{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T23:37:00Z","timestamp":1787614620051,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]],"date-time":"2021-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631491200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004329","name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Project number V-4 2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project number V-4 2024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004329","name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Programme Group number P4-0092"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Programme Group number P4-0092"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The influence of different stress parameters in racing pigeon flocks, such as the presence of diseases and environmental conditions at the time of the races, were described. A total of 96 racing pigeons from 4 pigeon flocks were examined, and health monitoring was carried out. No helminth eggs and coccidia were found. Trichomonas sp. was confirmed in subclinical form. Paramyxoviruses and avian influenza viruses were not confirmed, but circovirus infections were confirmed in all flocks. Chlamydia psittaci was confirmed in one flock. Blood samples were collected, and HI antibody titers against paramyxoviruses before and 25 days after vaccination were determined. To improve the conditions during racing and the welfare of the pigeons, critical points were studied with regard to stress factors during the active training season. Serum corticosterone levels were measured in the blood serum of four different categories of pigeons from each flock. Corticosterone levels were almost twice as high in pigeons from the category that were active throughout the racing season, including medium- and long-distance racing, compared to the other three categories that were not racing actively. Within five hours of the finish of a race, the average serum corticosterone level was 59.4 nmol\/L in the most physically active category. The average serum corticosterone level in this category remained at 37.5 nmol\/L one month after the last race.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11092686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]],"date-time":"2021-09-13T21:37:12Z","timestamp":1631569032000},"page":"2686","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Health Status and Stress in Different Categories of Racing Pigeons"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Marjan","family":"Kastelic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BUBA d.o.o.-Veterinary Clinic and Pet Supply Store, Ro\u017ena dolina 5, 1290 Grosuplje, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"P\u0161eni\u010dnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Poultry, Birds, Small Mammals and Reptiles, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbi\u010deva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gordana","family":"Greguri\u0107 Gra\u010dner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Hygiene, Behavior and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"\u010cebulj Kadunc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbi\u010deva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Lindtner Knific","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Poultry, Birds, Small Mammals and Reptiles, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbi\u010deva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigita","family":"Slavec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Poultry, Birds, Small Mammals and Reptiles, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbi\u010deva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uro\u0161","family":"Krape\u017e","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Poultry, Birds, Small Mammals and Reptiles, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbi\u010deva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Vergles Rataj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbi\u010deva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Zorman Rojs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Poultry, Birds, Small Mammals and Reptiles, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbi\u010deva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Pulko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Poultry, Birds, Small Mammals and Reptiles, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbi\u010deva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0161a","family":"Raj\u0161p","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Poultry, Birds, Small Mammals and Reptiles, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbi\u010deva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Mlakar Hr\u017eenjak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Poultry, Birds, Small Mammals and Reptiles, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbi\u010deva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3264-1323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alenka","family":"Dov\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Poultry, Birds, Small Mammals and Reptiles, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbi\u010deva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.18778\/1733-8077.3.1.06","article-title":"Animal archeology: Domestic pigeons and the nature-culture dialectic","volume":"3","author":"Jerolmack","year":"2007","journal-title":"Qual. 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