{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T05:22:27Z","timestamp":1790313747743,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]],"date-time":"2021-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The effect of soybean peptides from fermented soybean meal on the intestinal immunity and tight junction of broilers was assessed. Roughly, two-stage fermented soybean meal prepared with Bv and Lb (FSBMB+L), which has nearly three times higher soluble peptides than soybean meal (SBM), and reduced galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) content and allergen protein. The one-stage fermented by Bv (FSBMB) has the highest soluble peptides, while commercial lactic acid bacteria (FSBML) has the highest Lactic acid bacteria count; these were used to compare the differences in the process. Ross308 broilers (n = 320) were divided into four groups: SBM diet and a diet replaced with 6% FSBMB+L, FSBMB, or FSBML. The growth performance was recorded during the experiment, and six birds (35-day-old) per group were euthanized. Analysis of their jejunum and ileum showed that the fermented soybean meal significantly improved the villus height in the jejunum (p &lt; 0.05) and reduced the crypt hyperplasia. The FSBMB group had the highest reducing crypt depth; however, the FSBMB+L group had the highest villus height\/crypt depth in the ileum (p &lt; 0.05). In the jejunum, the relative mRNA of CLDN-1 and Occludin increased 2-fold in the treatments, and ZO-1 mRNA increased 1.5 times in FSBML and FSBMB+L (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, the level of NF-\u03baB and IL-6 mRNAs in FSBML increased, respectively, by 4 and 2.5 times. While FSBMB, along with FSBMB+L, had a 1.5-fold increase in the mRNA of IL-10, that of NF-\u03baB increased 2-fold. FSBMB+L and FSBMB singly led to a 2- and 3-fold increase in IL-6 mRNA, respectively (p &lt; 0.05). FSBMB and FSBMB+L can also upregulate MUC2 in the jejunum (p &lt; 0.05). In short, using the soybean peptides from two-stage fermented soybean meal can ameliorate the negative factors of SBM and effectively regulate immune expression and intestinal repair, which will help broilers maintain intestinal integrity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11082336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]],"date-time":"2021-08-08T21:49:41Z","timestamp":1628459381000},"page":"2336","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Assessment of Intestinal Immunity and Permeability of Broilers on Partial Replacement Diets of Two-Stage Fermented Soybean Meal by Bacillus velezensis and Lactobacillus brevis ATCC 367"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Chia Fen","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7914-9235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li Jen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao Humg","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Union Oil Corporation, Taichung 436, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching Sung","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Union Oil Corporation, Taichung 436, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shang Chang","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Kaohsiung 912, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0063-5714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tzu Tai","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"},{"name":"The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"125","article-title":"Advances in soybean and soybean by-products in monogastric nutrition and health","volume":"7","author":"Nahashon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Soybean Nutr."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6797","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pez409","article-title":"Synergistic effects of fermented soybean meal and mannan-oligosaccharide on growth performance, digestive functions, and hepatic gene expression in broiler chickens","volume":"98","author":"Soumeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. 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