{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T22:26:08Z","timestamp":1785018368509,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]],"date-time":"2022-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union and co-financed by the European Social Fund","award":["EFOP-3.6.3-VEKOP-16-2017-00005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EFOP-3.6.3-VEKOP-16-2017-00005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Molecular sexing techniques are widely applied in conservation biology, although the range of forensically validated methods is fairly limited. The primary aim of this work was to develop forensically validated assays, using two PCR panels for sex and species assignment for the abundant antlered European game species: red deer (Cervus elaphus), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and fallow deer (Dama dama). Segments of the SRY and Amelogenin X\/Y genes for sex determination, additionally species-specific cytochrome b regions for species detection were targeted and separately amplified in two multiplex reactions. These assays can reliably analyze trace amounts of DNA. The results of both can easily be visualized and interpreted practically, either on agarose gel or by capillary electrophoresis. These simple, fast molecular assays are able to affect the early-stage resolution of disputed or unsolved poaching cases, without the need of individualization or sequencing of forensic samples.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12030246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]],"date-time":"2022-01-20T22:40:20Z","timestamp":1642718420000},"page":"246","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Molecular Sexing and Species Detection of Antlered European Hunting Game for Forensic Purposes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0650-2178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petra","family":"Zenke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n u. 2., H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orsolya Krisztina","family":"Zork\u00f3czy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n u. 2., H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e1l","family":"Lehotzky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hungarian Hunters\u2019 National Chamber, Medve u. 34-40., H-1027 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5568-7319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00e1szl\u00f3","family":"\u00d3zsv\u00e1ri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Forensics and Economics, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n u. 2., H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2873-3332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zsolt","family":"P\u00e1d\u00e1r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School, University of P\u00e9cs, Szigeti \u00fat 12., H-7624 Pecs, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.14066","article-title":"Humans Are Animals, too. 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