{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:31:32Z","timestamp":1787027492533,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,9]],"date-time":"2022-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Well-bred Program of Shandong Province","award":["2017LZGC020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017LZGC020"]}]},{"name":"Taishan Leading Industry Talents- Agricultural Science of Shandong Province","award":["LJNY201713"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LJNY201713"]}]},{"name":"Shandong Province Modern Agricultural Technology System Donkey Industrial Innovation Team","award":["SDAIT-27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SDAIT-27"]}]},{"name":"The Open Project of Liaocheng Universtiy Animal Husbandry Discipline","award":["319312101-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["319312101-14"]}]},{"name":"The Open Project of Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Donkey Industry Technology","award":["3193308"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3193308"]}]},{"name":"Research on Donkey Pregnancy Improvement","award":["K20LC0901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K20LC0901"]}]},{"name":"Liaocheng University scientific research fund","award":["318052025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["318052025"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The fibrolytic enzymes and the hindgut fungi in donkey cecum-colon ecosystem play an important role in dietary fiber digestion. A better understanding of the fibrolytic enzyme profiles and the fungal community along donkey caecum and colon is key for optimizing hindgut function. In the present study, the fibrolytic enzyme activities within donkey caecum and colon were firstly measured by spectrophotometry. Activities of carboxymethyl cellulase, avicelase, xylanase, and acetyl esterase were greater in donkey dorsal colon than in caecum, indicating that the colon microorganisms may be more efficient in producing fibrolytic enzymes compared to caecum microbes. The fungal community composition along donkey hindgut was determined by sequencing ITS region using Illumina MiSeq. Three fungal phyla were identified by sequence comparison: Ascomycota (66.8%\u201374.4%), Basidiomycota (21.6%\u201330.9%), and Neocallimastigomycota (0.9%\u20133.3%). The Aspergillus, Wallemia, Phanerochaete, Fusarium, and Penicillium were detected as the dominant genera, but their metabolic and functional significance in donkey cecum-colon ecosystem need further investigation. In terms of the anaerobic fungi Neocallimastigomycota, its abundance was greater in donkey colon than in caecum (p &lt; 0.05), indicating that the donkey hindgut region was associated with differences in fungal community composition. Moreover, the relative abundance of enzymes related to plant cell wall degradation were predicted by PICRUSt, and they were also lower in caecum than in colon. The present study provided new information about fibrolytic enzyme profiles and fungal composition in donkey hindgut ecosystem.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12040412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,9]],"date-time":"2022-02-09T21:19:06Z","timestamp":1644441546000},"page":"412","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The Fibrolytic Enzyme Profiles and the Composition of Fungal Communities in Donkey Cecum-Colon Ecosystem"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6762-9853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonghui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bingjian","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingxia","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changfa","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-Efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2018.08.009","article-title":"A comparison of methanogens of different regions of the equine hindgut","volume":"54","author":"Murrua","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anaerobe"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s42523-020-00027-7","article-title":"Domesticated equine species and their derived hybrids differ in their fecal microbiota","volume":"2","author":"Edwards","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anim. 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