{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T18:36:08Z","timestamp":1790620568065,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]],"date-time":"2021-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Project for Science and Technology Support Program of Sichuan Province","award":["2016NZ0005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016NZ0005"]}]},{"name":"National Key Research Program of China","award":["2017YFD0502200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFD0502200"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Derby (S. Derby) is one of the numerous non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars and has been recognized as a food-borne pathogen. In 2019, outbreaks of salmonellosis were reported in 13 yak farms in the Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, China. A total of 32 salmonella strains were isolated from 162 fecal samples of yaks with diarrhea as well as from drinking water samples. The isolates were subjected to serovar identification, animal experiments, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analyses. The serovar of all the isolates was S. Derby, and the sequence types (STs) were ST40. The analysis of the differences of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showed that the salmonella strains isolated from 13 farms were clonally related. Animal experiments showed that the lethal dose (LD50) was 4.57 \u00d7 107 CFU (colony-forming units); the shedding time of S. Derby in mice was 24 days; the bacterial loads in spleen were higher than those in other organs (ileum, liver, and cecum). Pathological analyses by hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining revealed obvious damage in the spleen, liver, and intestine. These results indicate that the S. Derby from yaks can cause infection in mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11082397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,15]],"date-time":"2021-08-15T21:43:55Z","timestamp":1629063835000},"page":"2397","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Prevalence, Characterization, and Pathogenicity of Salmonella enterica Subspecies enterica Serovar Derby from Yaks in the Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Xue","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China"},{"name":"Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chengdu Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Chengdu 610064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linghan","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China"},{"name":"Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Animal Disease Control Center, Chengdu 610064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Longri Breeding Stock Farm, Hongyuan 624400, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huade","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu 610064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China"},{"name":"Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjun","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China"},{"name":"Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaru","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China"},{"name":"Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China"},{"name":"Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China"},{"name":"Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongning","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China"},{"name":"Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China"},{"name":"Animal Disease Prevention and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610064, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2011.01.026","article-title":"Salmonella Cerro isolated over the past twenty years from various sources in the US represent a single predominant pulsed-field gel electrophoresis type","volume":"150","author":"Hoelzer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Navarro-Gonzalez, N., Mentaberre, G., Porrero, C.M., Serrano, E., Mateos, A., Lopez-Martin, J.M., Lavin, S., and Dominguez, L. (2012). Effect of cattle on Salmonella carriage, diversity and antimicrobial resistance in free-ranging wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Northeastern Spain. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0051614"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nova, M.V., Durimel, K., La, K., Felten, A., Bessi\u00e8res, P., Mistou, M.Y., Mariadassou, M., and Radomski, N. (2019). Genetic and metabolic signatures of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica associated with animal sources at the pangenomic scale. BMC Genom., 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-019-6188-x"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1111\/1750-3841.15042","article-title":"Characterization of Salmonella spp.-specific bacteriophages and their biocontrol application in chicken breast meat","volume":"85","author":"Jin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2013.1600","article-title":"Isolation, characterization, and application of bacteriophages for Salmonella spp. biocontrol in pigs","volume":"11","author":"Albino","year":"2014","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog. Dis."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-020-02201-0","article-title":"Effect of dietary pomegranate by-product extract supplementation on growth performance, digestibility, and antioxidant status of growing rabbit","volume":"52","author":"Hassan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trop. Anim. Health Prod."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.5851\/kosfa.2019.e75","article-title":"Nontyphoid Salmonella prevalence, serovar distribution and antimicrobial resistance in slaughter sheep","volume":"40","author":"Cetin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Sci. Anim. Resour."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2020.101447","article-title":"Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in imported beef cattle in Jordan","volume":"70","author":"Obaidat","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01099-08","article-title":"Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella isolates from infections in humans in Henan Province, China","volume":"47","author":"Xia","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.00029","article-title":"Prevalence of Salmonella isolates and their distribution based on whole-genome sequence in a chicken slaughterhouse in Jiangsu, China","volume":"7","author":"Gu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, Z., Song, Q., Li, C., and Zhan, Y. (2019). Characterization of ciprofloxacin-resistant and ESBL-producing Salmonella enteric serotype Derby in Eastern China. BMC Microbiol., 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-019-1434-6"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.JJID.2006.405","article-title":"Two outbreaks caused by Salmonella Derby and S. Anatum at grilled-meat restaurants in Fukuoka city","volume":"59","author":"Ebuchi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2010.0787","article-title":"Global monitoring of Salmonella serovar distribution from the World Health Organization Global Foodborne Infections Network Country Data Bank: Results of quality assured laboratories from 2001 to 2007","volume":"8","author":"Hendriksen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog. Dis."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1908.121511","article-title":"Outbreak-associated Salmonella enterica serotypes and food Commodities, United States, 1998\u20132008","volume":"19","author":"Jackson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2015.11.016","article-title":"An outbreak of monophasic and biphasic Salmonella Typhimurium, and Salmonella Derby associated with the consumption of dried pork sausage in Castellon (Spain)","volume":"34","year":"2016","journal-title":"Enferm. Infecc. Y Microbiol. Clin."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00e9vellec, Y., Felten, A., Radomski, N., Granier, S.A., Hello, S.L., Petrovska, L., Mistou, M.Y., and Cadel-Six, S. (2019). Genetic diversity of Salmonella derby from the poultry sector in europe. Pathogens, 8.","DOI":"10.1128\/MRA.01597-18"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2716","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.07015-11","article-title":"Prevalence, enumeration, serotypes, and antimicrobial resistance phenotypes of Salmonella enterica isolates from carcasses at two large United States pork processing plants","volume":"78","author":"Schmidt","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.01.020","article-title":"Phenotypic characteristics and genotypic correlation between Salmonella isolates from a slaughterhouse and retail markets in Yangzhou, China","volume":"222","author":"Cai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2017.2278","article-title":"Phenotypic characteristics and genetic Diversity of Salmonella enterica serotype derby isolated from human patients and foods of animal origin","volume":"14","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog. Dis."},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"e05077","article-title":"The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2016","volume":"15","author":"Authority","year":"2017","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-11-29","article-title":"Molecular investigation of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in yaks (Bos gruniens) from Qinghai, China","volume":"11","author":"Gong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.01250","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes, and biofilm formation capacity among Enterococcus species from Yaks in Aba Tibetan autonomous prefecture, China","volume":"11","author":"Cui","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2017.06.019","article-title":"Epidemiological investigation and risk factors of Echinococcus granulosus in yaks (Bos grunniens), Tibetan pigs and Tibetans on Qinghai Tibetan plateau","volume":"173","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"1022","article-title":"Isolation, identification, and pathogenicity experiment of Salmonella enterica serovar derby from yaks (Poephagus grunniens) with diarrhea in Tibetan Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of Ngawa, China","volume":"57","author":"Feng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Sichuan Univ."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7909","DOI":"10.1007\/s12665-014-3948-4","article-title":"Evaluation of immunomagnetic separation for the improvement of Salmonella detection in aquatic environment","volume":"73","author":"Tsai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ. Earth Sci."},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"Popoff, M.Y., and Minor, L.L. (2001). Antigenic Formulas of the Salmonella Serovars, WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Salmonella, Institute Pasteur. 8th Revision."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"(2021, April 23). Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, Available online: https:\/\/blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/Blast.cgi."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00270-07","article-title":"Preparation of bacterial DNA template by boiling and effect of immunoglobulin G as an inhibitor in real-time PCR for serum samples from patients with brucellosis","volume":"15","author":"Macias","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. Vaccine Immunol."},{"key":"ref_29","first-page":"1208","article-title":"Characterization of a bacterial biocontrol strain 1404 and its efficacy in controlling postharvest citrus anthracnose","volume":"50","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Microbiol. Sin."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D206","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt1226","article-title":"The SEED and the Rapid Annotation of microbial genomes using Subsystems Technology (RAST)","volume":"42","author":"Overbeek","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-1348(02)00089-8","article-title":"Salmonella typhi, the causative agent of typhoid fever, is approximately 50,000 years old","volume":"2","author":"Kidgell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect. Genet. Evol."},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"(2021, April 23). EnteroBase. Available online: http:\/\/enterobase.warwick.ac.uk\/species\/index\/senterica."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nabil-Fareed, A., Zhou, Z., Sergeant, M.J., Mark, A., and Josep, C. (2018). A genomic overview of the population structure of Salmonella. PLoS Genet., 14.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1007261"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.055459-0","article-title":"Ribosomal multilocus sequence typing: Universal characterization of bacteria from domain to strain","volume":"158","author":"Jolley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaas, R.S., Leekitcharoenphon, P., Aarestrup, F.M., and Lund, O. (2014). Solving the problem of comparing whole bacterial genomes across different sequencing platforms. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0104984"},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"512","article-title":"Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees","volume":"10","author":"Tamura","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msw054","article-title":"MEGA7: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets","volume":"33","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"(2021, April 20). Interactive Tree of Life (iTOL) v6. Available online: https:\/\/itol.embl.de\/itol.cgi."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ318","article-title":"Whole-genome sequencing for national surveillance of shiga toxin\u2013producing Escherichia coli O157","volume":"61","author":"Dallman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2017.04.005","article-title":"Whole genome sequencing reveals an outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis associated with reptile feeder mice in the United Kingdom, 2012\u20132015","volume":"71","author":"Kanagarajah","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3491","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaa345","article-title":"ResFinder 4.0 for predictions of phenotypes from genotypes","volume":"75","author":"Valeria","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00009","DOI":"10.1128\/mSystems.00009-16","article-title":"Is the evolution of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica linked to restriction-modification systems?","volume":"1","author":"Roer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Msystems"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky1080","article-title":"VFDB 2019: A comparative pathogenomic platform with an interactive web interface","volume":"47","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_44","first-page":"151","article-title":"Sampling variation of the fifty percent end-point, determined by the Reed-Muench (Behrens) method","volume":"22","author":"Pizzi","year":"1950","journal-title":"Hum. Biol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2018.2427","article-title":"Colonization of pigs experimentally infected with a monophasic variant of Salmonella Typhimurium","volume":"15","author":"Houdayer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog. Dis."},{"key":"ref_46","first-page":"547","article-title":"A Remark on algorithm as 181: The W test for normality","volume":"44","author":"Royston","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. C"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1992.tb02045.x","article-title":"Definition and application of a histopathological scoring scheme for an animal model of acute mycoplasma pneumoniae pulmonary infection","volume":"36","author":"Cimolai","year":"1992","journal-title":"Microbiol. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meatsci.2016.04.037","article-title":"Prevalence, virulence and antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella spp. strains, isolated from beef in Greater Tunis (Tunisia)","volume":"119","author":"Oueslati","year":"2016","journal-title":"Meat Sci."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.4314\/evj.v22i2.8","article-title":"Carriage and antimicrobial resistance of non-typhoidal Salmonella in cattle slaughtered in Ambo municipality abattoir, West Shewa zone, Oromia, Ethiopia\u2014A point prevalence survey","volume":"22","author":"Mustefa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ethiop. Vet. J."},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"561","article-title":"Salmonella prevalence in slaughtered buffaloes and cattle in Champasak province, Lao People\u2019s Democratic Republic","volume":"47","author":"Sychanh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Agric. Nat. Resour."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X-61.5.525","article-title":"Survey of Salmonella serotypes in feedlot cattle","volume":"61","author":"Dargatz","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Food Prot."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.12087","article-title":"Outbreak investigation of septicemic salmonellosis in calves","volume":"14","author":"Guizelini","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dev. Ctries."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2019.2765","article-title":"Interaction of Salmonella enterica with bovine epithelial cells demonstrates serovar-specific association and invasion patterns","volume":"17","author":"Salaheen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog. Dis."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-42-34","article-title":"Animal contact as a source of human non-typhoidal salmonellosis","volume":"42","author":"Hoelzer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet. Res."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2011.584134","article-title":"Importance of functional ingredients in yak milk-derived food on health of Tibetan nomads living under high-altitude stress: A review","volume":"54","author":"Guo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-016-0628-4","article-title":"Population structure and associated phenotypes of Salmonella enterica serovars Derby and Mbandaka overlap with host range","volume":"16","author":"Hayward","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EFSA (2019). The European Union One Health 2018 Zoonoses Report. EFSA J., 17, e05926.","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2019.5926"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.00891","article-title":"Polyphyletic Nature of Salmonella enterica Serotype Derby and Lineage-Specific Host-Association Revealed by Genome-Wide Analysis","volume":"9","author":"Yann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hayward, M.R., Jansen, V.A., and Woodward, M.J. (2013). Comparative genomics of Salmonella enterica serovars Derby and Mbandaka, two prevalent serovars associated with different livestock species in the UK. BMC Genom., 14.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-14-365"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hayward, M.R., Abuoun, M., Ragione, R., Tch\u00f3rzewska, M., and Woodward, M.J. (2014). SPI-23 of S. Derby: Role in adherence and invasion of porcine tissues. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0107857"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2004.02.005","article-title":"Differences in the carriage and the ability to utilize the serotype associated virulence plasmid in strains of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium investigated by use of a self-transferable virulence plasmid, pOG669","volume":"36","author":"Olsen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Swearingen, M.C., Porwollik, S., Desai, P.T., Mcclelland, M., and Ahmer, B. (2012). Virulence of 32 Salmonella strains in mice. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036043"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4504","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00924-15","article-title":"Refined live attenuated Salmonella enterica Serovar typhimurium and enteritidis vaccines mediate homologous and heterologous serogroup protection in mice","volume":"83","author":"Tennant","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"541","article-title":"Salmonella contamination: A significant challenge to the global marketing of animal food products","volume":"25","author":"Plym","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Tech."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2017.09.010","article-title":"A comprehensive review of non-enterica subspecies of Salmonella enterica","volume":"206","author":"Lamas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiol. Res."}],"container-title":["Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/11\/8\/2397\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:45:49Z","timestamp":1760165149000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/11\/8\/2397"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["ani11082397"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani11082397","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-2615"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-2615","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,13]]}}}