{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:56:29Z","timestamp":1760151389256,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]],"date-time":"2022-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646179200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Previous studies of azotaemia in canine babesiosis revealed pre-renal and renal azotaemia in infected dogs, and an association between an increased de Ritis quotient (aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase activity; AST\/ALT ratio) and azotaemia in affected animals. Serum activities of AST and ALT, and AST\/ALT ratio were compared between azotaemic and non-azotaemic dogs infected with Babesia canis, and between affected dogs with pre-renal and renal azotaemia. Statistical analyses revealed higher AST activity and an increased AST\/ALT ratio in azotaemic dogs, and an increase of these two parameters in infected dogs with renal azotaemia in comparison to dogs with pre-renal azotaemia. Moreover, AST activity and AST\/ALT ratio were correlated with renal indices such as renal failure index, sodium fractional excretion, and urinary creatinine to serum creatinine ratio. The study also revealed a lack of correlation between AST and ALT activities in azotaemic dogs, although a correlation was observed when including all dogs in this study (azotaemic and non-azotaemic dogs treated as one group). The results of this study indicate that increased serum AST activity in azotaemic dogs infected with B. canis may have a renal origin, and the AST\/ALT ratio could be considered as a simple and convenient renal index that is useful in the recognition of renal azotaemia in canine babesiosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12050626","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]],"date-time":"2022-03-02T08:37:16Z","timestamp":1646210236000},"page":"626","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between Increased the De Ritis Quotient and Renal Azotaemia in Canine Babesiosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Olga","family":"G\u00f3jska-Zygner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Labros Veterinary Clinic, \u015aw. Bonifacego 92, 02-940 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3330-8645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justyna","family":"Karabowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences\u2014SGGW, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justyna","family":"Bartosik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences\u2014SGGW, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wojciech","family":"Zygner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences\u2014SGGW, Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-2-S1-S4","article-title":"Canine babesiosis: From molecular taxonomy to control","volume":"2","author":"Irwin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Parasit. 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