{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T14:25:35Z","timestamp":1763389535635,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lower than expected arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) continues to be an unresolved problem in equine anesthesia. The aim of this randomized, crossover, and prospective study using six adult horses is to determine if a 15\u00b0 reverse Trendelenburg position (RTP) increases PaO2 during inhalation anesthesia. Under constant-dose isoflurane anesthesia, dorsally recumbent horses were positioned either horizontally (HP) or in a 15\u00b0 RTP for 2 h. Lungs were mechanically ventilated (15 mL\/kg, 6 breaths\/min). Arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2), PaO2, inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2), and end-tidal carbon dioxide tension (EtCO2) were determined every 30 min during anesthesia. Indices of dead-space ventilation (Vd\/Vt), oxygenation (P\u2013F ratio), and perfusion (F\u2013shunt) were calculated. Dobutamine and phenylephrine were used to support mean arterial pressure (MAP). Data are presented as median and range. In one horse, which was deemed an outlier due to its thoracic dimensions and body conformation, indices of oxygenation worsened in RTP compared to HP (median PaO2 438 vs. 568 mmHg; P\u2013F ratio 454 vs. 586 mmHg, and F\u2013shunt 13.0 vs. 5.7 mmHg). This horse was excluded from calculations. In the remaining five horses they were significantly better with RTP compared to HP. Results in remaining five horses showed that PaO2 (502, 467\u2013575 vs. 437, 395\u2013445 mmHg), P-F ratio (518, 484\u2013598 vs. 455, 407\u2013458 mmHg), and F-shunt (10.1, 4.2\u201311.7 vs. 14.2, 13.8\u201316.0 mmHg) were significantly different between RTP and HP (p = 0.03). Other variables were not significantly different. In conclusion, the 15\u00b0 RTP resulted in better oxygenation than HP in dorsally recumbent, isoflurane-anesthetized horses, although worsening of oxygenation may occur in individual horses. A study detailing the cardiovascular consequences of RTP is necessary before it can be recommended for clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12030353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T09:59:21Z","timestamp":1643709561000},"page":"353","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of 15\u00b0 Reverse Trendelenburg Position on Arterial Oxygen Tension during Isoflurane Anesthesia in Horses"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Tucker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Wendt-Hornickle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline F.","family":"Baldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA"},{"name":"Boston Scientific, Research and Technology Center, Arden Hills, MN 55112, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Allweiler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7980-9018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alonso G. P.","family":"Guedes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/40.8.560","article-title":"Alveolar-arterial oxygen tension differences in anaesthetized horses","volume":"40","author":"Hall","year":"1968","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"61","article-title":"Cardiopulmonary dysfunction in anesthetized, laterally recumbent horses","volume":"30","author":"Gillespie","year":"1969","journal-title":"Am. J. Vet. 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