{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T07:20:33Z","timestamp":1781248833834,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]],"date-time":"2021-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["A1-S-43508"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A1-S-43508"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agr\u00edcolas y Pecuarias","award":["1672534936"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1672534936"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) is the most frequently used test to conduct seroepidemiological studies so far, and it is regarded as the \"gold standard\" test for the serological diagnosis of bovine babesiosis. The aim of the present study was to compare the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the rapid immunochromatography test (ICT) for use in the serological diagnosis of cattle exposed to B. bovis in Mexico. The evaluation of test performance was carried out with 30 positive and 30 negative reference sera. A total of 72 bovine sera samples collected from cattle in a region with endemic bovine babesiosis were analyzed by ELISA and ICT, and the results were compared with those of IFAT. Kappa value (k) was also calculated to determine the agreement between tests. The sensitivity and specificity of ELISA for detecting antibodies against B. bovis were 87% (26\/30) and 80% (24\/30), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of ICT for detecting antibodies against B. bovis were 90% (27\/30) and 83.3% (25\/30), respectively. The overall concordance determined for ELISA and ICT was 94.4% (68\/72) and 98.6% (71\/72), respectively, when the results were compared with those of IFAT. ICT was more sensitive and specific in this comparative study, showing good strength of agreement (k = 0.79) with respect to IFAT. ICT combines a strip-based assay system that is fast, practical, and sensitive for detection of antibodies to B. bovis, which suggests that it could be applied in the field without requiring any laboratory equipment for its use and interpretation of test results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11123358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,25]],"date-time":"2021-11-25T04:01:28Z","timestamp":1637812888000},"page":"3358","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Comparative Study of Indirect Fluorescent Antibody, ELISA, and Immunochromatography Tests for Serological Diagnosis of Bovine Babesiosis Caused by Babesia bovis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Juan","family":"Lira-Amaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Babesia Laboratory Unit, CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec 62550, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5795-5567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grecia","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Babesia Laboratory Unit, CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec 62550, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Montserrat","family":"Santamaria-Espinosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Babesia Laboratory Unit, CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec 62550, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto O.","family":"Casta\u00f1eda-Arriola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"La Posta Experimental Field, INIFAP, Carr. Fed. Veracruz-Cordoba Km. 22.5, Paso del Toro, Medellin 94277, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan J.","family":"Ojeda-Carrasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UAEM University Center Amecameca, Autonomous University Mexico State, Carr. Amecameca-Ayapango Km. 2.5, Amecameca 56900, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillermina","family":"\u00c1vila-Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Circuito Escolar 411A, Copilco Universidad, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4731-3592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julio V.","family":"Figueroa-Mill\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Babesia Laboratory Unit, CENID-Salud Animal e Inocuidad, INIFAP, Carr. Fed. Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534, Col. Progreso, Jiutepec 62550, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"Improving the productive efficiency of dual-purpose cattle farming systems (Taurus-Indicus)","volume":"17","author":"Urdaneta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Latinoam. Prod. Anim."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2021, April 07). SIAP. 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