive physiology is improving, it appears that the application of assisted reproductive technology (ART) will more efficiently advance wildlife conservation efforts and preserve genetic diversity. The purpose of this review is to present the most important results obtained with the use of ART in Neotropical deer. Thus, the state-of-the-art for estrus synchronization, semen technology, artificial insemination, and in vivo embryo production will be presented. In vitro embryo production (IVP) is also a biotechnology that is taking initial steps in deer. In this aspect, the approach with the proteomics of ovarian follicular fluid is being used as a tool for a better understanding of oocyte maturation. Finally, cell banks and the use of interspecific somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT) as well as the use of stem cells for gametes differentiation are promising techniques.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11071961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]],"date-time":"2021-06-30T10:03:19Z","timestamp":1625047399000},"page":"1961","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Assisted Reproductive Technology in Neotropical Deer: A Model Approach to Preserving Genetic Diversity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3652-1011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciana Diniz","family":"Rola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias Agr\u00e1rias, Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Para\u00edba, Areia 58051-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcos Eli","family":"Buzanskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias Agr\u00e1rias, Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Para\u00edba, Areia 58051-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luciana Magalh\u00e3es","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade de Pesquisa em Gen\u00e9tica Molecular, Centro Universit\u00e1rio Fametro (UNIFAMETRO), Fortaleza 60010-260, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0342-9588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maiana Silva","family":"Chaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Fisiologia e Controle da Reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o, Faculdade de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Estadual do Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza 60714-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4526-0880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicente Jos\u00e9 Figueir\u00eado","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Fisiologia e Controle da Reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o, Faculdade de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Estadual do Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza 60714-903, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7805-0265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Maur\u00edcio Barbanti","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Pesquisa e Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o de Cerv\u00eddeos (NUPECCE), Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Agr\u00e1rias e Veterin\u00e1rias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal 01049-010, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1038\/35002501","article-title":"Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities","volume":"403","author":"Myers","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Eisenberg, J.F., and Redford, K.H. 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