{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T09:22:20Z","timestamp":1766049740179,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,20]],"date-time":"2021-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Center","award":["2015\/19\/B\/NZ9\/01314"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015\/19\/B\/NZ9\/01314"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The short form of the leptin receptor (LRa) plays a key role in the transport of leptin to the central nervous system (CNS). Here, the resistin (RSTN)-mediated expression of LRa in the preoptic area (POA), ventromedial and dorsomedial nuclei (VMH\/DMH),arcuate nucleus (ARC) and the anterior pituitary gland (AP)was analyzed considering the photoperiodic (experiment 1) and nutritional status (experiment 2) of ewes. In experiment 1, 30 sheep were fed normally and received one injection of saline or two doses of RSTN one hour prior to euthanasia. RSTN increased LRa expression mainly in the ARC and AP during long days (LD) and only in the AP during short days (SD). In experiment 2, an altered diet for 5 months created lean or fat sheep. Twenty sheep were divided into four groups: the lean and fat groups were given saline, while the lean-R and fat-R groups received RSTN one hour prior to euthanasia. Changes in adiposity influenced the effect of RSTN on LRa mRNA transcript levels in the POA, ARC and AP and without detection of LRa in the VMH\/DMH. Overall, both photoperiodic and nutritional signals influence the effects of RSTN on leptin transport to the CNS and are involved in the adaptive\/pathological phenomenon of leptin resistance in sheep.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11082451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,20]],"date-time":"2021-08-20T08:44:45Z","timestamp":1629449085000},"page":"2451","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Seasonal and Nutritional Fluctuations in the mRNA Levels of the Short Form of the Leptin Receptor (LRa) in the Hypothalamus and Anterior Pituitary in Resistin-Treated Sheep"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Weronika","family":"Biernat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 31-120 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malgorzata","family":"Szcz\u0119sna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 31-120 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3158-0514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Kirsz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 31-120 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5562-7375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorota Anna","family":"Zieba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 31-120 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0921-4488(03)00055-5","article-title":"Evaluation of melatonin and bromocryptine administration in Spanish goats","volume":"49","author":"Wuliji","year":"2003","journal-title":"Small Rumin. Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2011.01.005","article-title":"Effect of resistin on granulosa and theca cell function in cattle","volume":"124","author":"Spicer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anim. Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43537","DOI":"10.1038\/srep43537","article-title":"Adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin) differentially regulate all hormonal cell types in primary anterior pituitary cell cultures from two primate species","volume":"7","author":"Peinado","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.domaniend.2018.07.001","article-title":"Resistin regulates reproductive hormone secretion from the ovine adenohypophysis depending on season","volume":"65","author":"Biernat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Domest. Anim. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zieba, D.A., Biernat, W., Szczesna, M., Kirsz, K., Bar\u0107, J., and Misztal, T. (2020). Changes in expression of the genes for the leptin signaling in hypothalamic-pituitary selected areas and endocrine responses to long-term manipulation in body weight and resistin in ewes. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21124238"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"111","article-title":"Immunohistochemical localization of estrogen receptors in the ovine corpus luteum throughout the estrous cycle","volume":"38","author":"Zieba","year":"2000","journal-title":"Folia Histochem. Cytobiol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4661","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0303992101","article-title":"Disruption of neural signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 causes obesity, diabetes, infertility, and thermal dysregulation","volume":"101","author":"Gao","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.05.010","article-title":"Leptin at the intersection of neuroendocrinology and metabolism: Current evidence and therapeutic perspectives","volume":"18","author":"Dalamaga","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.30.051606.094341","article-title":"Ventral tegmental area neurons in learned appetitive behavior and positive reinforcement","volume":"30","author":"Fields","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s11684-013-0263-5","article-title":"Leptin signaling and leptin resistance","volume":"7","author":"Zhou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-1286-1_7","article-title":"The leptin signaling","volume":"1090","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2006.01507.x","article-title":"Altered expression of SOCS3 in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus during seasonal body mass changes in the field vole, microtusagrestis","volume":"19","author":"Tups","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3868","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-0194","article-title":"Suppression of leptin receptor messenger ribonucleic acid and leptin responsiveness in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus during pregnancy in the rat","volume":"146","author":"Ladyman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2010.03.005","article-title":"The interactions of season, leptin and melatonin levels with thyroid hormone secretion, using an in vitro approach","volume":"91","author":"Szczesna","year":"2010","journal-title":"Small Rumin. Res."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"604","article-title":"Physiological leptin resistance","volume":"72","author":"Gogga","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med. Weter."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.30.051606.094324","article-title":"Neurobiology of feeding and energy expenditure","volume":"30","author":"Gao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3217","article-title":"From neuroanatomy to behavior: Central integration of peripheral signals regulating feeding behavior","volume":"15","author":"Williams","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zieba, D.A., Biernat, W., Szczesna, M., Kirsz, K., and Misztal, T. (2019). Hypothalamic\u2013pituitary and adipose tissue responses to the effect of resistin in sheep: The integration of leptin and resistin signaling involving a suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 and the long form of the leptin receptor. Nutrients, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11092180"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021859600024874","article-title":"Subjective assessment of body fat in live sheep","volume":"72","author":"Russel","year":"1969","journal-title":"J. Agric. Sci."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-07-0602","article-title":"Seasonal effects of central leptin infusion on secretion of melatonin and prolactin and on SOCS-3 gene expression in ewes","volume":"198","author":"Zieba","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_21","unstructured":"Norms (1993). Nutrient Requirements for Cattle and Sheep in the Traditional System, IZ Krakow. (In Polish)."},{"key":"ref_22","unstructured":"Instytut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) (2007). Alimentation des Bovines, Ovins et Caprins. Besoins des Animaux. Valeur des Aliments, INRA."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90151-5","article-title":"Identification and expression cloning of a leptin receptor, OB-R","volume":"83","author":"Tartaglia","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-9781(00)00195-9","article-title":"Fasting, but not adrenalectomy, reduces transport of leptin into the brain","volume":"21","author":"Kastin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.141.6.7450","article-title":"Transcellular transport of leptin by the short leptin receptor isoform ObRa in Madin-Darby canine Sidney cells","volume":"141","author":"Hileman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.143.3.8669","article-title":"Characterization of short isoforms of the leptin receptor in rat cerebral microvessels and of brain uptake of leptin in mouse models of obesity","volume":"143","author":"Hileman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS2004367","article-title":"Appetite regulation and seasonality: Implications for obesity","volume":"63","author":"Adam","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8878","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.16.8878","article-title":"Physiological response to long-term peripheral and central leptin infusion in lean and obese mice","volume":"94","author":"Halaas","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119171","article-title":"Diet-induced obese mice develop peripheral, but not central, resistance to leptin","volume":"99","author":"Compton","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R143","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00393.2003","article-title":"Obesity-prone rats have normal blood-brain barrier transport but defective central leptin signaling before obesity onset","volume":"286","author":"Levin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-9781(99)00139-4","article-title":"Impaired transport of leptin across the blood-brain barrier in obesity","volume":"20","author":"Banks","year":"1999","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1449","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-9781(99)00156-4","article-title":"Decreased transport of leptin across the blood\u2013brain barrier in rats lacking the short form of the leptin receptor","volume":"20","author":"Kastin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05026","article-title":"Central nervous system control of food intake and body weight","volume":"443","author":"Morton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1700277","article-title":"Daily patterns of plasma leptin in sheep: Effects of photoperiod and food intake","volume":"170","author":"Marie","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2011.06.010","article-title":"Interactive in vitro effect of prolactin, growth hormone and season on leptin secretion by ovine adipose tissue: An in vitro study","volume":"100","author":"Szczesna","year":"2011","journal-title":"Small Rumin. Res."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4589","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-0576","article-title":"Blood-brain leptin transport and appetite and reproductive neuroendocrine responses to intracerebroventricular leptin injection in sheep: Influence of photoperiod","volume":"147","author":"Adam","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1158","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.2000.278.6.E1158","article-title":"Partial saturation and regional variation in the blood-to-brain transport of leptin in normal weight mice","volume":"278","author":"Banks","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.domaniend.2014.02.005","article-title":"Influence of season and nutritional status on the direct effects of leptin, orexin-A and ghrelin on luteinizing hormone and growth hormone secretion in the ovine pituitary explant model","volume":"48","author":"Kirsz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Domest. Anim. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-014-3210-3","article-title":"Elevated resistin levels induce central leptin resistance and increased atherosclerotic progression in mice","volume":"57","author":"Asterholm","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(01)01211-5","article-title":"Regional differences in peptide degradation by rat cerebral microvessels","volume":"69","author":"Kastin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.domaniend.2010.09.008","article-title":"Effects of orexigenic peptides and leptin on melatonin secretion during different photoperiods in seasonal breeding ewes. An in vitro study","volume":"40","author":"Zieba","year":"2011","journal-title":"Domest. Anim. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.domaniend.2015.03.002","article-title":"Phenomenon of leptin resistance in seasonal animals: The failure of leptin action in the brain","volume":"52","author":"Szczesna","year":"2015","journal-title":"Domest. Anim. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2012.05.094","article-title":"The effect of triclosan on hormone secretion and viability of human choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cells","volume":"34","author":"Honkisz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reprod. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1698","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2011.12.015","article-title":"Effects of cell storage and passage on basal andoxytocin-regulated prostaglandin secretion by equine endometrial epithelial and stromal cells","volume":"77","author":"Siemieniuch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.141.4.7435","article-title":"Differential regulation of leptin transport by the choroid plexus and blood-brain barrier and high affinity transport systems for entry into hypothalamus and across the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier","volume":"141","author":"Zlokovic","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20239","article-title":"Astrocytes in the arcuate nucleus and median eminence that take up a fluorescent dye from the circulation express leptin receptors and neuropeptide Y Y1 receptors","volume":"52","author":"Cheunsuang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2013-0012","article-title":"Leptin-activity blockers: Development and potential use in experimental biology and medicine","volume":"91","author":"Gertler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."}],"container-title":["Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/11\/8\/2451\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:48:00Z","timestamp":1760165280000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/11\/8\/2451"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,20]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}},"alternative-id":["ani11082451"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani11082451","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-2615"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2076-2615"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,20]]}}}