{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:39:12Z","timestamp":1791851952339,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":199,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Salmonella spp. is a facultative intracellular pathogen causing localized or systemic infections, involving economic and public health significance, and remains the leading pathogen of food safety concern worldwide, with poultry being the primary transmission vector. Antibiotics have been the main strategy for Salmonella control for many years, which has allowed producers to improve the growth and health of food-producing animals. However, the utilization of antibiotics has been reconsidered since bacterial pathogens have established and shared a variety of antibiotic resistance mechanisms that can quickly increase within microbial communities. The use of alternatives to antibiotics has been recommended and successfully applied in many countries, leading to the core aim of this review, focused on (1) describing the importance of Salmonella infection in poultry and the effects associated with the use of antibiotics for disease control; (2) discussing the use of feeding-based (prebiotics, probiotics, bacterial subproducts, phytobiotics) and non-feeding-based (bacteriophages, in ovo injection, vaccines) strategies in poultry production for Salmonella control; and (3) exploring the use of complementary strategies, highlighting those based on -omics tools, to assess the effects of using the available antibiotic-free alternatives and their role in lowering dependency on the existing antimicrobial substances to manage bacterial infections in poultry effectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12010102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]],"date-time":"2022-01-03T22:51:50Z","timestamp":1641250310000},"page":"102","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Non-Antibiotics Strategies to Control Salmonella Infection in Poultry"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8124-6410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Mart\u00edn","family":"Ruvalcaba-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Genetic Resources, National Institute of Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Research, Boulevard de la Biodiversidad 400, Jalisco 47600, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9871-5407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zuam\u00ed","family":"Villagr\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Los Altos University Center, University of Guadalajara, Av. Rafael Casillas Aceves 1200, Jalisco 47600, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0378-5021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Jos\u00e9","family":"Valdez-Alarc\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Studies, Centenary and Meritorious University of Michoac\u00e1n of San Nicol\u00e1s de Hidalgo, Michoac\u00e1n 58893, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelino","family":"Mart\u00ednez-N\u00fa\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Postgraduates, Montecillo Campus, Mexico City 56230, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9759-7207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorena Jacqueline","family":"Gomez-God\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Genetic Resources, National Institute of Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Research, Boulevard de la Biodiversidad 400, Jalisco 47600, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3463-0209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edmundo","family":"Ruesga-Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Los Altos University Center, University of Guadalajara, Av. Rafael Casillas Aceves 1200, Jalisco 47600, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9194-1719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis Miguel","family":"Anaya-Esparza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Los Altos University Center, University of Guadalajara, Av. Rafael Casillas Aceves 1200, Jalisco 47600, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5745-8149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ram\u00f3n Ignacio","family":"Arteaga-Garibay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Genetic Resources, National Institute of Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Research, Boulevard de la Biodiversidad 400, Jalisco 47600, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3458-1221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ang\u00e9lica","family":"Villarruel-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Center for Exact and Engineering Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Blvd. Marcelino Garc\u00eda Barrag\u00e1n 1421, Jalisco 44430, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2021, November 30). Salmonella, Available online: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/Salmonella\/index.html."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s40588-017-0057-7","article-title":"Epidemiology, pathogenesis, genoserotyping, antimicrobial resistance, and prevention and control of non-typhoidal Salmonella serovars","volume":"4","author":"Arya","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Clin. Microbiol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2489","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61752-2","article-title":"Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella disease: An emerging and neglected tropical disease in Africa","volume":"379","author":"Feasey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5023","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pez222","article-title":"Contamination of eggs by Salmonella Enteritidis in experimentally infected laying hens of four commercial genetic lines in conventional cages and enriched colony housing","volume":"98","author":"Gast","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jibril, A.H., Okeke, I.N., Dalsgaard, A., Kudirkiene, E., Akinlabi, O.C., Bello, M.B., and Olsen, J.E. (2020). Prevalence and risk factors of Salmonella in commercial poultry farms in nigeria. PLoS ONE., 15.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0238190"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2010-01056","article-title":"Bacillus Subtilis (DSM17299) Significantly reduces Salmonella in broilers","volume":"90","author":"Knap","year":"2011","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2015.12.004","article-title":"Salmonellosis: The role of poultry meat","volume":"22","author":"Antunes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2019.04.067","article-title":"Lactobacillus strains inhibit biofilm formation of Salmonella sp. isolates from poultry","volume":"123","author":"Merino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. Food Res. J."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dhanani, A.S., Block, G., Dewar, K., Forgetta, V., Topp, E., Beiko, R.G., and Diarra, M.S. (2015). genomic comparison of non-typhoidal Salmonella Enterica serovars Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Heidelberg, Hadar and Kentucky isolates from broiler chickens. PLoS ONE, 10.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0128773"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108884","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108884","article-title":"Stress resistance of emerging poultry-associated Salmonella serovars","volume":"335","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9327","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-020-10887-3","article-title":"Transcriptome profiling analysis of caeca in chicks challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium reveals differential expression of genes involved in host mucosal immune response","volume":"104","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3807","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey160","article-title":"Benefits of probiotics and\/or prebiotics for antibiotic-reduced poultry","volume":"97","year":"2018","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2011.10.018","article-title":"Interventions to control Salmonella contamination during poultry, cattle and pig slaughter","volume":"45","author":"Buncic","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. Food Res. J."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2014.07.007","article-title":"Effect of dietary supplementation of peppermint on performance, egg quality, and serum metabolic profile of hy-line brown hens during the late laying period","volume":"197","author":"Lohakare","year":"2014","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2015.09.008","article-title":"Salmonella and Campylobacter: Antimicrobial resistance and bacteriophage control in poultry","volume":"53","author":"Grant","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-017-0849-7","article-title":"Bacteriophage therapy to combat bacterial infections in poultry","volume":"14","author":"Wernicki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1079\/WPS20038","article-title":"Methods for early nutrition and their potential","volume":"60","author":"Uni","year":"2004","journal-title":"Worlds Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6774","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.074","article-title":"Chicken embryo development: Metabolic and morphological basis for in ovo feeding technology","volume":"99","author":"Givisiez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1637\/aviandiseases-D-20-00126","article-title":"Immunity and protection provided by live modified vaccines against paratyphoid Salmonella in poultry\u2014an applied perspective","volume":"65","author":"Hofacre","year":"2021","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.3382\/japr.2011-00409","article-title":"Current perspectives in avian salmonellosis: Vaccines and immune mechanisms of protection","volume":"21","author":"Revolledo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S238445","article-title":"Oral deliverable mucoadhesive chitosan-Salmonella subunit nanovaccine for layer chickens","volume":"15","author":"Renu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vaid, R.K., Thakur, Z., Anand, T., Kumar, S., and Tripathi, B.N. (2021). Comparative genome analysis of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum biovars Pullorum and Gallinarum decodes strain specific genes. PLoS ONE, 16.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0255612"},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"Bhunia, A.K. (2008). Salmonella Enterica. Foodborne Microbial Pathogens, Springer New York."},{"key":"ref_24","first-page":"465","article-title":"Review article Salmonella: A foodborne pathogen","volume":"18","author":"Pui","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. Food Res. J."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.17582\/journal.aavs\/2020\/8.11.1232.1249","article-title":"A review of Listeria and Salmonella: An update on description, characteristics, incidence, and antibiotic susceptibility","volume":"8","author":"Abatcha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1637\/8090-081807.1","article-title":"Serotype-specific and serotype-independent strategies for preharvest control of food-borne Salmonella in poultry","volume":"51","author":"Gast","year":"2007","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00591-19","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00591-19","article-title":"Worldwide Epidemiology of Salmonella serovars in animal-based foods: A meta-analysis","volume":"85","author":"Ferrari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.18683\/germs.2021.1244","article-title":"Salmonella spp. Infection\u2014A continuous threat worldwide","volume":"11","author":"Popa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Germs"},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Sumano L\u00f3pez, H., and Guti\u00e9rrez Olvera, L. (2010). Farmacolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica en Aves comerciales, Mc Graw Hill."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.12.138","article-title":"Salmonella vaccines in poultry: Past, present and future","volume":"12","author":"Desin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Vaccines"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pew342","article-title":"Population dynamics and antimicrobial resistance of the most prevalent poultry-associated Salmonella serotypes","volume":"96","author":"Shah","year":"2017","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2020.1814200","article-title":"reduction in intestinal colonization and invasion of internal organs after challenge by homologous and heterologous serovars of Salmonella Enterica following vaccination of chickens with a novel trivalent inactivated Salmonella vaccine","volume":"49","author":"Crouch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"ref_33","first-page":"4251","article-title":"Determination and antibiotic resistance profiles of Salmonella serotypes isolated from poultry meat","volume":"30","author":"Cadirci","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fresenius Environ. Bull."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2017.75","article-title":"expert consensus document: The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of prebiotics","volume":"14","author":"Gibson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2019.12.018","article-title":"Prebiotics and the poultry gastrointestinal tract microbiome","volume":"99","author":"Ricke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pev049","article-title":"Potential of fructooligosaccharide prebiotics in alternative and nonconventional poultry production systems","volume":"94","author":"Ricke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00600-20","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00600-20","article-title":"The gut microbiota of laying hens and its manipulation with prebiotics and probiotics to enhance gut health and food safety","volume":"86","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2525","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey101","article-title":"Effect of dietary fructooligosaccharide supplementation on internal organs Salmonella colonization, immune response, ileal morphology, and ileal immunohistochemistry in laying hens challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis","volume":"97","author":"Adhikari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4034","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.03.053","article-title":"Modulations of growth performance, gut microbiota, and inflammatory cytokines by trehalose on Salmonella Typhimurium-challenged broilers","volume":"99","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El-Shall, N.A., Awad, A.M., El-Hack, M.E.A., Naiel, M.A.E., Othman, S.I., Allam, A.A., and Sedeik, M.E. (2020). The simultaneous administration of a probiotic or prebiotic with live Salmonella vaccine improves growth performance and reduces fecal shedding of the bacterium in Salmonella-challenged broilers. Animals, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10010070"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.3923\/ijps.2011.946.951","article-title":"Effect of an aspergillus meal prebiotic on Salmonella infection in turkeys and broiler chickens","volume":"10","author":"Londero","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Santana, E.S., Andrade, M.A., da Silveira Neto, O.J., de Sa Jayme, V., de Camargo, J.N.C., and de Souza Barnabe, A.C. (2020). Intestinal integrity and performance of turkeys subjected to inoculation of Salmonella Enteritidis and a diet supplemented with lactulose. Pesqui. Agropecu. Bras., 55.","DOI":"10.1590\/s1678-3921.pab2020.v55.01708"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2014.66","article-title":"The international scientific association for probiotics and prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic","volume":"11","author":"Hill","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20140144","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2014.0144","article-title":"Probiotics, antibiotics and the immune responses to vaccines","volume":"370","author":"Praharaj","year":"2015","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.043","article-title":"Dietary effect of probiotics and prebiotics on broiler performance, carcass, and immunity","volume":"99","author":"Rehman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-020-0433-7","article-title":"Salmonella Typhimurium infection disrupts but continuous feeding of bacillus based probiotic restores gut microbiota in infected hens","volume":"11","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2018.1450487","article-title":"Effect of an Enterococcus faecium probiotic on specific IgA Following Live Salmonella Enteritidis vaccination of layer chickens","volume":"47","author":"Ingberman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.14202\/vetworld.2020.184-187","article-title":"Salmonella Enteritidis reduction in layer ceca with a bacillus probiotic","volume":"13","author":"Price","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet. World."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-014-9175-1","article-title":"Immune response of Salmonella challenged broiler chickens fed diets containing gallipro\u00ae, a Bacillus subtilis probiotic","volume":"7","author":"Sadeghi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Probiotics Antimicrob. Proteins"},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"95","article-title":"A Trial to prevent Salmonella Enteritidis infection in broiler chickens using autogenous bacterin compared with probiotic preparation","volume":"4","author":"Hatem","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Agric. Sci."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, X., Ishfaq, M., and Wang, J. (2021). Effects of Lactobacillus salivarius supplementation on the growth performance, liver function, meat quality, immune response and Salmonella Pullorum infection resistance of broilers challenged with Aflatoxin B1. Poult Sci., 101651.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2021.101651"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1080\/00071660410001730851","article-title":"Immunomodulation by probiotic Lactobacilli in layer\u2014And meat-type chickens","volume":"45","author":"Koenen","year":"2004","journal-title":"British Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.12.044","article-title":"Can a combination of vaccination, probiotic and organic acid treatment in layer hens protect against early life exposure to Salmonella Typhimurium and challenge at sexual maturity?","volume":"39","author":"Groves","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.5713\/ajas.17.0063","article-title":"Protective effects of Bacillus subtilis against Salmonella infection in the microbiome of hy-line brown layers","volume":"30","author":"Oh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Villagran-de la Mora, Z., Nu\u00f1o, K., Olga, V., Avalos, H., Castro-rosas, J., Carlos, G., Angulo, C., and Ascencio, F. (2019). Effect of a synbiotic mix on intestinal structural changes, and Salmonella Typhimurium and Clostridium perfringens colonization in broiler chickens. Animals, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9100777"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.japr.2021.100200","article-title":"Combination of probiotic and prebiotic impacts Salmonella Enteritidis infection in layer hens","volume":"30","author":"Kimminau","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2021.101385","article-title":"Effect of dietary direct-fed microbial and yeast cell walls on cecal digesta microbiota of layer chicks inoculated with nalidixic acid resistant Salmonella Enteritidis","volume":"100","author":"Suganuma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_58","first-page":"59","article-title":"The role of synbiotics (commercial product) as a substitute for antibiotic growth promotor (AGP) in the performance and blood values of cobb-strain broilers challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis","volume":"15","author":"Ajiguna","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Biol. Res."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.4315\/JFP-20-330","article-title":"Effect of feeding a postbiotic derived from Saccharomyces Cerevisiae fermentation as a preharvest food safety hurdle for reducing Salmonella Enteritidis in the ceca of layer pullets","volume":"84","author":"Gingerich","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Food Prot."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2338","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.4463","article-title":"Effects of albusin B (a bacteriocin) of Ruminococcus Albus 7 expressed by yeast on growth performance and intestinal absorption of broiler chickens-its potential role as an alternative to feed antibiotics","volume":"91","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2749","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.02481-10","article-title":"Isolation of Lactobacillus Salivarius 1077 (NRRL B-50053) and characterization of its bacteriocin, including the antimicrobial activity spectrum","volume":"77","author":"Svetoch","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_62","first-page":"44","article-title":"Lactic acid bacteria:bacteriocin producer: A mini review","volume":"3","author":"Yusuf","year":"2013","journal-title":"IOSR J. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114246","article-title":"Role of herbal products in animal production\u2014An updated review","volume":"278","author":"Kuralkar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_64","first-page":"134","article-title":"Use of alfalfa meal in layer diets\u2014A review","volume":"76","author":"Olgun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci. J."},{"key":"ref_65","unstructured":"Preedy, V.R. (2016). Chapter 27\u2014Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) oils. Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety, Academic Press."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2021.106521","article-title":"Effect of dietary black cumin seed (Nigella sativa) on performance, immune status, and serum metabolites of small ruminants: A meta-analysis","volume":"204","author":"Sadarman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Small Rumin. Res."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.3923\/ijps.2007.393.396","article-title":"Effect of dietary natural capsaicin on experimental Salmonella Enteritidis infection and yolk pigmentation in laying hens","volume":"6","author":"Vicente","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anifeedsci.2015.05.007","article-title":"Effects of different levels of clove bud (Syzygium aromaticum) on yolk biochemical parameters and fatty acids profile, yolk oxidative stability, and ovarian follicle numbers of laying hens receiving different n-6 to n-3 ratios","volume":"206","author":"Alizadeh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anim. Feed Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2021.101163","article-title":"Effects of oregano essential oil as an antibiotic growth promoter alternative on growth performance, antioxidant status, and intestinal health of broilers","volume":"100","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2021.101482","article-title":"Impacts of onion and cinnamon supplementation as natural additives on the performance, egg quality and immunity in laying japanese quail","volume":"100","author":"Dosoky","year":"2021","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(00)00391-9","article-title":"The nutraceutical benefit, part iv: Garlic","volume":"16","author":"Sato","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_72","first-page":"9","article-title":"Potential role of important nutraceuticals in poultry performance and health\u2014A comprehensive review","volume":"137","author":"Alagawany","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet. Sci. Res. J."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2017.05.008","article-title":"Alterations in virulence and antibiotic resistant genes of multidrug-resistant Salmonella serovars isolated from poultry: The bactericidal efficacy of Allium sativum","volume":"108","author":"Salem","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1637\/7252-080404R.1","article-title":"Comparison of prophylactic or therapeutic dietary administration of capsaicin for reduction of Salmonella in broiler chickens","volume":"49","author":"Orndorff","year":"2005","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2981","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.07643-11","article-title":"Reduction of Salmonella Enterica serovar Enteritidis colonization in 20-day-old broiler chickens by the plant-derived compounds trans-cinnamaldehyde and eugenol","volume":"78","author":"Mattson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2012-02783","article-title":"Effect of essential oil compound on shedding and colonization of Salmonella Enterica serovar Heidelberg in broilers","volume":"92","author":"Alali","year":"2013","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2018.09.015","article-title":"Effects of phytogenic feed additive based on thymol, carvacrol and cinnamic aldehyde on body weight, blood parameters and environmental bacteria in broilers chickens","volume":"125","author":"Reis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Laptev, G.Y., Filippova, V.A., Kochish, I.I., Yildirim, E.A., Ilina, L.A., Dubrovin, A.V., Brazhnik, E.A., Novikova, N.I., Novikova, O.B., and Dmitrieva, M.E. (2019). Examination of the expression of immunity genes and bacterial profiles in the caecum of growing chickens infected with Salmonella Enteritidis and fed a phytobiotic. Animals, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9090615"},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2148","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2012-02280","article-title":"Garlic derivative propyl propane thiosulfonate is effective against broiler enteropathogens in vivo","volume":"91","author":"Peinado","year":"2012","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e05361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e05361","article-title":"Influence of sanguinarine-based phytobiotic supplementation on post necrotic enteritis challenge recovery","volume":"6","author":"Aljumaah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.07.033","article-title":"Effects of phytobiotic feed additives on growth traits, blood biochemistry, and meat characteristics of broiler chickens exposed to Salmonella Typhimurium","volume":"99","author":"Aljumaah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3564","article-title":"A century of the phage: Past, present and future","volume":"13","author":"Salmond","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sulakvelidze, A., and Kutter, E. (2004). Bacteriophage therapy in humans. Bacteriophages, CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/9780203491751.ch14"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1080\/1040841X.2020.1729695","article-title":"Phage therapy efficacy: A review of the last 10 years of preclinical studies","volume":"46","author":"Melo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsre.2003.08.001","article-title":"Ecology of Prokaryotic Viruses","volume":"28","author":"Weinbauer","year":"2004","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_86","first-page":"542","article-title":"Phage lytic proteins: Biotechnological applications beyond clinical antimicrobials","volume":"36","author":"Donovan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1080\/01445340500112157","article-title":"Oral treatment with bacteriophages reduces the concentration of Salmonella Enteritidis PT4 in caecal contents of broilers","volume":"34","author":"Fiorentin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Avian Pathol."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1637\/9599-111210-Reg.1","article-title":"Efficacy of bacteriophage therapy on horizontal transmission of Salmonella Gallinarum on commercial layer chickens","volume":"55","author":"Lim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/86.9.1904","article-title":"Ability of bacteriophages isolated from different sources to reduce Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in vitro and in vivo","volume":"86","author":"Higgins","year":"2007","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4543","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00049-07","article-title":"Bacteriophage therapy to reduce Salmonella colonization of broiler chickens","volume":"73","author":"Atterbury","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.01253","article-title":"Prophylactic bacteriophage administration more effective than post-infection administration in reducing Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis shedding in quail","volume":"7","author":"Ahmadi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1637\/7286-100404R","article-title":"Use of bacteriophages in combination with competitive exclusion to reduce Salmonella from infected chickens","volume":"49","author":"Toro","year":"2005","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1637\/8091-082007-Reg","article-title":"Bacteriophage treatment reduces Salmonella colonization of infected chickens","volume":"52","author":"Borie","year":"2008","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1637\/8406-071008-Reg.1","article-title":"El tratamiento por aerosol con bacteri\u00f3fagos y exclusi\u00f3n competitiva reduce la infecci\u00f3n con Salmonella Enteritidis en pollos","volume":"53","author":"Borie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_95","first-page":"1173","article-title":"Use of bacteriophage for biological control of Salmonella Enteritidis infection in chicken","volume":"93","author":"Lim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vet. Sci. Res. J."},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6600","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01257-12","article-title":"Significance of the bacteriophage treatment schedule in reducing Salmonella colonization of poultry","volume":"78","author":"Bardina","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Environ. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seppur.2018.09.088","article-title":"Aqueous two-phase systems for the recovery and purification of phage therapy products: Recovery of Salmonella bacteriophage \u03a6San23 as a case study","volume":"211","author":"Clavijo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sep. Purif. Technol."},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1016\/j.japr.2020.09.003","article-title":"Bacteriophage in-feed application: A novel approach to preventing Salmonella Enteritidis colonization in chicks fed experimentally contaminated feed","volume":"29","author":"Kimminau","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.03.051","article-title":"Broad-host-range Salmonella bacteriophage STP4-a and its potential application evaluation in poultry industry","volume":"99","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2019.108527","article-title":"Effect of time of therapy with wild-type lytic bacteriophages on the reduction of Salmonella Enteritidis in broiler chickens","volume":"240","author":"Vaz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_101","first-page":"345","article-title":"Evaluation of the efficiency of using Salmonella Kentucky and Escherichia coli O119 bacteriophages in the treatment and prevention of salmonellosis and colibacillosis in broiler chickens","volume":"71","author":"Sorour","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lett. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.12.97","article-title":"Bacteriophage endolysins as novel antimicrobials","volume":"7","author":"Schmelcher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Future Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barrera-Rivas, C.I., Valle-Hurtado, N.A., Gonz\u00e1lez-Lugo, G.M., Baizabal-Aguirre, V.M., Bravo-Pati\u00f1o, A., Cajero-Ju\u00e1rez, M., and Valdez-Alarc\u00f3n, J.J. (2017). Bacteriophage Therapy: An alternative for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections in animals and animal models. Frontiers in Staphylococcus aureus, InTech.","DOI":"10.5772\/65761"},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oliveira, H., Thiagarajan, V., Walmagh, M., Sillankorva, S., Lavigne, R., Neves-Petersen, M.T., Kluskens, L.D., and Azeredo, J. (2014). A thermostable Salmonella phage endolysin, Lys68, with broad bactericidal properties against gram-negative pathogens in presence of weak acids. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108376"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Antonova, N.P., Vasina, D.v., Lendel, A.M., Usachev, E.v., Makarov, V.v., Gintsburg, A.L., Tkachuk, A.P., and Gushchin, V.A. (2019). Broad bactericidal activity of the myoviridae bacteriophage lysins LysAm24, LysECD7, and LysSi3 against gram-negative ESKAPE pathogens. Viruses, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/v11030284"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enzmictec.2019.05.006","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of endolysin-containing liposomes and evaluation of their antimicrobial activities against gram-negative bacteria","volume":"128","author":"Bai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Enzyme Microb. Technol."},{"key":"ref_107","first-page":"607","article-title":"Bacillus phage endolysin, lys46, bactericidal properties against gram-negative bacteria","volume":"12","author":"Sarjoughian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Iran J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-019-01283-7","article-title":"Bioinformatic analyses of a potential Salmonella-virus-FelixO1 Biocontrol Phage BPS15S6 and the characterisation and anti-Enterobacteriaceae-Pathogen activity of its endolysin LyS15S6","volume":"112","author":"Han","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antonie Leeuwenhoek J. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ding, Y., Zhang, Y., Huang, C., Wang, J., and Wang, X. (2020). An endolysin LysSE24 by bacteriophage LPSE1 confers cpecific bactericidal activity against multidrug-resistant Salmonella strains. Microorganisms, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8050737"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2020.01.005","article-title":"Antimicrobial activity of LysSS, a novel phage endolysin, against Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa","volume":"22","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Glob. Antimicrob. Resist."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.13594","article-title":"The Endolysin of the Acinetobacter Baumannii Phage VB_AbaP_D2 Shows Broad Antibacterial Activity","volume":"14","author":"Yuan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microb. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1007\/s10517-021-05122-6","article-title":"Determination of bactericidal activity spectrum of recombinant endolysins of ECD7, Am24, Ap22, Si3, and St11 Bacteriophages","volume":"170","author":"Anurova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bull. Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109846","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enzmictec.2021.109846","article-title":"Cloning and expression analysis of fused holin-endolysin from RL bacteriophage; exhibits broad activity against multi drug resistant pathogens","volume":"149","author":"Basit","year":"2021","journal-title":"Enzyme Microb. Technol."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5461","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-021-11366-z","article-title":"Characterization of a broad-spectrum endolysin LysSP1 encoded by a Salmonella bacteriophage","volume":"105","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fm.2021.103791","article-title":"Endolysin LysSTG2: Characterization and application to control Salmonella Typhimurium biofilm alone and in combination with slightly acidic hypochlorous water","volume":"98","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fauconnier, A. (2019). Phage therapy regulation: From night to dawn. Viruses, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/v11040352"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.4161\/bbug.1.5.12540","article-title":"The bacterial ghost platform system: Production and applications","volume":"1","author":"Langemann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioeng. Bugs."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2021.101205","article-title":"Immunization of chicken with flagellin adjuvanted Salmonella Enteritidis bacterial ghosts confers complete protection against chicken salmonellosis","volume":"100","author":"Senevirathne","year":"2021","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Russell, S.M. (2012). Controlling Salmonella in Poultry Production and Processing, CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/b11519"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2020.00564","article-title":"Modeling Salmonella spread in broiler production: Identifying determinants and control strategies","volume":"7","author":"Chung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_121","first-page":"2231","article-title":"Holistic approaches to reducing Salmonella contamination in poultry industry","volume":"44","author":"Nordin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pertanika J. Trop. Agric. Sci."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Acevedo-Villanueva, K.Y., Renu, S., Shanmugasundaram, R., Akerele, G.O., Gourapura, R.J., and Selvaraj, R.K. (2021). Salmonella chitosan nanoparticle vaccine administration is protective against Salmonella Enteritidis in broiler birds. PLoS ONE, 16.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0259334"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-10-542","article-title":"Effect of vaccinating breeder chickens with a killed Salmonella vaccine on Salmonella prevalences and loads in breeder and broiler chicken flocks","volume":"74","author":"Berghaus","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Food Prot."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7094","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.08.074","article-title":"ROmpF and OMVs as efficient subunit vaccines against Salmonella Enterica serovar Enteritidis infections in poultry farms","volume":"38","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Acevedo-Villanueva, K.Y., Akerele, G.O., al Hakeem, W.G., Renu, S., Shanmugasundaram, R., and Selvaraj, R.K. (2021). A Novel approach against Salmonella: A review of polymeric nanoparticle vaccines for broilers and layers. Vaccines, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9091041"},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.51585\/gtop.2021.2.0005","article-title":"Development of an effective vaccination protocol to produce Salmonella-free layer flock","volume":"2","author":"Akter","year":"2021","journal-title":"GMPC TOP."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2538","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(99)00060-2","article-title":"Vaccination for control of Salmonella in poultry","volume":"17","author":"Turner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.08.033","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of a novel inactivated trivalent Salmonella Enterica vaccine in chickens","volume":"38","author":"Crouch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400044685","article-title":"The use of live vaccines in experimental Salmonella Gallinarum infection in chickens with observations on their interference effect","volume":"54","author":"Smith","year":"1956","journal-title":"Am. J. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1605(96)01236-6","article-title":"Comparative study of the protective effect against Salmonella colonisation in newly hatched spf chickens using live, attenuated Salmonella vaccine strains, Wild-Type Salmonella Strains or a Competitive Exclusion Product","volume":"35","author":"Methner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2020.116434","article-title":"Chitosan-adjuvanted Salmonella subunit nanoparticle vaccine for poultry delivered through drinking water and feed","volume":"243","author":"Renu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ter Veen, C., Feberwee, A., Augustijn, M., and de Wit, S. (2021). High specificity of the Salmonella Pullorum\/Gallinarum rapid plate agglutination test despite vaccinations against Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium. Avian Pathol., 1\u20137.","DOI":"10.1080\/03079457.2021.1990854"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s42269-019-0260-1","article-title":"Bacterial vaccines in poultry","volume":"44","author":"Rabie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Doc. Bull. Natl. Res. Cent."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.04.029","article-title":"Live attenuated vaccines for invasive Salmonella infections","volume":"33","author":"Tennant","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.26.1.1742","article-title":"The use of vaccination in poultry production. Revue scientifique et technique","volume":"26","author":"Marangon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. Off. Epizoot. Rev. Sci. Tech."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.10.018","article-title":"Evaluation of live-attenuated Salmonella vaccines expressing Campylobacter antigens for control of C. jejuni in Poultry","volume":"28","author":"Buckley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2021.104265","article-title":"Immunization of chickens with Salmonella Gallinarium ghosts expressing Salmonella Enteritidis NFliC-FimAC and CD40LC fusion antigen enhances cell-mediated immune responses and protects against wild-type challenges with both species","volume":"126","author":"Senevirathne","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dev. Comp. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pev127","article-title":"response of layer and broiler strain chickens to parenteral administration of a live Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine","volume":"94","author":"Groves","year":"2015","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2018.03.022","article-title":"Oral vaccination with a live Salmonella Enteritidis\/Typhimurium bivalent vaccine in layers induces cross-protection against caecal and internal organ colonization by a Salmonella Infantis strain","volume":"218","author":"Eeckhaut","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1017\/S146625230800145X","article-title":"Interactions between commensal bacteria and the gut-associated immune system of the chicken","volume":"9","author":"Brisbin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anim. Health Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.22674","article-title":"The several elements of intestinal innate immune system at the beginning of the life of broiler chicks","volume":"79","author":"Eren","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microsc. Res. Tech."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268805004711","article-title":"Vaccination and early protection against non-host-specific Salmonella serotypes in poultry: Exploitation of innate immunity and microbial activity","volume":"133","author":"Methner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Foged, C., Rades, T., Perrie, Y., and Hooks, S. (2015). Classification of vaccines. Subunit Vaccine Delivery, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-1417-3"},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1637\/8516-110908-Reg.1","article-title":"Efficacy of a novel trivalent inactivated vaccine against the shedding of Salmonella in a chicken challenge model","volume":"53","author":"Deguchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Foged, C., Rades, T., Perrie, Y., and Hook, S. (2015). Subunit Vaccine Delivery, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-1417-3"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Paiva, J., Penha Filho, R., Arg\u00fcello, Y., da Silva, M., Gardin, Y., Resende, F., Berchieri Junior, A., and Sesti, L. (2009). Efficacy of several Salmonella vaccination programs against experimental challenge with Salmonella Gallinarum in commercial brown layer and broiler breeder hens. Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic., 11.","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-635X2009000100010"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mares, M. (2017). Current Topics in Salmonella and Salmonellosis, InTech.","DOI":"10.5772\/63008"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2018.06.001","article-title":"Flagellin-deficient outer membrane vesicles as adjuvant induce cross-protection of Salmonella Typhimurium outer membrane proteins against infection by heterologous Salmonella serotypes","volume":"308","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Microbiol. Suppl."},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1656(99)00107-8","article-title":"Production of recombinant subunit vaccines: Protein immunogens, live delivery systems and nucleic acid vaccines","volume":"73","author":"Liljeqvist","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2012.10.006","article-title":"New technologies in developing recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccine vectors","volume":"58","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2016.00063","article-title":"Applications of in ovo technique for the optimal development of the gastrointestinal tract and the potential influence on the establishment of its microbiome in poultry","volume":"3","author":"Roto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pev015","article-title":"Consequences of different growth rates in broiler breeder and layer hens on embryogenesis, metabolism and metabolic rate: A review","volume":"94","author":"Janicki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/82.11.1747","article-title":"Morphological, molecular, and functional changes in the chicken small intestine of the late-term embryo","volume":"82","author":"Uni","year":"2003","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1994","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0721994","article-title":"Research note: Effect of posthatch holding time on performance and on residual yolk and liver composition","volume":"72","author":"Nir","year":"1993","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/80.7.912","article-title":"The effect of early feeding on growth and small intestinal development in the posthatch poult","volume":"80","author":"Noy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.4.858","article-title":"Early posthatch starvation decreases satellite cell proliferation and skeletal muscle growth in chicks","volume":"130","author":"Halevy","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/S1096-4959(02)00131-8","article-title":"The effect of early posthatch starvation on calpain mRNA levels","volume":"133","author":"Mozdziak","year":"2002","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_158","unstructured":"Distinguished, W.N.R. (2012). Embryo Epigenomic Response to Breeder Management and Nutrition, World\u2019s Poultry Congress."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2849","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pew172","article-title":"Adaptive response of broilers to dietary phosphorus and calcium restrictions","volume":"95","author":"Rousseau","year":"2016","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-35982010001300030","article-title":"Nutritional Genomics: A practical approach by early life conditioning with dietary phosphorus","volume":"39","author":"Ashwell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Zootec."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5079","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.016","article-title":"Dynamic distribution of gut microbiota during embryonic development in chicken","volume":"99","author":"Akinyemi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2020.104710","article-title":"Sex differences in growth performance are related to cecal microbiota in chicken","volume":"150","author":"Cui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7009","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pez336","article-title":"Differences in gut microbiota composition of laying hen lines divergently selected on feather pecking","volume":"98","author":"Kjaer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.2307\/1590032","article-title":"Resistance of Marek\u2019s disease at hatching in chickens vaccinated as embryos with the turkey herpesvirus","volume":"26","author":"Sharma","year":"1982","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2020.10.011","article-title":"Gut Microbiota is associated with protection against marek\u2019s disease virus infection in chickens","volume":"553","author":"Bavananthasivam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Virology."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1016\/S2095-3119(17)61704-0","article-title":"Effect of in ovo zinc injection on the embryonic development, tissue zinc contents, antioxidation, and related gene expressions of broiler breeder eggs","volume":"17","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Integr. Agric."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2010-01130","article-title":"Effects of commercial in ovo injection of carbohydrates on broiler embryogenesis","volume":"90","author":"Zhai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2290","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pey609","article-title":"Effects of in ovo injection of sulfur-containing amino acids on heat shock protein 70, corticosterone hormone, antioxidant indices, and lipid profile of newly hatched broiler chicks exposed to heat stress during incubation","volume":"98","author":"Elnesr","year":"2019","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.06.061","article-title":"In ovo supplementation of chitooligosaccharide and chlorella polysaccharide affects cecal microbial community, metabolic pathways, and fermentation metabolites in broiler chickens","volume":"99","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pex260","article-title":"Effects of in ovo feeding of cationic amino acids on hatchability, hatch weights, and organ developments in domestic pigeon squabs (Columba livia)","volume":"97","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pez556","article-title":"Effect of galactooligosaccharides delivered in ovo on meat quality traits of broiler chickens exposed to heat Stress","volume":"99","author":"Tavaniello","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.11.072","article-title":"Effects of in ovo probiotic administration on the incidence of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in broilers and an evaluation on its virulence and antimicrobial resistance properties","volume":"100","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.02.116","article-title":"Chicken immune response following in ovo delivery of bacterial flagellin","volume":"36","author":"Vaezirad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2012-02936","article-title":"Effect of immersion and inoculation in ovo of Lactobacillus spp. in embryonated chicken eggs in the prevention of Salmonella Enteritidis after hatch","volume":"92","author":"Yamawaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pew430","article-title":"Effect of in ovo injection of raffinose on growth performance and gut health parameters of broiler chicken","volume":"96","author":"Berrocoso","year":"2017","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pev076","article-title":"Effect of in ovo-delivered prebiotics and synbiotics on lymphoid-organs\u2019 morphology in chickens","volume":"94","author":"Madej","year":"2015","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pew438","article-title":"Effects of in ovo feeding of dextrin-iodinated casein in broilers: I. hatch weights and early growth performance","volume":"96","author":"Abousaad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_178","first-page":"425","article-title":"Prevention of Salmonella colonization in neonatal broiler chicks by using different routes of probiotic administration in hatchery evaluated by culture and PCR techniques","volume":"12","author":"Hashemzadeh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Agric. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.0740018","article-title":"In ovo administration of Salmonella Enteritidis-immune lymphokines confers protection to neonatal chicks against Salmonella Enteritidis organ infectivity","volume":"74","author":"McGruder","year":"1995","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2014.0062","article-title":"Immunomodulatory role of probiotics in poultry and potential in ovo application","volume":"6","author":"Cox","year":"2015","journal-title":"Benef. Microbes."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1093\/japr\/6.3.260","article-title":"In ovo injection of competitive hatching eggs exclusion culture in broiler","volume":"6","author":"Meijerhof","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2015.06.006","article-title":"Immunomodulatory activity and control of Salmonella Enteritidis colonization in the intestinal tract of chickens by Lactobacillus based probiotic","volume":"167","author":"Fernando","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2074","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pew494","article-title":"In ovo evaluation of FloraMax\u00ae-B11 on Marek\u2019s disease HVT vaccine protective efficacy, hatchability, microbiota composition, morphometric analysis, and Salmonella Enteritidis infection in broiler chickens","volume":"96","author":"Teague","year":"2017","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1093\/japr\/10.4.376","article-title":"In ovo gentamicin and mucosal starter culture to control Salmonella in broiler production","volume":"10","author":"Bailey","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Appl. Poult. Res."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.08.002","article-title":"In ovo inoculation of an Enterococcus faecium\u2013based product to enhance broiler hatchability, live performance, and intestinal morphology","volume":"99","author":"Dittoe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.3382\/ps.2013-03409","article-title":"In ovo inoculation of chicken embryos with probiotic bacteria and its effect on posthatch Salmonella susceptibility","volume":"93","author":"Montijn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pew381","article-title":"In ovo supplementation of probiotics and its effects on performance and immune-related gene expression in broiler chicks","volume":"96","author":"Pender","year":"2017","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2008.10.001","article-title":"In ovo treatment with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides decreases colonization of Salmonella Enteriditis in broiler chickens","volume":"127","author":"MacKinnon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol."},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(75)90213-2","article-title":"A rapid method for determining sequences in DNA by primed synthesis with DNA polymerase","volume":"94","author":"Sanger","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5463","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.74.12.5463","article-title":"DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors","volume":"74","author":"Sanger","year":"1977","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R227","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddq416","article-title":"A window into third-generation sequencing","volume":"19","author":"Schadt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s13353-011-0057-x","article-title":"Sequencing technologies and genome sequencing","volume":"52","author":"Pareek","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Appl. Genet."},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt0209-150","article-title":"Sequencing in real time","volume":"27","author":"Metzker","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08832","article-title":"Whole-genome resequencing reveals loci under selection during chicken domestication","volume":"464","author":"Rubin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_195","first-page":"1","article-title":"Global spread of Salmonella Enteritidis via centralized sourcing and international trade of poultry breeding stocks","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-019-10220-7","article-title":"Short-term feeding of probiotics and synbiotics modulates caecal microbiota during Salmonella Typhimurium infection but does not reduce shedding and invasion in chickens","volume":"104","author":"Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7055","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2020.09.073","article-title":"Highly nutritious diet resists Salmonella Typhimurium infections by improving intestinal microbiota and morphology in broiler chickens","volume":"99","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.3390\/genes10120979","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis of the cecal tonsil of jingxing yellow chickens revealed the mechanism of differential resistance to Salmonella","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.4315\/0362-028X.JFP-18-235","article-title":"Transcriptome analysis of Salmonella Heidelberg after exposure to cetylpyridinium chloride, acidified calcium hypochlorite, and peroxyacetic Acid","volume":"82","author":"Cadena","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Food Prot."}],"container-title":["Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/12\/1\/102\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T13:59:52Z","timestamp":1760363992000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/12\/1\/102"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"references-count":199,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["ani12010102"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani12010102","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-2615"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-2615","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]}}}