{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T06:49:22Z","timestamp":1773384562028,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study addresses the presence and location of oral lesions in 342 dressage, show jumping, and eventing horses examined at an obligatory veterinary inspection before competing in the Danish National Championship in 2020. Ulcers in the lip commissures were photographed for subsequent pathological analysis. If a lesion was found at the lip commissures on one side, there was an increased risk of finding a similar lesion on the other side (ulcer: p &lt; 0.0001; scarring\/depigmentation: p &lt; 0.0001; fissure: p = 0.002; erosion\/contusion: p &lt; 0.0001). At the lip commissures, external (cutaneous) ulcers were correlated with internal (mucosal) ulcers (p &lt; 0.0001) and with scarring\/depigmentation (p &lt; 0.0001). Both mucosal and cutaneous ulcers were correlated with scarring\/depigmentation (p &lt; 0.0001). Erosion\/contusion at the lip commissures was associated with similar lesions on the bars (p = 0.0002), and ulcers of the buccal mucosa were associated with ulcers on the bars (p = 0.003). Dental hooks or sharp enamel points on one side were associated with similar lesions on the other side (p &lt; 0.0001). Dental findings were not related to mucosal ulcers or erosion\/contusion at the lip commissures but were associated with scarring\/depigmentation (p = 0.01).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12050616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T08:17:03Z","timestamp":1646122623000},"page":"616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Pre-Competition Oral Findings in Danish Sport Horses and Ponies Competing at High Level"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mette","family":"Uldahl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vejle Equine Practice, Fasanvej 12, 7120 Vejle \u00d8st, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Bundgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louise Bundgaard, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Agrovej 8, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Dahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jan Dahl Consult, \u00d8strupvej 89, 4350 Ugerl\u00f8se, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8759-0925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hilary M.","family":"Clayton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sport Horse Science, 3145 Sandhill Road, Mason, MI 48854, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican1291-94","article-title":"The Origin of Horseback Riding","volume":"265","author":"Anthony","year":"1991","journal-title":"Sci. Am."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2008.09.020","article-title":"The prevalence of oral ulceration in Swedish horses when ridden with bit and bridle and when unridden","volume":"178","author":"Tell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-014-0040-8","article-title":"Bit-related lesions in Icelandic competition horses","volume":"56","author":"Frey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Vet. Scand."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1080\/10888705.2015.1004407","article-title":"A cross-sectional epidemiological study of prevalence and severity of bit-induced oral trauma in polo ponies and race horses","volume":"18","author":"Mata","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Appl. Anim. Welf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2004.03.022","article-title":"A review of equine dental disorders","volume":"169","author":"Dixon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet. J."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12827","article-title":"Lesions associated with the use of bits, nosebands, spurs and whips in Danish competition horses","volume":"51","author":"Uldahl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Equine Vet. J."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.13401","article-title":"Risk factors for bit-related lesions in Finnish trotting horses","volume":"53","author":"Tuomola","year":"2021","journal-title":"Equine Vet. J."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2019.00206","article-title":"Oral Lesions in the Bit Area in Finnish Trotters After a Race: Lesion Evaluation, Scoring, and Occurrence","volume":"6","author":"Tuomola","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.4103\/2278-0203.105871","article-title":"Allergy and orthodontics","volume":"1","author":"Chakravarthi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Orthod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Comino-Garayoa, R., Cort\u00e9s-Bret\u00f3n Brinkmann, J., Pel\u00e1ez, J., L\u00f3pez-Su\u00e1rez, C., Mart\u00ednez-Gonz\u00e1lez, J.M., and Su\u00e1rez, M.J. (2020). Allergies to Titanium Dental Implants: What Do We Really Know about Them?: A Scoping Review. 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